Post on 05-Feb-2018
7/21/2019 Práctica 4: Lentes delgadas
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Ckhtks `kcij`js
J. Jrtura Dnrjh`j _asktk, Orkh`j N. \jjvk`rj _kyks y Kerjnh I. Lah`ks Cuhj
Mukvks 6; `k Djrza `k ?6:;
Jostrjlt
Nh tbns rkpart wk wncc try jh` h` tbk ealjc `nstjhlkae skvkrjc ckhsks (tbrauib vjrnaus dktba`s) oatb `nvkr-ikht jh` lahvkrikht. tbns wntb tbk nhtkht ae lahstrultnhij tkckslapk jh` j dnlraslapk, jh` dkjsurnhi tbknr dji-hnljtnah pawkr.
_ksudkh
Kh kstj prêltnlj ousljdas dk`nr `k `nvkrsjs eardjscj `nstjhlnj ealjc `k ckhtks tjhta lahvkrikhtks lada `n-vkrikhtks. Ksta lah cj nhtkhlnüh `k pastkrnardkhtk kh-sjdocjr uh tkckslapna y uh dnlraslapna utncnzjh`a `nlbjsckhtks y dk`nr sus patkhlnjs `k djihnljlnüh.
Nhtra`ullnüh
Aomktnvas
:. Dk`nr cj `nstjhlnj ealjc `k ckhtks lahvkrikhtks y `n-vkrikhtks dk`njhtk vjrnas dîta`as.
?. Lahstrunr uh snstkdj üptnla quk euhlnahk lada uhdnlraslapna.
<. Lahstrunr uh snstkdj üptnla quk euhlnahk lada uhtkckslapna.
Jhêcnsns tkürnla
[hj ckhtk `kcij`j ks jqukccj quk par sus prapnk`j`kspuk`k skr ljrjltkrnzj`j lada uh aomkta uhn`ndkhsnahjc(n.k. snh irasar, sndpckdkhtk lah jcturj):.Var cas trjojmas rkjcnzj`as par Ijuss sjokdas quk kxnstk
:Bktlb, ?66?
uhj rkcjlnüh khtrk cjs `nstjhlnjs ealjc, aomkta k ndjikhpjrj uhj ckhtk `k tjc djhkrj quk=
:
e 4
:
sn+
:
sa(:)
A, ca quk ks ca dnsda=
e 4sa ¹ sn
sa + sn
(?)
@k kstj rkcjlnüh ca quk pa`kdas hatjr ks (aoskrvjock kh?), k ndpartjhtk pjrj hukstra `ksjrracca kxpkrndkhtjc,quk kstj rkcjlnüh ha ks uhj euhlnüh, n.k. sn tkhkdas uhpjr `k vjcarks quk ludpckh kstj rkcjlnüh, djtkdêtnlj-dkhtk ha bjlk `nekrkhlnj kh kc rksuctj`a lujc `k cas `ashýdkras larrkspah`k j quk `nstjhlnj (Ksta ks kc euh`j-dkhta `kc dîta`a `k puhtas lahmuij`as).[h dnlraslapna y uh tkckslapna sah, kh kskhlnj, kc dnsdasnstkdj üptnla7 cj ýhnlj `nekrkhlnj khtrk jdoas skrê cjpasnlnüh `kc aomkta, pjrj uh dnlraslapna tkh`rkdas uhaomkta pkqukúa y j palas lkhtädktras `k hukstras ckh-
tks, dnkhtrjs quk kh kc ljsa `k uh tkckslapna tkhkdas uhaomkta j uhj `nstjhlnj ca sulnkhtkdkhtk irjh`k ladapjrj quk kc jhêcnsns ca puk`j lahsn`krjr uh uh puhta khkc nhhnta.
@ksjrracca kxpkrndkhtjc
? Ckhtks lahvkrikhtks.
: Ckhtk `nvkrikhtk.
: Ukrhnkr.
: Eckxüdktra.? @njerjidjs.
: Vjhtjccj
:
7/21/2019 Práctica 4: Lentes delgadas
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: Cêskr.
: Cêdpjrj lacndj`j.
? @njpasntnvjs.
: \astîh `k `njpasntnvjs.
\apartks ladpckmas.
\apartks skhlnccas.
@j`a quk rkjcnzjdas `nvkrsjs dk nlnahks, tkhkdasdýctnpcks jrrkicas kxpkrndkhtjcks quk pralk krkdas j`kslrnonr.
Cky `k Ijuss.
Vrndkra, pjrj cj dk`nlnüh `k cj `nstjhlnj ealjc `k uhjckhtk lahvkrikhtk par dk`na `k cj klujlnüh `k Ijuss=
Eniurj := Dk`nlnüh par dk`na `k cj cky `k Ijuss.
Lahsnstk kh cj cêdpjrj lacndj`j y cj pjhtjccj saork kx-trkdas apukstas `kc rnkc, dnkhtrjs quk cj ckhtk lahvkrikh-tk sk khlukhtrj khtrk jdojs. J`kdês, erkhtk j cj cêdpjrj
sk khlukhtrj kc sastîh `k `njpasntnvjs lah uhj `njpasntnvjkh îc. Kc aomktnva `kc kxpkrndkhta ks khealjr cj ndjikh`k cj `njpasntnvj saork cj pjhtjccj y dk`nr cjs `nstjhlnjsrkckvjhtks.
Vuhtas lahmuij`as.
Vjrj cj skiuh`j dk`nlnüh quk rkjcnzjdas vacvkdas jtkhkr cj pjhtjccj y cj cêdpjrj kh kxtrkdas apukstas `kcrnkc, lah cj `njpasntnvj musta erkhtk j cj cêdpjrj. Kh
kstj aljsnüh hklksntjrkdas quk cj `nstjhlnj –pjhtjccj-`njpasntnvj— skj 0 vklks djyar j cj `nstjhlnj ealjc qukljclucjdas pjrj cj ckhtk usjh`a kc prndkr dîta`a.
Eniurj ?= Dk`nlnüh par dk`na `k Vuhtas lahmuij`as.
Hukvjdkhtk ousljdas khealjr cj ndjikh `k cj `njpasn-tnvj saork cj pjhtjccj, sjcva quk kstj vkz ousljrkdas kcpjr `k vjcarks dkhlnahj`as kh cj nhtra`ullnüh.
Aomkta jc nhhnta
Kstk jrrkica kxpkrndkhtjc lahsnstk kh praykltjr saorkuhj supkrlnk cj ndjikh `k uh aomkta duy ckmjha usjh`auhj ckhtk lahvkrikhtk y, pastkrnardkhtk, dk`nr cj `nstjh-lnj `k skpjrjlnüh khtrk cj ckhtk quk praykltj y cj supkr-lnk
Dnlraslapna.
Kh kc ljsa `kc dnlraslapna lacaljdas cjs ckhtks (`k`nstjhlnjs ealjcks sndncjrks) j uhj `nstjhlnj mj (6.:5d+6.:>d Wcj cahintu` `kc –nhstrudkhta— djs cj sudj `kcjs `nstjhlnjs ealjcksT) `kc cj`a `k cj djyar, pahkdas
kc aomktnva j su `nstjhlnj ealjc (6.69d) y `kc cj`a `k cjdkhar pahkdas kc aomkta j aoskrvjr j cj `nstjhlnj `k cjckhtk (.:?d)
?
7/21/2019 Práctica 4: Lentes delgadas
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Eniurj <= Kc dnlraslapna.
Pkckslapna.
Kh kc ljsa `kc tkckslapna, hklksntjdas ckhtks lah djyar`nekrkhlnj kh sus `nstjhlnjs ealjcks (.<5 y .69d), kstjs sklacaljh j cj sudj `k cjs `nstjhlnjs, y kc aomktnva vj `kccj`a `k cj dkhar skpjrj`j j su `nstjhlnj ealjc (6.69d)
Eniurj 0= Kc tkckslapna.
_ksuctj`as aotkhn`as
@nstjhlnj aomkta WldT @nstjhlnj ndjikh WldT>.; <0.2
<0.><0.5<;.6<;.:<0.>
:6.6 <?.<<:.5<?.9<?.5<0.><<.0
:0.6 :5.?:5.0
:5.6:;.>:5.::5.<
Pjocj := Dk`n`js pjrj Cky `k Ijuss
sa sn Krrar e Krrar>.;6 <0.22 6.65 9.09 6.6>
:6.66 <?.>? 6.0? 9.59 6.:6:0.66 :5.:; 6.69 9.;6 6.6?
Pjocj ?= Vradk`nas pjrjCky `k Ijuss
@nstjhlnj ealjc WldT (º?)9.;9.59.<9.;9.99.;
Pjocj <= Dk`n`js `k e
lah aomkta jc nhhnta
<
7/21/2019 Práctica 4: Lentes delgadas
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C @:¶ Dk`n`j :56.6 :00.<
:56.6 :00.0:56.6 :00.?
?¶ Dk`n`j :;;.6 :<>.?
:;;.6 :<>.::;;.6 :<>.<
<¶ Dk`n`j :;6.6 :<0.<5:;6.6 :<0.>:;6.6 :<0.:
Pjocj 0= Dk`n`js `kVuhtas lahmuij`as
C @ Krrar e Krrar:56.6 :00.<6 6.62 9.05 6.6?:;;.6 :<>.?6 6.62 9.;6 6.6?:;6.6 :<0.:6 6.:5 9.;< 6.6?
Pjocj ;= Ujcarks `kVuhtas lahmuij`as
sa,: C sn,? e ?(ma):9 < ?0 5:9 < ?0.< 5:9 < ?<.2 5:9 < ?0.? 5:9 < ?<.9 5:9 < ?<.> 5?6 0 :9.: 5?6 0 :9.? 5?6 0 :9.? 5?6 0 :9.: 5?6 0 :9.0 5?6 0 :9.< 5:2 ; :0.> 5:2 ; :; 5:2 ; :0.2 5:2 ; :0.2 5:2 ; :0.9 5:2 ; :0.> 5
Pjocj 5= Ckhtk `nvkrikhtk
Jhêcnsns `k rksuctj`as
Lada sk puk`k jprklnjr kh cjs tjocjs ?, < y ; ta`js cjdk`nlnahks lah lahsnstkhtks lah uhj ckhtk `k 9.; ld `k
`nstjhlnj ealjc (quk ks cj `nstjhlnj rkpartj`j kh kc djrladktêcnla `k cj ckhtk). @k kstj eardj, pa`kdas jskiurjrquk kstj ks, `k bklba, cj `nstjhlnj ealjc.
LahlcusnahksCairjdas khlahtrjr cj `nstjhlnj ealjc pjrj cjs ckhtks
utncnzj`js kh kstj prêltnlj. J`kdês, lah kstj nheardj-lnüh, pu`ndas lahstrunr cas snstkdjs quk jltujrah ladadnlraslapna y tkckslapna.
_kekrkhlnjs
Bktlb, Aptnls, 0½ k`. J``nsah Ykscky= Vkjrsah k`u-ljtnah, ?66?.
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