BLOQUE 1.- ELECTRICIDAD - 3 DISEÑO INST ELECTRICA.pptx

8/10/2019 BLOQUE 1.- ELECTRICIDAD - 3 DISEO INST ELECTRICA.pptx

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IOQPBCBAIKODQ

DCAPZIABQ Y

DQUDAIBCDQ

HZB@K @D@IQDK @D IOPDZIKZDQ


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JCKRTD I

IOQPBCBAIKODQ DCAPZIABQ

HZB@K @D@IQDK @D IOPDZIKZDQ


3/173

JCKRTD I6 IOQPBCBAIKODQ DCAPZIABQ @D JBFB PDOQIO

2. IOPZK@TAAIO6 UZK@TAAIO, @IQPZIJTAIO Y QTGIOIQPZKQDCAPZIAKQ.

2.:. @dsaripaio `d uo sistdgb dcatriak.2.1. Akrridotd akotioub y akrridotd bctdrob

2.0. Qistdgb trilsiak y gkoklsiak.

:. @IQPZIJTAIO DO CB ZD@ @D JBFB PDOQIO (055 :15 \).:.2. Akoadptks hdodrbcds.:.:. Dcdgdotks iotdhrbotds6 zbofbs y tujks, brqudtbs y abjcds


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1.OKZGBPI\B @D BUCIABAIO.1.2. Ubrtds d cb iostbcbaio.

1.2.2. Bakgdti`b.

1.2.2.:. Bakgdti`b do jbfb tdosio.1.2.:. Iostbcbaio d docbad.

1.2.:.2. Iostbcbaio d docbad6 pbrtds.1.2.:.:. Abfb Hdodrbc d Urktdaaio.

1.2.1. Codb Hdodrbc d bcigdotbaio.1.2.0. Adotrbcizbaio `d akotb`krds.1.2.4. @drivbaikods ioìviùbcds.

1.:. Iostbcbaio do dc iotdrikr d cbs vivido`bs ysdrviaiks hdodrbcds.1.:.2. Hrb`ks d dcdatriliabaio.1.:.:. Uuotks d uticizbaio.1.:.1. Aub`rks d istrijuaio d vivido`bs.

1.:.1.2. @ispksitivks d Gbo`k y Urktdaaio.1.:.1.:. Iotdrruptkr Akotrkc `d Uktdoaib.

1.:.0. Iostbcbaio iotdrikr d cb vivido`b.

1.:.4. Dsqudgb do pcbotb `d cb Iostbcbaio `d Docbad y`d cks Qdrviaiks Hdodrbcds.

1.:.. Codbs `d Ludrzb Gktriz.1.:.9. Dsqudgbs hdodrbcds `d usk akgo do dìliaiks

pbrb vivido`bs.



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21.- DCDAPZIAI@B@

0. @IQDK HDODZBC @D CB IOQPBCBAIO.

0.2. Urioaipiks hdodrbcds `d isdk do vivido`bs (iat-jt-:


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4. IOQPBCBAIKODQ IOPDZIKZDQ, @IQUKQIPI\KQ @D GBO@K Y UZKPDAAIO.

4.2. Iotdosi`b`ds dxadsivbs6 akrtkairauitks y skjrd iotdosi`b`ds.4.:. Lusijcds.4.1. Iotdrruptkrds gbhodtk trgiaks.4.0. Urioaipik `dc pdcihrk `dc akotbatk y cks dldatks `d cbs `dsabrhbs dodc audrpk nugbok.4.4. Urktdaaikods do jbfb tdosio.4.. Iotdrruptkrds ìldrdoaibcds.4.9. Aritdrik `d dcdaaio `d cks ìldrdoaibcds.4.25. Iostbcbaikods do aubrtks qud akotdohbo jbdrbs k ùanbs.4.22. Cb rd` dquipktdoaibc.


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8. @IGDOQIKOB@K @D CB IOQPBCBAIO

8.2. Hdodrbci`b`ds.8.:. Urdvisio `d pktdoaib pbrb dìliaiks `d vivido`bs

8.:.2. Abrhb akrrdspkoìdotd b uo akofuotk `d vivido`bs.8.:.:. Uktdoaib pbrb sdrviaiks hdodrbcds.8.:.1. Uktdoaib pbrb ckabcds akgdraibcds.8.:.0. Uktdoaib pbrb hbrbfds.

8.1. Urdvisio `d pktdoaib pbrb dìliaiks akgdraibcds, `dkliaiobs k `dstiob`ks b uob k vbribs ioùstribs.

8.0. Dfdgpck6 prdvisio `d pktdoaibs `d uo dìliaik


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0 @IQDK HDODZBC @D CBIOQPBCBAIO DCAPZIAB @D TOB \I\IDO@B



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0 @IQDK HDODZBC @D CB IOQPBCBAIO @D TOB \I\IDO@B

0.2. UZIOAIUIKQ HDODZBCDQ @D @IQDK DO \I\IDO@BQ (IPA-JP-:4 Y :


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Cb Iostbcbaio Iotdrikr Zdadptkrb `d ab`b \ivido`b ds dc akofuotk `d airauitks qud bcigdotbob ab`b uok `d cks puotks `d uticizbaio `d cb dodrhb dcatriab do dc iotdrikr `d cb vivido`b

@ianks airauitks dsto lkrgb`ks okrgbcgdotd, do dc absk `dc sugioistrk do gkoklsiab b :15 \(ck qud kaurrd absi sidgprd) pkr uo akoùatkr `d lbsd, uok odutrk y uok `d prktdaaio, bckfb`ksab`b uok do uo tujk akrruhb`k dgpktrb`k do cbs pbrd`ds k tdanks

Cbs akoìaikods `d dstbs iostbcbaikods sd `dtbccbo do 6

IOQPBCBAIODQ IOPDZIKZDQ

IPA-JP-29 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds k Zdadptkrbs. Urdsaripaikods Hdodrbcds- ds cb luo`bgdotbcIPA-JP-25 - Urdvisio `d Abrhbs pbrb Qugioistrks do Jbfb Pdosio

IPA-JP-28 - Iostbcbaikods `d Docbad. @ispksitivks Hdodrbcds d Ioìviùbcds `d Gbo`k y Urktdaaio. Iotdrruptkr `d Akotrkc

`d Uktdoaib

IPA-JP-:5 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds k Zdadptkrbs. Qistdgbs `d Iostbcbaikods

IPA-JP-:2 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds k Zdadptkrbs. Pujks y Abobcds Urktdatkrbs

IPA-JP-:: - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds k Zdadptkrbs. Urktdaaio Akotrb Qkjrd iotdosi`b`ds

IPA-JP-:1 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds k Zdadptkrbs. Urktdaaio akotrb QkjrdtdosikodsIPA-JP-:0 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds k Zdadptkrbs. Urktdaaio akotrb cks Akotbatks @irdatks d Ioìrdatks

IPA-JP-:4 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds do \ivido`bs. Ogdrk `d Airauitks y Abrbatdrstiabs

IPA-JP-:< - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds do \ivido`bs. Urdsaripaikods Hdodrbcds `d Iostbcbaio

IPA-JP-:8 - Iostbcbaikods Iotdrikrds do \ivido`bs. Ckabcds qud akotidodo uob Jbdrb k @uanb


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Cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs `d vivido`bs akosistdo, dsdoaibcgdotd, do cb iostbcbaio, do cbs pbrd`ds y tdank, `dtujks pbrb cb pksb `d cks abjcds, odadsbriks pbrb cb akodxio `d cks puotks `d uticizbaio.


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AIZATIPKQ @D TPICIVBAIO IPA-JP-:4 6 Pbjcb 2

0.2. UZIOAIUIKQ HDODZBCDQ @D @IQDK DO \I\IDO@BQ (IAP-JP-29 , :5, :2.)


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UTOPKQ @D TPICIVBAIO GOIGKQ

IPA-JP-:4 6 Pbjcb :

OKPBQ6

Cbs ujiabaikods io`iab`bs do cb tbjcb : skokridotbtivbs, pkr dfdgpck cb cbvb`krb pud`ddstbr iostbcb`b do ktrb dpdo`doaib d cbvivido`b.

A26 dc tigjrd ok akgputb akgk puotk `duticizbaio do dc airauitk a2

Cks akogutb`krds, aruzbgidotks, tdcdruptkrdsy ktrks ispksitivks d abrbatdrstiabs sigicbrdssd akosi`drbo dohckjb`ks do dc hdoriakiotdrruptkr.

Do dc absk `d iostbcbr vbribs tkgbs `d akrridotdpbrb rdadptkr `d P\ k bskaib`bs b cb

iolrbdstruaturb akgo `d tdcdakguoiabaikods(IAP), akgputb akgk uo skck puotk `duticizbaio nbstb uo gxigk `d 0 tkgbs.

0.2. UZIOAIUIKQ HDODZBCDQ @D@IQDK DO \I\IDO@BQ (IAP-JP-29 ,:5, :2.)


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Uuotk `d uticizbaio6 Aubcquidr gdaboisgk akgk tkgbs `d akrridotd, iotdrruptkr,puotk `d cuz, dta.

Uuotk `d cuz6 ds uo puotk `d uticizbaio `dc airauitk `d bcugjrb`k qud vb

akgbo`b`k pkr uo iotdrruptkr io`dpdoìdotd* y bc qud pud`do akodatbrsd uob kvbribs cugiobribs.

*Cks akogutb`krds, aruzbgidotks, tdcdrruptkrds y ktrks ìspksitivks `d abrbatdrstiabs sigicbrdssd akosi`drbo dohckjb`ks do dc hdoriak iotdrruptkr ioìab`k do cb botdrikr tbjcb.

Dfdgpck6

To puotk `d uticizbaio 7 To puotk `d cuz lkrgb`k pkr : (k gs) cugiobribs ioacui`bs do dcgisgk airauitk akgbo`b`b pkr uo iotdrruptkr.To puotk `d uticizbaio7 @ks akogutb`krds qud akgbo`bo dc puotk `d cuz.

B akotioubaio sd `dsarijdo cbs abrbatdrstiabs `d cks puotks `d uticizbaio gs akguods.

UTOPKQ @D TPICIVBAIO (Hub ZJP IPA-JP :4)

0.2. UZIOAIUIKQ HDODZBCDQ @D @IQDK DO \I\IDO@BQ (IAP-JP-29 , :5, :2.)


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0.: CKQ GDABOIQGKQ DCAPZIAKQ

Gdaboisgk(iotdrruptkr,akogutb`kr, tkgb `dakrridotd, dta.)

Qkpkrtd(uoiliab`k) Ucbab dgjdccdad`krb

( vbriks babjb`ks)

Pdacb(vbriks babjb`ks)

Qkpkrtd tdacb

Abfb `d dgpktrbr(gd`i`bsuoiliab`bs)

UBZPDQ @D TO GDABOIQGK DCAPZIAK @D GBO@K(Iotdrruptkrds, akogutb`krds, pucsb`krds, dta.)

AGK QD LBJZIAB TO IOPDZZTUPKZ


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UBZPDQ @D TOB JBQD @D PKGB @D AKZZIDOPD

Acbvifb

Jbsd

Akotbatk pbrbtkgb `dtidrrb



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PIUKQ @D JBQDQ @D PKGB @D AKZZIDOPD B@GIPI@BQ.

JBQDQ @D PKGBQ @D AKZZIDOPD (IPA-JP-29)

Qkck pbrb iostbcbaikods akoprdvisio `d abrhb 81


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PIUKQ @D JBQDQ @D PKGB @D AKZZIDOPD B@GIPI@BQ.

JBQDQ @D PKGBQ @D AKZZIDOPD (IPA-JP-:4)

Pk`ks cks `dgs dgpcdksprdvistks pkr cbs Pbjcbs 2 y :

:4B 6 Airauitk A1

2


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(nbstb) 0 tkgbs gctipcd + P\7 2 Uuotk `d uticizbaio

Do dc absk `d iostbcbr vbribstkgbs `d akrridotd pbrbrdadptkr `d P\ k bskaib`bs b cbiolrbdstruaturb akgo `d cbtdcdakguoiabaikods (IAP),akgputb akgk uo skck puotk`d uticizbaio nbstb uo gxigk`d 0 tkgbs.

Pigjrd 7 OK AKGUTPB

Dc tigjrd ok akgputb akgkpuotk `d uticizbaio do dc

airauitk A2

UTOPKQ @D TPICIVBAIO - dxadpaikods (Hub ZJP IPA-JP :4)

2 UTOPK @D CTV7 2 Uuotk `d uticizbaio

*sd akosi`drb tbgjio akgkuo skck Uuotk `d uticizbaiouo puotk `d cuz lkrgb`k pkr(p.df.) `ks cugiobribs.



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CKQ QIQPDGBQ GK@TCBZDQ UDZGIPDOAKOLIHTZBZ CKQ UTOPKQ @D TPICIVBAIO.

QIQPDGBQ GK@TCBZDQ



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Dstb IPA-JP tidod akgk kjfdtivk lifbr cks puotks `d ucizbaio goigks qud `djd tdodr cb iostbcbaio `duob vivido`b, `ds`d uo puotk `d vistb `d sdhuri`b` dcatriab. Qio dgjbrhk, dc ioardgdotk `d cb ucizbaio

`d cb dodrhb dcatriab do cbs vivido`bs y cb bpciabaio `dc akoadptk ìsdk pbrb tk`ksbakosdfb qud do dcìsdk `d cb iostbcbaio sd tdohbo do audotb cbs pksijcds odadsi`b`ds pbrtiaucbrds `dc usubrik y suscigitbaikods (`dji`k b cb d`b`, ìsabpbai`b`, dta.), bsiakgk sus luturbs `dgbo`bs. (Hub ZJP IAP-JP :4)

Urdsaripaikods goigbs y `d akolkrt (Hub ZJP IAP-JP :4)



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Dstb IPA-JP tidod akgk kjfdtivk lifbr cks puotks `d ucizbaio goigks qud `djd tdodr cb iostbcbaio `d uobvivido`b, `ds`d uo puotk `d vistb `d sdhuri`b` dcatriab. Qio dgjbrhk, dc ioardgdotk `d cb ucizbaio `d cb

dodrhb dcatriab do cbs vivido`bs y cb bpciabaio `dc akoadptk ìsdk pbrb tk`ksbakosdfb qud do dc ìsdk `d cbiostbcbaio sd tdohbo do audotb cbs pksijcds odadsi`b`ds pbrtiaucbrds `dc usubrik y sus cigitbaikods (`dji`k b cbd`b`, ìsabpbai`b`, dta.), bsiakgk sus luturbs `dgbo`bs. (Hub ZJP IAP-JP :4)

Urdsaripaikods goigbs y `d akolkrt (Hub ZJP IAP-JP :4)

@IQDK UBZB PK@KQ

Cb bativi`b` pkr cb qud sdakoaijd k prkydatb, `ds`d dc

krihdo, y sidgprd qud dcck sdbpksijcd, dotkroks, prkadsks,jidods, prkùatks, sdrviaiks,kjfdtks, iostrugdotks,ìspksitivks k ndrrbgidotbs, `dtbc lkrgb qud pud`bo sdruticizb`ks pkr tk`bs cbs pdrskobs,do cb gbykr dxtdosio pksijcd.

Cdy 42/:551, `d : `d ìaidgjrd, `dihubc`b` `d kpkrtuoi`b`ds, okìsarigiobaio y baadsijici`b` uoivdrsbc `dcbs pdrskobs ako ìsabpbai`b



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Qdho uo dstu`ik* `d :525 skjrd @isdky ujiabaio `d cks gdaboisgks dcatriaksnb qud`b`k pbtdotd cb dsabsb btdoaio qud sd sudcd prdstbr b dstd bspdatk `d cbiostbcbaio dcatriab pbrb dvitbr (k cigitbr) luturbs gk`iliabaikods.

* nttp6//www.gbplrd.akg/luo`baiko/ntgc/rdvistbs/sdhuri`b`/o2:5/brtiauck:.ntgc



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Bn vb uob rdhcb6

Gdcius bjuo`brdqubg `dliadrd



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- ìsdbr cb iostbcbaio ako uob suliaidotdprdvisio (iostbcbaio `d akoùatks vbaks, rdsdrvbr dspbaik do dcaub`rk `d ìstrijuaio pbrb luturks ìspksitivks, dta.) qud pdrgitb uob luturb bgpcibaio sio odadsi`b` `dnbadr kjrbs.



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- prdvdr uo ogdrk `d tkgbs `d puotks `d icugiobaio, tkgbs `d akrridotd `d usks hdodrbcds k do jbk ybuxicibrds `d akaiob supdrikr b cks ioìab`ks do cb tbjcb 2 `d dstb IPA-JP, `d dstd gk`k b`dgs `d tdodruob iostbcbaio bakr`d b cb odadsi`b` `dc usubrik, sd gdfkrb cb sdhuri`b` `d cb iostbcbaio bc rdùair dc usk`d akodatkrds gucvb k prkckohb`krds y dvitbr cb rdbcizbaio `d luturbs gkìliabaikods `d cb iostbcbaio

pkr pdrskobc ok abciliab`k.



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- ok iotdotbr uo bnkrrk liatiaik bpurbo`k bc gxigk cbs tkgbs pkr airauitk pbrb rd`uair dc ogdrk `dairauitks. Ioardgdotbr cks airauitks y pbsbr bc hrb`k `d dcdatrilabaio dcdvb`k ok tidod kjcihbtkribgdotdakosdaudoaibspratiabs `d abgjik `d pktdoaib akotrbtb`b b cb Akgpbb Qugioistrb`krb, sd kjtidodgbykr akolkrt pdrk ok gbykr akosugk.



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Cb ujiabaio `d cks gdaboisgks k puotks `d uticizbaio (iotdrruptkrds, tkgbs `d akrridotd,puotk `d cuz, dta.) `djd `d sdr akosdosub`b, aubo`k sdb pksijcd, dotrd cks usubriks y dcprkydatistb yb qud b gdou`k bgjks `dsakokado cbs dxihdoaibs `d ab`b uok.

UCBOILIABAIO



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Lkgdotbr skcuaikods bctdrobtivbs b cbs trb`iaikobcds abfbs `d dgpktrbr pdrgitdo uob gbykrlcdxijici`b` `d usk y b`bptbjici`b` b cbs gk`iliabaikods.

Pkgbs `d akrridotd dspcbzbjcdsIotdrruptkr sio abjcd y sio picb



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Vabck dcdatriliab`k

Lkgdotbr skcuaikods bctdrobtivbs b cbs trb`iaikobcds abfbs `d dgpktrbr pdrgitdo uob gbykrlcdxijici`b` `d usk y b`bptbjici`b` b cbs gk`iliabaikods.



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Ioakrpkrbr rdhcdtbs `d akodxio y cks gbo`ks do cks gudjcds

pdrgitd dvitbr dc usk `d bcbrhb`drbs y cb`rkods.

Xkk`tkuan

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqW9PCk1_v8


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Ioakrpkrbr rdhcdtbs `d akodxio y cks gbo`ks do cksgudjcds pdrgitd uob gbykr lcdxijici`b`.


0 1 CKQ AKO@TAPKZDQ DCAPZIAKQ


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0.1 CKQ AKO@TAPKZDQ DCAPZIAKQ

AGK QD LBJZIABO CKQ ABJCDQ DCAPZIAKQ

0 1 CKQ AKO@TAPKZDQ DCAPZIAKQ


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Qko cb pbrtd dsdoaibc `d cb iostbcbaio dcatriab.

Qus abrbatdrstiabs, sdho dc sistdgb `d iostbcbaio, sd `dliodo do cb IPA-JP-:5,:2 y :

PDOQIO OKGIOBC @D BIQCBGIDOPK

Do abjcds uoipkcbrds sd `dliod pkr T5 (tdosio `d biscbgidotk dxihi`b dotrd lbsd y tidrrb)- vbckrds okrgbcds 255, 155, 045,


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242

21. DCDAPZIAI@B@


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241

0.0 DC OI\DC @D BIQCBGIDOPK CKQ AKO@TAPKZDQ DCAPZIAKQ


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21. DCDAPZIAI@B@


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240



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Dgpbcgds y @drivbaikods pbrb sdaaikods dcdvb`bs6

Do cks abjcds `d cb Bakgdti`b y `d cb Iostbcbaio

`d Docbad cks abjcds sko `d uob sdaaioigpkrtbotd, y pbrb pk`dr rdbcizbrsd cb akodxiobtkroiccbo`k do uob rdhcdtb do dc dxtrdgk `dcabjcd sd akckab b prdsio uo tic dspdaibc6 uobPdrgiobc



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Do cks abjcds `d cb Iostbcbaio iotdrikr `d cbs vivido`bs, ako sdaaikods rdcbtivbgdotdpdqudbs, cks dgpbcgds y `drivbaikods sd nbado ako uobs Zdhcdtbs k Lianbs `d Dgpbcgdqud bprisikobo gdìbotd uo tkroicck cks dxtrdgks `d cks abjcds `dsprkvistks `d biscbotd do

uoks gg.-

Dstbs Zdhcdtbs k Lianbs d Dgpbcgd sdbckfbo do cbs Abfbs `d @drivbaio

Dgpbcgds y @drivbaikods do vivido`b6

Dst prkniji`k rdbcizbr cbs akodxikods sigpcdgdotdbrrkccbo`k do trdozb cks abjcds sio biscbotd y rdaujrir dcakofuotk ako aiotb biscbotd (pkr dc pdcihrk `d akrtkairauitk kioadoìk) , pdrk s sd pk`rb nbadr bs si cb trdozb rd rdludrzbako skc`bùrb `d dstbk pbrb dvitbr qud cks abjcds sd sbchbo

`dc dgpbcgd. (do cb pratiab ok sd usb)



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0.4 DFDATAIO @D CBQ IOQPBCBAIKODQ @D IOPDZIKZDQ

Cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs trbìaikobcds `d vivido`bs, qud akosistdo dsdoaibcgdotd do cb iostbcbaio do cbspbrd`ds y tdank `d tujks k abobcds pbrb cb pksb `d cks abjcds, dgpktrb`k (gdìbotd rkzbs) k do supdrliaid(gdoks nbjitubcds do dc iotdrikr `d cb vivido`b), rdprdsdotbo dc prioaipbc kjstauck b supdrbr do cb lkrgb `d

prkydatbr. Cbs rkzbs do cbs pbrd`ds tidodo uo akstd `d gbok `d kjrb dcdvb`k (si dsto ndanbs b gbok), `djicitbocks tbjiquds y tidodo uo igpbatk dcdvb`k do absk `d gkìliabaio. Cks tujks k abobcizbaikods supdrliaibcdsodadsitbo uo aui`b`k dspdaibc pbrb su iostbcbaio, pud`do dstbr sufdtks b skciaitbaio gdaoiab y rdquidrdo cbbadptbaio dsttiab pkr pbrtd `dc usubrik.

Zkzb`krb dfdgpck

Iostbcbaio ako tujks gdtciaks do supdrliaidIostbcbaio ako tujks dgpktrb`ks do rkzbs


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Cks tujks y cbs abobcizbaikods dcatriabs, sko cks dcdgdotks qud sd doabrhbo `d akotdodr cks akoùatkrds

dcatriaks. Cb luoaio `d cks tujks y cbs abobcizbaikods dcatriabs ds cb `d prktdhdr b cks akoùatkrds, yb sdb `d`bks gdaoiaks, qugiaks, bctbs tdgpdrbturb y nugd`b`= tbgjio, ìstrijuirck `d lkrgb uoilkrgd,bakgk`bo`k dc abjcdb`k dcatriak do cb iostbcbaio.

Cks tujks y cbs abobcizbaikods dcatriabs dsto lbjriab`ks pbrb b`bptbrsd b aubcquidr bgjidotd `ko`d sdrdquidrb ccdvbr uo abjcdb`k dcatriak. Ds pkr dsk, qud sd pud`do doakotrbr dgpktrb`bs ( tdanks, sudck kpbrd`ds), do supdrliaids, bc bird cijrd, zkobs vijrbtkribs, zkobs ngd`bsk cuhbrds sujtdrrodks.

@dpdoìdo`k `dc tipk `d gbtdribc qud dsto lbjriab`bs, dstbs sd acbsiliabo do6 gdtciabs y ok gdtciabs. Cbs okgdtciabs sd lbjriabo `d gbtdribcds tdrgkpcstiaks, yb sdb U\A k `d pkcidticdok= do dc absk `d cbs abobcizbaikodsgdtciabs, sd lbjriabo do badrk, nidrrk k bcugioik.

PTJKQ Y ABOBCIVBAIKODQ


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Cbs abrbatdrstiabs y cbs ako`iaikods `d iostbcbaio `d cks `ildrdotds tujks y abobcdsprktdatkrbs dsto `dsaritbs do cb IPA-JP-:2.

CKQ PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ UTD@DO QDZ6

Acbsiliabaio sdho dc tipk `d gbtdribc2. Pujk y baadskrik gdtciaks.:. Pujk y baadskriks ok gdtciaks.1. Pujk y baadskriks akgpudstks (akostitui ks pkr gbtdribcds gdtciaks y ok gdtciaks).

Acbsiliabaio sdho cbs okrgbs TOD-DO 455>


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PTJKQ Y ABOBCIVBAIKODQ

(Hub IPA-JP-:2)


52/173


PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ OK GDPCIAKQ (U\A)

Z H I @ K

Pujks `d U\A

Dc U\A ds uo gbtdribc tdrgkpcstiak, `d dsks `drivb`ks `d cks pkcigdrks. Qu`dokgiobaio vidod, pkr dc akgpudstk pkciackrurk `d vioick, `d bn su okgjrd "U\A".Dstd ds rdsistdotd y rhi`k, pud`d dstbr do bgjidotds ngd`ks y skpkrtbr bchuoksqugiaks. Ukr cbs prkpid`b`ds `dc tdrgkpcstiak, ds butkdxtiohuijcd b cbs ccbgbs, ok

sd akrrkdo y sko guy cihdrks.

Bpciabaikods6- Dgpktrb`ks jbfk akoardtk, do sudcks, tdanks ypbrd`ds.- Do zkobs ngd`bs.- Do supdrliaids, akosi`drbo`k sus cigitbaikodstrgiabs y gdaoiabs.


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Z H I @ K


54/173


Dfdgpcks `d PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ OK GDPCIAKQ (U\A)

ZHI@K (aurvb`k)


55/173


Dfdgpcks tujks OK gdtciaks rhi`ks U\A


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Dfdgpcks tujks OK gdtciaks rhi`ks U\A


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A T Z \ B J C D

Pujks lcdxijcds `d pcbstiaks

Dstks sd lbjriabo ako gbtdribcds tdrgkpcstiaks, hdodrbcgdotd ako U\A `d`kjcd abpb, nbaio`kck gs rdsistdotd y ndrgtiak. Qd sd abrbatdrizbo pkr sdrciviboks, y pkr su supdrliaid akrruhb`bqud ck nbad lcdxijcd.

Bpciabaikods6- Iostbcbaio dgjuti`b do kjrb k, si nby lbcsk tdank, hrbpb`b bc tdank `d kjrb


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A T Z \ B J C D


59/173



A T Z \ B J C D


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A T Z \ B J C D


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Dfdgpcks `d PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ OK GDPCIAKQ

L C D ^ I J C D

Pujks lcdxijcd OK gdtciaks (U\A)

Cks tujks `d Urktdaaio OK GDPCIAKQ sko usb`ks pbrb cb prktdaaio y huib`k `d abjcds doGbquiobrib y Ucbotbs `d Lbjriabaio, b`dgs `d sdr akgpcdgdotk pdrldatk akgk akoùaaio `dabjcds nbstb Brgbriks `d Akotrkc.

Bpciabaikods6- Qu prioaipbc bpciabaio dst do bgjidotds ioùstribcds.- Do zkobs `ko`d dc abjcdb`k dst dxpudstk b vijrbaikods, tkrsio y `bks gdaoiaks.- Iostbcbaio do zkobs visijcds, `ko`d dc rbìk `d aurvbturb `dc bcbgjrb`k qud sd vbyb b rdbcizbr dshrbo`d.

- Ubrb dc abjcdb`k `d bpbrbtks y gquiobs dcatriabs, gktkrds y trboslkrgb`krds DO BGJIDOPDBHZDQI\K.


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PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ OK GDPCIAKQ

L C D ^ I J C D


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PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ GDPCIAKQ

Z H I @ K

Pujks DGP

Ukr sus sihcbs do iohcs, Dcdatriabc Gdtbccia Pujioh (DGP). Dstks tujks sko uoks `d cksgs vdrsticdsuticizb`ks do cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs akgdraibcds d ioùstribcds, dstkpkr sdr gkc`dbjcdsb ìldrdotds lkrgbs y ohucks, lbaicitbo`k cb trbydatkrib qud sd cd

quidrb `br bc abjcdb`k. Ubsbo pkr uo prkadsk `d hbcvboizb`k, dstd rdaujrigidotk dvitbcb akrrksio, ckhro`ksd gbykr ùrbjici`b`. Uud`do vdoir do tbgbks `ds`d 2/:"nbstb 0" `d ìgdtrk. Ok tidodo sus dxtrdgks rksab`ks, y uticizb baadskriks dspdaibcds,pbrb bakpcbgidotk y docbad ako abfbs.

Bpciabaikods6- Qu gbykr bpciabaio dst pbrb gkotbrsd do supdrliaids ( zkobs visijcds). Qkpkrtbo`kcdvds `bks gdaoiaks. Uud`do dstbr ìrdatbgdotd b cb iotdgpdrid.- Uud`do sdr dgpktrb`ks k zkobs kauctbs= jbfk akoardtk, yb sdb do sudck, tdank kpbrd`ds.


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Z H I @ K

Pujks DGP


Dfdgpcks tujks gdtciaks rhi`ks DGP


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Dfdgpcks tujks gdtciaks rhi`ks DGP

0 4 DFDATAIO @D CBQ IOQPBCBAIKODQ @D IOPDZIKZDQ


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Z H I @ K

Pujks IGA (Iotdrgdìbtd Gdtbc Akoùit)

Dstks tujks sko cks gs rdsistdotds b cks `bks gdaoiaks. @dji`k bc hrkskr `d sus pbrd`ds,sko gs ìlaicds `d trbjbfbr qud cks DGP. Do bgjks dxtrdgks vidodo ako uobrksab, puìo`ksd docbzbr ako akodatkrds rksab`ks ( akpcds k oipcds). Pbgjio sd cd pud`d nbadr cbrksab `d lkrgb gboubc ako uob tdrrbfb, do dstd absk `djd prkaurbrsd dcigiobr cbs rdjbjbs pbrb qudok bldatd do cks akoùatkrds, bc gkgdotk `d sdr iostbcb`ks.

Ubrb dvitbr cb akrrksio, dstks sko hbcvboizb`ks iotdrobgdotd y dxtdrobgdotd pkr uo prkadsk `diogdrsio do abcidotd. Ukr su lbjriabaio, sko abobcizbaikods guy ùrbjcds, y sko jido ndrgtiabs.Dstbo`k bptks pbrb akotdodr cks abjcds sio qud dstks sd dstrkpddo k gbctrbtdo. Cks tbgbks `d dstdvbo `ds`d cb 2/:" nbstb


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Z H I @ K

Pujks IGA


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Dfdgpcks tujks gdtciaks rhi`ks IGA



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L C D ^ I J C D

Pujks lcdxijcd gdtciaks

Dstbs tujdrbs sko lbjriab`bs do badrk, y pbsbo pkr uo rdaujrigidotk hbcvboizb`k. Qu lcdxijici`b` bcb tkrsio y b cb rdsistdoaib gdaoiab sd `djd b su lkrgb dohbrhkcb`b ( cgiobs ìstrijui`bs dolkrgb ndciaki`bc). Ukr su akostruaaio ( jbfb ndrgdtiai`b`) ok ds rdakgdo`bjcd qud dst do cuhbrds

ako bctb nugd`b`, vbpkrds k hbsds. Qus ìgdosikods vbo `ds`d 2/:" nbstb 0" `d ìgdtrk.

Bpciabaikods6- Qu prioaipbc bpciabaio dst do bgjidotds ioùstribcds.- Do zkobs `ko`d dc abjcdb`k dst dxpudstk b vijrbaikods, tkrsio y `bks gdaoiaks.- Iostbcbaio do zkobs visijcds, `ko`d dc rbìk `d aurvbturb `dc bcbgjrb`k qud sd vbyb b rdbcizbr dshrbo`d.

- Ubrb dc abjcdb`k `d bpbrbtks y gquiobs dcatriabs, gktkrds y trboslkrgb`krds.



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L C D ^ I J C D



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Dfdgpcks `d PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ GDPCIAKQ

L C D ^ I J C D



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PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ AKGUTDQPK

L C D ^ I J C D

Dstd sd akostruyd sigicbr bc tujk lcdxijcd gdtciak, cb `ildrdoaib dst do dc rdaujrigidotk `d uogbtdribc biscbotd tdrgkpcstiak. Dstd babjb`k liobc, ck nbad sci`bgdotd ndrgtiak, rdsistdotd ylcdxijcdy pdrgitd cb sugb `d cbs vdotbfbs `d uo tujk lcdxijcd gdtciak y `d U\A.

Bpciabaikods6- Abjcdb`k `d gktkrds y gbquiobribs io`ustribcds.- Vkobs ako bctb vijrbaio.- Ubrb cuhbrds ako guank pkcvk.- Cuhbrds bhrdsivks ako bctb nugd`b` y prdsdoaib `d baditds.

- Vkobs akrrksivbs.



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PTJKQ UZKPDAPKZDQ AKGUTDQPK

L C D ^ I J C D



74/173

IOQPBCBAIO Y AKCKABAIO @D CKQ PTJKQ

Cb iostbcbaio y pudstb do kjrb `d cks tujks `d prktdaaio `djdr augpcir ck ioìab`k do cb IPA-JP-:2 (puotk :), su Hub akrrdspkoìdotd y cb IPA-JP-:< (puotk 8).

Cbs iostruaaikods akotdoi`b do dstd abptuck `dc ZDJP dstbjcdad ck gk`bci`b` `d ìsdk `dc trbzb`k y `dgkotbfd `d cks tujks bs akgk cbs rdakgdo`baikods rdcbtivbs b sus ìgdosikods (ìgdtrk dxtdrok).

Pbgjio sd ioìabo cbs iostruaaikods rdcbtivbs bc sistdgb `d gkotbfd qud pud`d sdr6

2. Gkotbfd lifk do supdrliaid:. Gkotbfd lifk dgpktrb`k1. Gkotbfd bc bird

B akotioubaio vbgks b bobcizbr cks sistdgbs `d gkotbfd rdcbtivks b cks prigdrks : sido`k dc tdradrkpdrgiti`k dxacusivbgdotd pbrb cb bcigdotbaio `d gbquiobs k dcdgdotks `d gkvici`b` rdstriohi`b.



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IOQPBCBAIO Y AKCKABAIO @D CKQ PTJKQ DO CBQ \I\IDO@BQ

Qdho cb IPA-JP:< cbs iostbcbaikods sd rdbcizbro gd`ibotd bchuoks `d cks sihuidotdssistdgbs6

2. Iostbcbaikods dgpktrb`bs6b) Abjcds biscb`ks jbfk tujk lcdxijcd.j) Abjcds biscb`ks jbfk tujk aurvbjcd.

:. Iostbcbaikods supdrliaibcds6b) Abjcds biscb`ks jbfk tujk aurvbjcd.j) Abjcds biscb`ks jbfk tujk rhi`ka) Abjcds biscb`ks jbfk abobc prktdatkrb adrrb`b.`) Abobcizbaikods prdlbjriab`bs.



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IOQPBCBAIO Y AKCKABAIO @D CKQ PTJKQ DO CBQ \I\IDO@BQAkosi`drbaikods hdodrbcds skjrd dc sistdgb `d iostbcbaio

@ds`d nbad vbriks bks dc usk `d zkobs taoiabs pkr sudck k pkr tdank doiostbcbaikods `dc sdatkr ioùstribc y tdraibrik dst guy dxtdoì`k pkr cbslbaici`b`ds qud ktkrhb b cks abgjiks y gkìliabaikods b cbs qud sudcdo dstbrsufdtbs cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs y `d tdcdakguoiabaikods `d ioùstribs y

kliaiobs.

Dstb taoiab ok sd sudcd dgpcdbr do dc sdatkr rdsi`doaibc ok pkr oiohuobrbzo dspdaibc, siok pkrqud cb trbìaio `d cbs rkzbs y cbs iostbcbaikods lifbsprigbo skjrd ktrk tipk `d taoiabs.

Cbs zkobs taoiabs `d sudck ok sko jido vistbs pkr cks prkydatistbs, pudsgkìliabrbo dc trbìaikobc sistdgb `d skcb`k `d cbs vivido`bs (jbc`ksb,pbrqudt, gkqudtb, sudcks `dakrbtivks do hdodrbc, dta.), y pratiabgdotd oksd rdbcizbo.



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IOQPBCBAIO Y AKCKABAIO @D CKQ PTJKQ DO CBQ \I\IDO@BQLbcsk tdank `d dsabykcb y rkzbs vdrtiabcds

Cbs zkobs taoiabs `d tdank yb sd dgpidzbo b uticizbr do zkobs akguods, akgk rdaiji`kr k nbcc `d dotrb`b, pbsiccks, aubrtks `djbk y bsdk, akaiobs, dta. Qd akckabo lbcsks tdanks `d dsabykcb pkr `ko`d pud`do airaucbr cijrdgdotd cks tujks `d cks ìldrdotdsairauitks y cbs iostbcbaikods `d dcdatriai`b` y tdcdakguoiabaikods.

@ds`d dc aub`rk hdodrbc `d gbo`k y prktdaaio sd pud`d baad`dr bc lbcsktdank `dc nbcc `d dotrb`b y ccdvbr tk`ks cks tujks `d cks ìldrdotdsairauitks, rdbcizbr uo lbcsk tdank rdhistrbjcd, y `ds`d bcci baad`dr b cbsìldrdotds dstboaibs `d cb vivido`b pkr dc lbcsk tdank `d cks pbsiccks kzkobs akguods.


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IOQPBCBAIO Y AKCKABAIO @D CKQ PTJKQ DO CBQ \I\IDO@BQLbcsk tdank `d dsabykcb y rkzbs vdrtiabcds


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Lbcsk tdank `d dsabykcb y rkzbs vdrtiabcds



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IOQPBCBAIO Y AKCKABAIO @D CKQ PTJKQ DO CBQ \I\IDO@BQLbcsk tdank d dsabykcb y pbodcds ioùstribcizb`ks (Ucbùr)

Cks pbodcdsioùstribcizb`ks skopcbabs `d ydsk cbgiob`k,`d lbjriabaio ioùstribc,

qud sd pud`do uticizbrpbrb bcjbicdrb iotdrikr y`dakrbaio do hdodrbc.Dotrd ktrbs vdotbfbs(biscbgidotk trgiak ybastiak) tbgjio sdakosihud kauctbr yprktdhdr iostbcbaikods

dcatriabs y `dtdcdakguoiabaikods.



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Qd pud`do akckabr `d lkrgb ìrdatb gdìbotd gbsb

`d bhbrrd, ako b`ndsivks k boacbfds.Pbgjio sd pud`d trbs`ksbr gdìbotd cb uticizbaio`d gbdstrbs gdtciabs boacb`bs bc tbjiqud kdstruaturbs butk pkrtbotds, b cbs qud sd btkroiccbocbs pcbabs.



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Cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs y `d tdcdakguoiabaikodstrbosaurriro pkr `dtrs `d cbs pcbabs `d ydsk ybaad`dro bc dxtdrikr pbrb su uticizbaio b trbvs `dkriliaiks.



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Cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs y `d tdcdakguoiabaikods

trbosaurriro pkr `dtrs `d cbs pcbabs `d ydsk ybaad`dro bc dxtdrikr pbrb su uticizbaio b trbvs `dkriliaiks.



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Cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs y `d tdcdakguoiabaikodstrbosaurriro pkr `dtrs `d cbs pcbabs `d ydsk ybaad`dro bc dxtdrikr pbrb su uticizbaio b trbvs `dkriliaiks.



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Cb iostbcbaio `d cks tujks y abobcizbaikods `djd augpcir cbs

prdsaripaikods sihuidotds6

Dc trbzb`k `d cbs abobcizbaikods sd nbr sihuido`k codbs vdrtiabcds ynkrizkotbcds k pbrbcdcbs b cbs bristbs `d cbs pbrd`ds.

+


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Cb iostbcbaio `d ckstujks y abobcizbaikods`djd augpcir cbs

prdsaripaikods sihuidotds6

Dc trbzb`k `d cbsabobcizbaikods sd nbrsihuido`k codbsvdrtiabcds ynkrizkotbcds k pbrbcdcbsb cbs bristbs `d cbspbrd`ds.

+



90/173


Qd akckabro cks rdhistrks qud sd akosi`drdo

odadsbriks qud do trbgks rdatks ok dstbrosdpbrb`ks dotrds s gs `d 24 g. Dc ogdrk`d aurvbs dotrd `ks rdhistrks ok sdrsupdrikr b 1.

Cb akodxio dotrd akoùatkrds sd rdbcizbrodo dc iotdrikr `d abfbs bprkpib`bs suprkluoì`b` sdr akgk goigk `d 05 gg.

Ok sd pdrgitir cb uoio `d akoùatkrds akodgpbcgds pkr sigpcd rdtkraigidotk, siokqud `djdr rdbcizbrsd sidgprd uticizbo`kjkrods `d akodxio, ioìviùbcgdotd k dojckquds.

+



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Do dc absk `d uticizbrsd tujks dgpktrb`ks do pbrd`ds, ds akovdoidotd`ispkodr cks rdakrri`ks nkrizkotbcds b 45* adotgdtrks akgk gxigk,

`d sudck k tdanks y cks vdrtiabcds b uob `istboaib `d cks ohucks `ddsquiobs ok supdrikr b :5 adotgdtrks.

* Cb Hub rdakgido`b 15ag



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Aubo`k cks tujks sd akckqudo do supdrliaid sd tdo`r do audotb, b`dgs, cbs

sihuidotds prdsaripaikods6

Cks tujks sd lifbro b cbs pbrd`ds k tdank pkr gdìk `d jri`bs k bjrbzb`drbsprktdhi`bs akotrbs cb akrrksio y sci`bgdotd sufdtbs. Cb ìstboaib dotrd stbs sdr,akgk gxigk, `d 5,4g. Qd ìspko`ro lifbaikods `d uob y ktrb pbrtd do cks abgjiks`d ìrdaaio, do cks dgpbcgds y do cb prkxigi`b` iogdìbtb `d cbs dotrb`bs do abfbs kbpbrbtks.

Ds akovdoidotd ispkodr cks tujks, sidgprd qud sdb pksijcd, buob bcturb `d :,4g skjrd dc sudck, ako kjfdtk `d prktdhdrcks`d dvdotubcds bks gdaoiaks.

:,4g

0.4 DFDATAIO @D CBQIOQPBCBAIKODQ @D IOPDZIKZDQ


95/173

IOQPBCBAIO YAKCKABAIO @D CKQ

PTJKQ DO CBQ \I\IDO@BQ

Hub IPA-JP-:2 Pbjcb 25



96/173

ABOBCDQ UZKPDAPKZBQ

Gbtdribc `d iostbcbaio akostitui`k pkr uo pdrlic, `d pbrd`ds ccdobs kpdrlkrb`bs, `dstiob`k b akotdodr akoùatkrds y ktrks akgpkodotdsdcatriaks, y adrrb`k pkr uob tbpb `dsgkotbjcd.(IPA-JP-52)

Cbs abrbatdrstiabs y cbs akoìaikods `d iostbcbaio `d cks ìldrdotds tujks yabobcds prktdatkrbs dsto `dsaritbs do cb IPA-JP-:2.

Cks abobcds dstbro akolkrgds b cbs okrgbs `d cb sdrid TOD-DO 455>4 y sdacbsiliabro sdho cks dstbjcdai`k do cb gisgb.

0 @IQDK HDODZBC @D CB IOQPBCBAIO @D TOB \I\[email protected]. UZIOAIUIKQ HDODZBCDQ @D @IQDK DO \I\IDO@BQ (IAP-JP-:


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Vabcks prbatiabjcds pkrtbabjcdsDc zabck akrtbabjcds ds uo abobc taoiak qud tidodcb gisgb luoaio y ìgdosikods qud uo zabckkrobgdotbc akovdoaikobc, pdrk ako cb vdotbfbbbì`b `d pdrgitir ìsaurrir pkr su iotdrikr tk`kscks sdrviaiks dcatriaks y `d tdcd-akguoiabaikods `dcbs ìldrdotds dstboaibs `d uob vivido`b.Dstbs iostbcbaikods sd `dsarijdo do dc Zdhcbgdotk

Dcdatrktaoiak pbrb Jbfb Pdosio (Z@ >0:/ :55:), dosus iostruaaikods IPA JP :5 d IPA JP :2, akgk uobabobc prktdatkrb adrrb`b. Bsigisgk, dstordhucb`ks pkr cb okrgb DO 455>4-2.Pbgjio augpcdo cbs dspdailiabaikods `dcZdhcbgdotk `d cbs Iolrbdstruaturbs Akguods `dPdcdakguoiabaikods, bprkjb`k pkr dc Z@ 052/:551.

ABOBCDQ UZKPDAPKZBQ

Gbtdribc `d iostbcbaio akostitui`k pkr uo pdrlic, `dpbrd`ds ccdobs k pdrlkrb`bs, `dstiob`k b akotdodrakoùatkrds y ktrks akgpkodotds dcatriaks, y adrrb`kpkr uob tbpb dsgkotbjcd.(IPA-JP-52)



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Vabcks prbatiabjcds pkrtbabjcdsDstd sistdgb `ktb `d uob hrbo lcdxijici`b` b cbiostbcbaio `d cks gdaboisgks dcatriaks y `dtdcdakguoiabaikods do cbs vivido`bs, tbotk b cbs `doudvb akostruaaio akgk b cbs rdnbjicitb`bs k rd-lkrgb`bs. Dstks sistdgbs augpcdo t`bs cbsokrgbtivbs `d sdhuri`b` y bptitu` b cb luoaio,biscbgidotk dcatriak, rdsistdoaib bc igpbatk y bc ludhk,

y `djdo dstbr adrtiliab`bs pkr krhboisgksokrgbcizb`krds akgk BDOKZ k dotds sigicbrds `d cbToio Durkpdb.

Dc sistdgb `d zabcks akrtbabjcds pdrgitd cbgk`iliabaio y cb bgpcibaio `d cks gdaboisgks `dakodxio y cb b`daubaio `d cb vivido`b b cbsodadsi`b`ds `d cks usubriks `d uob lkrgb laic y siokjrbs b`iaikobcds.

Tob vdz akckab`k dc zabck k rk`bpi, sd sitbo skjrddc cks gdaboisgks dcatriaks, tkgbs `d akrridotd k `dtdcdakguoiabaikods, tkgbs d tdcdvisio, d tdclkok y`d Iotdrodt, do dc cuhbr gs b`daub`k sdho cbujiabaio `d cks bpbrbtks dcatriaks k `dtdcdakguoiabaikods (P\, kr`dob`kr, dta.).

ABOBCDQ UZKPDAPKZBQ



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Vabcks prbatiabjcds pkrtbabjcdsCks gdaboisgks `d tkgbs `d akrridotd, `d tdcdvisio k`d tdcdlkob sd akckabo gdìbotd b`bptb`krds `d uoblkrgb sdoaiccb skjrd dc zabck, akodato`kck ako dcabjcd akrrdspkoìdotd.

Cb vdotbfb `d dstks sistdgbs ds qud sd pud`dogkìliabr cks gdaboisgks, abgjibrcks `d sitik,bugdotbr cks odadsbriks, dta. b`bptbo`k cb iostbcbaiob cbs dvkcuaikods chiabs qud sd prkùado b ck cbrhk `d

cb vi`b tic `d cb vivido`b= tbgjio pdrgitd dc baadsk bcbs oudvbs tdaokckhbs, dvitbo`k qud bc abjk `d uoksboks cb iostbcbaio qud`d taoiabgdotd kjskcdtb.

Do cbs gkìliabaikods ok nby qud rdbcizbr oioho tipk`d kjrb, rdùaido`k dc akstd `d cks prkydatks y `d cbskjrbs `d dfdauaio bc nbadr cbs gkìliabaikods.

Do vivido`bs ioùstribcizb`bs dc sistdgb `d zabck

akrtbabjcds dvitb cb akstksb y cbjkriksb rdbcizbaio `drkzbs, ako dc akosihuidotd bnkrrk do cb dfdauaio `d cbkjrb. Qd pud`do iostbcbr y akgjiobr ako aubcquidr tipk`d gbtdribc6 nkrgiho, cb`ricck, ydsk, dsabykcb,gb`drb, pid`rb, dta.

Ktrb vdotbfb `d cks zabcks akrtbabjcds ds qud bc oknbadr rkzbs cks gurks ok sd `djicitbo y dc biscbgidotktrgiak y bastiak pdrgbodad iotbatk.

ABOBCDQ UZKPDAPKZBQ



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Vabcks prbatiabjcdspkrtbabjcds

Dc trbzb`k `d cbs abobcizbaikodssd nbr sihuido`kprdldrdotdgdotd codbsnkrizkotbc s y vdrtiabcds kpbrbcdcbs b cbs bristbs `d cbspbrd`ds qud cigitbo bc ckabc

`ko`d sd dldatb cb iostbcbaio.

ABOBCDQ UZKPDAPKZBQ



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@ispksiaio `d cks puotks `d uticizbaiodo cbs `ildrdotds dstboaibs.

0 @IQDK HDODZBC @D CB IOQPBCBAIO @D TOB \I\IDO@BQIGJKCKHB DCAPZIAB OKZGBCIVB@B


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Ukr ck hdodrbc, cb rdprdsdotbaio `d cks dsqudgbsdo cbs vivido`bs sd nbad do dsqudgb uoilicbr dopcbotb, `ko`d sd ioìab cb situbaio `d cks

dcdgdotks k puotks `d uticizbaio.@dpdoìdo`k `dc hrb`k `d ìliauctb` `d cbiostbcbaio, odadsitbrdgks rdprdsdotbrcb akogbykr k gdokr `dtbccd.Cb rdprdsdotbaio tkpkhrliab y do pcbok `dpcbotb tbgjio sd rdbcizbr ako cb sigjkckhbuoilicbr.

0 @IQDK HDODZBC @D CB IOQPBCBAIO @D TOB \I\IDO@BDFDGUCK @D DQRTDGB PKUKHZLIAK @D TOB \I\IDO@B


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DQRTDGB PKUKHZLIAK @D TOB PKGB @D AKZZIDOPD (IPA-JP-29)


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Ubrb akckabr cbs tkgbs d akrridotd djdgks tdodr do audotb pkr ko`d pud do pbsbr cks tujks y cbs okrgbs d akostruaaio.@d `ko`d sd pud`d ccdhbr b cb akoacusio `d qud cbs tkgbs `d akrridotd `d usk hdodrbc sd `djdo doakotrbr b uob bcturb `dc sudck `d 15 ag,cbs uticizb`bs do cbs akaiobs doaigb `dc jboak `djdo dstbr b 225 ag `dc sudck y sdpbrb`bs `d cb akaiob y `dc lrdhb`drk pkr ck gdoks 45 ag,pbrb dc giarkko`bs pud`do bcabozbr uob bcturb `d 205 ag, y pbrb dc dxtrbatkr dotrd 285 y 2>5 ag `ds`d dc sudck. Buoqud cbs bcturbs

pud`do vbribr si sd akosi`drb odadsbrik.Cb iostbcbaio d cb tkgb d akrridotd qud`br d cb lkrgb sihuidotd6

Dsqudgb uoilicbr


DQRTDGB PKUKHZLIAK @D TO UTOPK @D CTV QIGUCD


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Ubrb iostbcbr cks gdaboisgks sd bakosdfb uob bcturb akgprdo`i`b dotrd >5 y 2:5 ag do hdodrbc, dxadptk do cbs abjdadrbs d cbs abgbs qudpud`d sdr `d 85 ag.Do dc sihuidotd absk sd pcbotdb akgk sd iostbcbrb uo gdaboisgk iotdrruptkr qud akodatb ks cgpbrbs akodatb`bs do pbrbcdck.Kjsdrvbr qud dc odutrk vb irdatbgdotd akodatb`k b cks puotks d cuz, gidotrbs qud cb lbsd ds iotdrrugpi`b pkr dc iotdrruptkr. Qi akokad

auc ds dc tdrgiobc gvic dc iotdrruptkr, ds dstd dc qud sd djd akodatbr b cb cgpbrb y cb lbsd sd akodatb bc lifk dc iotdrruptkr.Dc luoaikobgidotk ds dc sihuidotd6Aubo`k sd bativb dc iotdrruptkr cb akrridotd airaucb pkr cbs jkgjiccbs y dstbs sd icugiobo.Aubo`k sd dsbativb dc iotdrruptkr dfb d airaucbr cb akrridotd y cbs jkgjiccbs sd bpbhbo.Dc dsbrrkcck d cks dsqudgbs sdrb dc sihuidotd.

Dsqudgb uoilicbr


DQRTDGB PKUKHZLIAK @D TO UTOPK @D CTV AKOGTPB@K


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Aubo`k sd iostbcb do ks puotks d uob nbjitbaio cb bcturb `d cks gdaboisgks pk`r sdr `istiotb dpdo`ido`k d ko`d sd doaudotrdo cksdcdgdotks. \bribr dotrd >5 ag y 2:5 ag.Dc luoaikobgidotk ds dc sihuidotd6Aubo`k abgjibgks cb pksiaio d aubcquidrb d cks akogutb`krds sd aidrrb dc airauitk y cuad cb cgpbrb. Qi vkcvdgks b abgjibr cb pksiaio

`d aubcquidr akogutb`kr dfb d cuair cb cgpbrb.

Dsqudgb uoilicbr


DQRTDGB PKUKHZLIAK @D TO UTOPK @D CTV AKOGTPB@K AKO AZTAD


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Cb akogutb`b d ardad sd uticizb do cuhbrds qud qudrdgks akodatbr cgpbrbs ds`d trds k gs sitiks, akgk pbsiccks, k krgitkriks.Cb bcturb `d cks gdaboisgks pk`r sdr dotrd 85 ag fuotk b cbs abjdadrbs `d cbs abgbs y dotrd >5 ag y 2:5 ag pbrb dc rdstk `d sitiks.

Dsqudgb uoilicbr

Dsqudgb guctilicbr

Dc luoaikobgidotk dc airauitk sdr dc sihuidotd6Aubo`k bativbgks aubcquidrb d cks dcdgdotks (akogutb`krds k akogutb`kr d aruad)abgjib d dstb`k cb cgpbrb.Qi dsdbgks tdodr gs d trds puotks d bativbaio / `dsbativbaio, sdr suliaidotd akobb`ir tbotks akogutb`krds d aruad akgk qudrbgks.


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@IQPZIJTAIO @D CKQ AIZATIPKQ


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Do uob nbjitbaio pud`do akdxistir vbriks airauitks. Pk`bs tidodo akgk goigks cb codb A2 d icugiobaio y absi tk`ks cb A:`d tkgbs `dakrridotd d usk hdodrbc.Ukr dcck ds uob judob okrgb iostbcbr tujks istiotks pbrb ab`b uok d cks airauitks y trbtbrcks pkr sdpbrb`k.

Qio dgjbrhk do kabsikods sigpciliab guank cb rdbcizbaio pratiab d cks airauitks cb uticizbaio d uo gisgk tujk pkr dc qud airaucbo kscodbs io`dpdo idotds.To dfdgpck d dstk ds dc airauitk dc iotdrruptkr y dc doanuld6

DQRTDGB TOILICBZ @D TO PTJK AKO IOPDZZTUPKZ YTOB JBQD @D PKGB @D AKZZIDOPD

0 @IQDK HDODZBC @D CBIOQPBCBAIO @D TOB \I\IDO@B

ZDAKGDO@BAIKODQ ZDLDZDOPDQ BC


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ZDAKGDO@BAIKODQ ZDLDZDOPDQ BCHZBLIQGK @D CKQ UCBOKQ.

Do dstd bpbrtb`k sd `bo bchuobs ioìabaikods

badrab `dc hrblisgk y cb iolkrgbaio qud `djdakotdodr dc pcbok dcdatrk luoaikobc `d cbvivido`b.- @djd bpbrdadr cb ìstrijuaio `dc gkjicibrikprkpudstk do cb vivido`b.- Ioìabr dc bjbtigidotk `d cbs pudrtbs.- @istiohuir y ujiabr cks dcdatrk`kgstiaks `d cbakaiob.

- Qdbcbr cb acbsiliabaio `d vkcgdods doaubrtks `d jbk, sdho cb IPA-JP-:8 `dcZdhcbgdotk Dcdatrktaoiak pbrb Jbfb Pdosio.- Do cb akaiob, sdbcbr cks dspbaiks b 45 ag. `dclrdhb`drk y `d cb zkob `d akaaio`ko`d ok dst pdrgiti`k iostbcbr jbsdsbuxicibrds.- Ioìabr, gdìbotd uo aìhk `d akckrds k uob

ougdrbaio, b qu airauitk pdrtdodadab`b gdaboisgk y puotk `d cuz iostbcb`k.- Ioìabr hrliabgdotd qu iotdrruptkr kiotdrruptkrds baaikobo ab`b puotk `d cuz. - Qdrdakgido`b uob dsabcb goigb `d prdsdotbaio

`d 2/45.

@ispksiaio `d cks puotks `d uticizbaio do cbs ìldrdotds dstboaibs.

AKAIOB Y JBK


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AKAIOB Y JBK

Cbs iostbcbaikods dcatriabs do akaiobs y jbks rdquidrdo uobbtdoaio dspdaibc, tbotk pkr cb abrhb qud `djdro skpkrtbrcbs `drivbaikods dcatriabs qud aujrbo dstks dspbaiks, `b`k dc bctk akosugk `d bchuoks dcdatrk`kgstiaks bskaib`ks b

dccks, akgk pkr cb sdhuri`b`, yb qud cbs iostbcbaikods y sus akgpkodotds dstbro bsi`ubgdotd dxpudstks b ludotds `dabckr iotdosk, y bc dldatk `dc bhub y cb nugd`b`, dotrd ktrks lbatkrds `d ridshk.


CKABCDQ AKO JBDZB K @TANB


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Cks aubrtks `d jbk y cbs zkobs ako `uanbs sko rdbs `d bctk ridshk, pkr cb jbfb rdsistdoaib qud prdsdotb dcaudrpk nugbok aubo`k dst ngd`k k sugdrhi`k do bhub.Ukr dcck, cbs prdabuaikods qud sd nbo `d tkgbr sko guy rihurksbs, y cbs okrgbtivbs sko gs dstriatbs qudcbs qud sd bpciabo b cb gbykrb `dc rdstk `d ujiabaikods.Cb okrgbtivb skjrd dstd bspdatk ds cb IDA


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Cb IPA-JP-:8 `dliod 0

vkcgdods (5-2-:-1) sdho6

2. cbs abrbatdrstiabs `d cbùanb k jbdrb (ako k siopcbtk, ako k sio pbrd` lifb)

:. dc tipk `d ìluskr (lifk k qudpud`d `dspcbzbrsd)

Aubo`k ìsdbgks uo aubrtk`d jbk nby qud rdakoùair cbiostbcbaio dcatriab b uob `dcbs lihurbs `d cb acbsiliabaio `dcks vkcgdods.

@ispksiaio `d cks puotks `d uticizbaio do cbs ìldrdotds dstboaibs.CKABCDQ AKO JBDZB K @TANB


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CKABCDQ AKO JBDZB 6 Lihurb 2


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:15 \

:15 \:15 \/2: \

:15 \/2: \

Airauitk A4

:15 \ :15 \/15 \ AA (cd`)

:15 \/2: \ AB (nbchdobs)

Airauitk A2


Cbs tkgbs `d akrridotd `d sdhuri`b` dstoakostitui`bs pkr uo trboslkrgb`kr sdpbrb`kr y cbs


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akostitui`bs pkr uo trboslkrgb`kr sdpbrb`kr y cbsakrrdspko`idotds akodxikods, qud `bo akgkrdsuctb`k uob sdpbrbaio lsiab `d cb rd` `dbcigdotbaio. Dotrb`b :15\ sbci`b :15\ k 224\. Ukr

su pktdoaib gxigb `d :5\B ok ds bptb pbrbakodatbr, pkr dfdgpck, uo sdab`kr `d pdck. Qustdrgiobcds dsto do tdosio skck aubo`k cb acbvifbdst akodatb`b.Dstbs tkgbs sd dgpcdbo prioaipbcgdotd do cksNktdcds b vdads iotdhrb`bs do dspdfk k gudjcds `djbk


Dfdgpck `d dcdatriliabaio `d cks jbk Hub IPA-JP-:4


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Dfdgpck `d dcdatriliabaio `d cks jbk (`uanb y jbdrb)


AKAIOB


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Cbs akaiobs sko, ako sdhuri`b`, cks dspbaiks qud dotrbbo uob gbykr akgpcdfi`b` b cbnkrb `d akosi`drbrcks pbrb dc ìsdk hckjbc `d uob iostbcbaio dcatriab `kgdstiab.

Do prigdr cuhbr, aubcquidr akaiob `djd akotbr ako `ks`drivbaikods dcatriabs io`dpdoìdotds cb uob `d cb ktrb, ab`buob `d cbs aubcds ìspko`r `d su rdspdativb abfb `dìstrijuaio situb`b do dc iotdrikr k dc dxtdrikr `d cb akaiob,pdrk sidgprd qud sdb pksijcd dgpktrb`bs do dc tbjiqud kgurk `d abrhb gs adrabok b cb pudrtb `d baadsk, augpcido kako dc rdquisitk `d kptigizbaio `d cks rdaursks y dspbaiksìspkoijcds.

Tob `d cbs `drivbaikods dstbr `dstiob`b b aujrir cbsodadsi`b`ds `d bcigdotbaio `d nkroks y lkhkods (do dc absk`d akaiobs dcatriabs), y `d ktrks dcdatrk`kgstiaks sigicbrds=cb ktrb prkpkraikobr tkgbs `d akrridotd y bcigdotbr cbsludotds `d icugiobaio qud sd dstigdo kpkrtuobs. Qkjrd dstk,ds rdakgdo`bjcd qud bc gdoks uob `d cbs ludotds `d cuz sdbpktdotd y `d jbfk akosugk, `b`k qud dstbrdoadoì`b judobpbrtd dc tidgpk qud pbsdgks do oudstrb akaiob.

Pbgpkak `djdgks kcvi`br cb abgpbob dxtrbatkrb, qudrdqudriruob tkgb `d akrridotd dxacusivbgdotd `dstiob`b bbcigdotbr dc gktkr `d dxtrbaaio `d nugks y cb jkgjiccb akocb qud lrdaudotdgdotd dsto dquipb`bs.Qdrb i`dbc qud puìrbgks prdvdr ako botdcbaio auotkspuotks `d cuzodadsitbroudstrb akaiob, yqu dquipbgidotks`dsdbrdgks ioakrpkrbr do dc luturk b ìank dspbaik. Pbgjiods bctbgdotd rdakgdo`bjcd ioakrpkrbr bchuoks `d cks ctigksbvboads do ìspksitivks `d sdhuri`b`, tbcds akgk `dtdatkrds`d nugk, bhub k hbs.


AKAIOB


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Qdho ck io`iab`k do cb cb Pbjcb : `d cb IPA-JP-:4 Cbs tkgbs `d akrridotd doaigb `dc pcbok `dtrbjbfk sd akckabro ludrb `d uo vkcugdo `dcigitb`k pkr cks pcboks vdrtiabcds situb`k b 45ag `dclrdhb`drk y `d cb doaigdrb `d akaaio k akaiob.

AKAIOB



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Bcturb bakosdfb`bs `d iostbcbaio `ds`d dcsudck `d cks puotks `d uticizbaio y airauitk`d pdrtdodoaib.

AKAIOB



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AKAIOBHub IPA-JP-:4

AKAIOBKtrks sistdgbs `d iostbcbaio `d tkgbs `d akrridotd

Do cuhbr `d iostbcbr guctipciab`krds (cb`rkods) do cks doanulds dxistd sistdgbs


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Do cuhbr d iostbcbr guctipciab`krds (cb`rkods) do cks doanulds, dxistd sistdgbs`d tkgbs gctipcds guanks gs pratiaks, sdhurks y dsttiaks .



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@KZGIPKZIK

Do cbs nbjitbaikods y cks `krgitkriks pbsbgks uob hrbo pbrtd `d oudstrk tidgpk, yb sdb `urgido`k, `dsabosbo`k krdbcizbo`k aubcquidr ktrb bativi`b` qud `dsddgks gbotdodr b sbcvk `d cb auriksi`b` `d cks `dgs nbjitbotds `d cbvivido`b


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vivido`b.Cks `krgitkriks rdprdsdotbo kbsis `d iotigi`b` y trboquici`b`, skjrd tk`k do bqudccks nkhbrds do cks qud cbs bativi`b`dslrdotiabs `d cks oiks, cbs gbsaktbs y/k cbs visitbs rdaurrdotds `d tdradrks `iliauctbo dc rdpksk do cbs dstboaibs `d usk

akgo y akgpbrti`k.

@KZGIPKZIK


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Cks `krgitkriks ok sudcdo akotbr ako dcdatrk`kgstiaks `d hrbo pktdoaib, ako ck aubc ck oiak qud `djdrdgks tdodr do audotb ds cb ujiabaio `dcb abfb `d ìstrijuaio dcatriab, qud rdakgdo`bgks dst dcdvb`b, b uoks 15 ag `dc tdank y dgpktrb`b do dc dxtdrikr `d ab`b `krgitkrik, situb`bck gs adrab pksijcd `d su pudrtb `d baadsk prioaipbc.Ds igpkrtbotd qud do uo `krgitkrik, bc ihubc qud kaurrd ako cbs dstboaibs `d aidrtbs ìgdosikods, sd audotd ako ìstiotks iotdrruptkrds, bc gdoksuok `d cks aubcds (`ks k gs, si sd trbtb `d uob nbjitbaio gbtrigkoibc k akgpbrti`b) `djdr ujiabrsd adrab `d cb abjdadrb `d cb abgb, y ktrk bc

cb`k `d cb pudrtb `d dotrb`b, prdldrijcdgdotd do dc iotdrikr `d cb dstboaib. Ukr dcck, ds guy rdakgdo`bjcd qud botds `d rdbcizbr cb iostbcbaio sd`dai`b cb ujiabaio liobc `d cb abgb y `d cks ìstiotks gudjcds ako cks qud akotbr ab`b `krgitkrik.Qido`k cbs nbjitbaikods dspbaiks qud akotbro bc gdoks ako `ks iotdrruptkrds pbrb cb gisgb ludotd `d icugiobaio, sd nbad igprdsaioìjcdakotbr ako akogutb`krds qud pdrgitbo cb bativbaio k dc akrtd `d sugioistrk dcatriak `d sdo`ks iotdrruptkrds `d gbodrb io`dpdoìdotd ysdpbrb`b, dvitbo`k qud sd prkùzab uob fdrbrquizbaio dotrd bgjks, sidgprd gkcdstb y ìlaic `d skcvdotbr b pkstdrikri, uob vdz tdrgiob`b cb

iostbcbaio.

@KZGIPKZIK


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Zdspdatk b cbs tkgbs `d akrridotd odadsbribs do uo `krgitkrik, dstbs `dpdo`dro ìrdatbgdotd `dc usk bc qud sd `dstiod dc gisgk b pbrtd `dcrdpksk y dc `dsabosk. Akgk goigk, ab`b gdsitb `d okand `djdrb akotbr ako uob tkgb `d akrridotd, qud sdakgpcdgdotbrako bc gdoks ktrbgs situb`b bc cb`k `dc brgbrik prioaipbc k dc dsaritkrik, y b sdr pksijcd uob tdradrb fuotk b cb pudrtb `d dotrb`b, pbrb aujrir cbs dvdotubcdsodadsi`b`ds d bcigdotbaio dcatriab pbrb ndrrbgidotbs d cigpidzb (bspirb`krbs, dta.) y ktrks dosdrds.Acbrkdstqud aubotks gs dcdatrk`kgstiaks y ìspksitivks sd prdtdo`bo iotdhrbr do uo `krgitkrik, gbykr ogdrk `d tkgbs `d akrridotd sdodadsitbr. Tob vdz gs, nbjdr rdbcizb`k uob akrrdatb pcboiliabaio `d cb iostbcbaio dcatriab oks bnkrrbr tdodr qud ciìbr ako dstd tipk `d

igprdvistks, tdoido`k qud ioakrpkrbr b oudstrk isdk krihiobc ilaicds bìaikods `d uctigb nkrb.

@KZGIPKZIK - Hub IPA-JP:4


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QBCO Y AKGD@KZCks akgd`krds y sbckods kaupbo uo cuhbr adotrbc do cb abtdhkrb `d cks dspbaiks `d usk akgo. Qio dgjbrhk, sus rdquisitks do ck qud biostbcbaikods dcatriabs sd rdlidrd ok sko gbykrds qud cks `d aubcquidr `krgitkrik.Akgk kaurrd ako dstks, do uo akgd`kr tbgjio `djdgks pdosbr do cb akoardaio `d ìstiotks iotdrruptkrds do ìldrdotds cuhbrds `d cb dstboaib,dotrd cks aubcds ioìsautijcdgdotd `djdo dstbr cks adraboks b cbs pudrtbs `d baadsk y, ako gdokr dxihdoaib, cks bcabozbjcds `ds`d dc sklk cb


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gdsb prioaipbc, sio tdodr odadsi`b` d cdvbotbroks.Qkjrd cbs tkgbs `d akrridotd, `djdrdgks tdodr prdvistbs tk`bs cbs odadsi`b`ds, batubcds y luturbs, b cbs qud `djdro nbadr lrdotd oudstrbsiostbcbaikods dcatriabs do sbckods y akgd`krds6 dquipks `d gsiab, kr`dob`krds, tdcdviskrds, prkydatkrds, sistdgbs nkgd aiodgb, bctbvkads...

`djdrdgks pdosbr do cks usks qud tdo`r ab`b tkgb `d akrridotd pbrb iostbcbr, adrab `d dccb, dc rdstk `d akgpkodotds odadsbriks pbrb dcakrrdatk usk `d ab`b ìspksitivk6 tkgbs `d botdob pbrb rbìk y tdcdvisio, puotks `d akodxio b Iotdrodt y rd`ds ckabcds, dta.Ok dst `d gs qud pdosdgks do ioakrpkrbr, b`dgs `d cks ìspksitivks nbjitubcds ako cks qud audotb aubcquidr sbco k akgd`kr, ktrksakgpkodotds `d hrbo utici`b` akgk `dtdatkrds `d nugk d ioadoìks, k ioacusk jbcizbs `d akrtdsb.

QBCO Y AKGD@KZ - Hub IPA-JP:4


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DQUBAIKQ @D TQK AKGO6 NBCC, UBQICCK, HBZBHDQDo dstd bpbrtb`k pk`dgks nbjcbr `d rdaiji`krds, nbccs, pbsiccks y hbrbfds, dotrd ktrks. Pk`ks dccks `djdro ioakrpkrbr cbs gd`i`bs `dsdhuri`b` b`daub`bs6 pkr dfdgpck, do dc absk `d cks hbrbfds cks oivdcds `d prktdaaio IU d IM `d cks `istiotks akgpkodotds `d cbiostbcbaio dcatriab `djdro dstbr b cb bcturb `d cks pdcihrks y bgdobzbs b qud sd nbccdo dxpudstks. Ukr ck hdodrbc, bc trbtbrsd `ddspbaiks ako uob bctb lrdaudoaib `d usk pdrk do cks aubcds ok pbsbgks guank tidgpk uo sistdgb `d icugiobaio qud prigd ck dsttiak


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dspbaiks ako uob bctb lrdaudoaib `d usk pdrk do cks aubcds ok pbsbgks guank tidgpk, uo sistdgb `d icugiobaio qud prigd ck dsttiakbotd ck luoaikobc (dxadptk do hbrbfds y absks sigicbrds) sdrcb huio`b ako cb qud rdgbtbrdgks uob iostbcbaio dcatriab sdoaiccb pdrkguy bhrb`dai`b.

Dsk s, `djdgks rdakr`br ioakrpkrbr bc gdoks uob tkgb `d akrridotd b cbdotrb`b `d cb vivido`b, prdvdr cb akckabaio `d `ispksitivks akgk tigjrds ybcbrgbs, y bb`ir uob tkgb `d akrridotd pkr ab`b trds k aubtrk gdtrksaub`rb`ks `d supdrliaid (pdosbo`k do lbaicitbr cbs tbrdbs `d cigpidzb, pkrdfdgpck).

DQUBAIKQ @D TQK AKGO6 NBCC, UBQICCK, HBZBHDQ


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DOPZB@B

DQUBAIKQ @D TQK AKGO6 DOPZB@B, \DQPJTCK, HBZBHDQ


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\DQPJTCK


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DQUBAIKQ @D TQK AKGO6 NBCC, UBQICCK, HBZBHDQ

HBZBFD6 ABQBQ TOILBGICIBZDQ

Ds rdakgdo`bjcd prdvdr cbs tkgbs `d akrridotds


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Ds rdakgdo`bjcd prdvdr cbs tkgbs `d akrridotdsb`daub`bs do dc absk `d qud sd iostbcd cb zkob `dcbvbo`drb do dc hbrbfd. Pbgjio sdrb akovdoidotd

prdvdr, aubo`k odadsbrik, uob dstbaio `d abrhbpbrb vdnaucks dcatriaks.



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DC Zdbc @dardtk 10


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ZP\

ZDHIQPZKQQDATO@BZIKQ

ZDAIOPK @DPDCDAKGTOIABAIKODQ

ZDHIQPZK @D UBQK

ZDHIQPZK @D PKGB @D JBQD@D BAADQK PDZGIOBC (JBP)

ZDHIQPZK DOCBADIOLDZIKZ

BZRTDPB @D DOPZB@B


Cks QDZ\IAIKQ qud sd rdhucbo pbrb qud cks usubriks pud`bo baad`dr b dccks sko6

IOLZDQPZTAPTZB AKGO @D PDCDAKGTOIABAIKODQ


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Abptbaio, b`bptbaio y ìstrijuaio `d cbs sdbcds `d rbìkìlusio skokrb y tdcdvisio tdrrdstrd y pkr sbtcitdZ-P\ , QBP.

Baadsk b cks Qdrviaiks d tdcdlkob ispkoijcd bc pjciak (QP@U)(tdclkok lifk). Baadsk b cks sdrviaiks `d tdcdakguoiabaikods `d jbo`b boanb PJB (Iotdrodt B@QC k luturbs `dokgiobaikods).

Dc prkpidtbrik `dc iogudjcd ds rdspkosbjcd `d cb rdbcizbaio `dc prkydatk `d cb IPA.

Cks akgpkodotds qud lkrgbo pbrtd `d cb IPA iostbcb`ks do dc iotdrikr d cb vivido`b sko6

Pbgjio `dokgiob`b JBP

(Abjcdb`k)



Dc ZPZ (Zdhistrk `d Pdrgiobaio `d Zd`) ds dc


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( h )akofuotk lkrgb`k pkr dc Dovkcvdotd qud akotidodcks ìldrdotds UBT(ZP\, lijrb ptiab y tdcdlkob).Do dc Z.@. sd dstbjcdado cbs ìgdosikods b`giti`bs yuoiliab`bs qud okrgbcgdotd ds `d 455x5. Qdsudcd iostbcbr do prkxigi`b` dc aub`rk dcatriak.Dstbro do dc iotdrikr `d cb vivido`b, ckabc, kliaiob kdstboaib akgo `d cb dìliabaio y dgpktrb`ks do cbpbrd` y do gkotbfd supdrliaibc aubo`k sdb gdìbotdabobc= ìspko`ro `d cbs dotrb`bs odadsbribs pbrb cbabobcizbaio sdauo`brib y cbs `d iotdrikr `d usubrikqud baad`bo b dccks



B dstd UBT ccdhbo 1 tujks `d :4gg ìrdatks `dc Zdhistrk Qdauo`brik `d Ucbotb. @dotrk sd doaudotrbo vbriks ìspksitivksdcdatroiaks (pbrb P\, Pdclkok, Abjcd, ::5\, dta...). @d dstb abfb pbrtd ìrdatbgdotd 2 tujk `d :5gg (QIO DGUBCGDQ) nbstb ab`b


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dcdatroiaks (pbrb P\, Pdclkok, Abjcd, ::5\, dta...). @d dstb abfb pbrtd `irdatbgdotd 2 tujk `d :5gg (QIO DGUBCGDQ) nbstb ab`btkgb liobc do ab`b nbjitbaio / dstboaib `d cb vivido`b. (ds `dair, pbrro tbotks tujks `d :5gg akgk tkgbs `d P\, PDC y ABJCDtdohbgks do dc iotdrikr `d cb vivido`b.



B dstd UBT ccdhbo 1 tujks `d :4gg `irdatks `dcZ i t Q ` i ` Uc t @ t


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Zdhistrk Qdauo`brik `d Ucbotb. @dotrk sddoaudotrbo vbriks ispksitivks dcdatroiaks (pbrb P\,Pdclkok, Abjcd, ::5\, dta...). @d dstb abfb pbrtd

ìrdatbgdotd 2 tujk `d :5gg (QIO DGUBCGDQ)nbstb ab`b tkgb liobc do ab`b nbjitbaio / dstboaib`d cb vivido`b. (ds `dair, pbrro tbotks tujks `d:5gg akgk tkgbs `d P\, PDC y ABJCD tdohbgks dodc iotdrikr `d cb vivido`b.

Cb abobcizbaio Iotdrikr \ivido`b pud`d ìsaurrir

pkr dc sudck (ds akgpbtijcd ako dc sudck rbìbotd)


Cks rdhistrks `d pbsk (ZU) sko abfbs ako dotrb`bs cbtdrbcds prd ioiaib`bs d ihubcds do sus aubtrk pbrd`ds,b cbs qud sd pk`ro bakpcbr akoks bfustbjcds guctiìgdtrk pbrb dotrb`b `d tujks. Qd `dliodo trds tipks


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Zdhistrk `d pbsk `d tipk A pbrb dctdoì`k `d cks abjcds `d tdcdlkob yZP\.

`d cbs sihuidotds ìgdosikods goigbs, ogdrk `d dotrb`bs goigbs `d ab`b cbtdrbc y ìgdtrk `d cbs

dotrb`bs6

Qd b`gitir uo gxigk `d `ks aurvbs `d okvdotb hrb`ks dotrd `ksrdhistrks `d pbsk (ìstboaib gxigb 24g), pdrk rdspdtbo`k qud su

rbìk `d aurvbturb ok prkùzab b su vdz do ck abjcds, rbìks `d

aurvbturb ioldrikrds b : ag.


Abobcizbaio iotdrikr `d usubrik


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Ds cb qud skpkrtb cb rd` iotdrikr `d usubrik,akodatb cks rdhistrks `d tdrgiobaio `d rd`

y cks rdhistrks `d tkgb. Do dccb sd iotdrabcbocks rdhistrks `d pbsk (`d tipk A) qud skocks dcdgdotks qud lbaicitbo dc tdo`i`k `dcks abjcds `d cb rd` iotdrikr `d usubrik.


PIUKQ @D AKOD^IKODQ B CB JBO@B BOANB (PJB)

Dc sdrviaik `d tdcdakguoiabaikods `d Jbo`b Boanb


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pud`d sdr sugioistrb`k ako ìldrdotds tdaokckhb ysu dcdaaio `dpdo`d `d cb akgpbb `dakguoiabaikods qud hdstikob cb rd`.

Ds cb lbgicib `d tdaokckhbs akgodgdotdakokai`bs akgk "B@QC" y qud prkvddo baadsk bIotdrodt `d jbo`b boanb b trbvs `d cb rd`tdcdloiab trbìaikobc, ds `dair b trbvs `d abjcds`d pbrds `d akjrd. Dstbs rd`ds buoqud sko guyakguods, tidodo cgitds do aubotk b cb vdckai`b`gxigb y ìstboaib `d akjdrturb, pkr ck qud dsto

vio`ksd prkhrdsivbgdotd sustitui`bs pkr rd`dsjbsb`bs do lijrb ptiab ako gdfkrds abrbatdrstiabspbrb cb trbosgisio `d `btks b bctb vdckai`b` y bcbrhbs istboaibs.

x@QC





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Abjcd k NLA (Njri`k Lijrb Akbxibc)Dstbs tdaokckhbs sd jbsbo do abjcds akbxibcds pbrbprkvddr baadsk b Iotdrodt. Do Dspbb dstbs rd`ds okdsto akgpudstbs dxacusivbgdotd pkr abjcds akbxibcdssiok qud tbgjio uticizbo lijrb ptiab do sus trbgkstrkoabcds, pkr ck qud sd akokado akgk rd`ds njri`bs`d lijrb ptiab y abjcd (NLA).

Abjcd lijrb ptiab Abjcd akbxibc





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Lijrb ptiab nbstb dc nkhbrCb lijrb ptiab ds uo gdìk `d trbosgisio ako guyjudobs abrbatdrstiabs do aubotk b bctb abpbai`b` y

jbfb btdoubaio, ck qud ck nbad uo gdìk iòdk pbrbsdr uticizb`k do cbs rd`ds `d tdcdakguoiabaikods,pdrgitido`k dovibr hrbo`ds aboti`b`ds `d `btks bcbrhbs ìstboaibs.Cbs rd`ds purbs `d lijrb ptiab dsto akgpudstbsdotdrbgdotd pkr abjcds `d lijrb ptiab, pkr ck qudtbgjio sko `dokgiob`bs akgk rd`ds `d lijrb nbstb dcnkhbr, do iohcs, Lijdr Pk Pnd Nkgd (LPPN).

Abjcd lijrb ptiab

ZP\

ATBO@K UZD\IQPB



C i t ` t c c t c f c j `


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Cks rdhistrks `d tkgb sko cks dcdgdotks qud bckfbo cbs jbsds `dbaadsk tdrgiobc (JBP), k tkgbs `d usubrik, qud pdrgitdo bc usubrikdldatubr cb akodxio `d cks dquipks tdrgiobcds `d tdcdakguoiabaio kcks g`ucks `d bjkob`k ako cb IAP, pbrb baad`dr b cks sdrviaiksprkpkraikob`ks pkr dccb.


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Jbsds dcatriabs fuotk b cbs tkgbs d tdcdakguoiabaikods

GTY IGUKZPBOPD6Pdoido`k do audotb dc Zdhcbgdotk Dcatriak `d Jbfb Pdosio (ZDJP6 IPA-JP-:4) y dc Zdbc @dardtk `d Pdcdakguoiabaikods Z.@.


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h f ( ) y052/:551 sd `dsprdo`d qud bc cb`k (b gdoks `d :5ag) `d uob tkgb `d P\/QBP `djd nbjdr : jbsds `d doanuld (jbsdgctipcd) qud akotbr b dldatks `dc ogdrk `d puotks `d uticizbaio `d cb tbjcb 2 `d cb IPA-JP-:4 akgk uob skcb jbsd. Fuotk

b cbs tkgbs `d tdclkok k tbpbs aidhbs (rdsdrvb pbrb PCAB) `djd nbjdr akgk goigk uob jbsd `d doanuld.Zdsugido`k6Bc cb`k `d uob tkgb `d P\ (b gdoks `d :5ag) `djd nbjdr : jbsds `d doanuld (jbsd gctipcd).Bc cb`k `d uob tkgb `d Pdcdlkob (b gdoks `d :5ag) `djd nbjdr 2 jbsd `d doanuld (jbsd sigpcd).Bc cb`k `d uob tkgb `d PCAB/Zdsdrvb (b gdoks `d :5ag) `djd nbjdr 2 jbsd `d doanuld (jbsd

sigpcd).


Jbsds dcatriabs fuotk b cbs tkgbs d tdcdakguoiabaikods

GTY IGUKZPBOPD6Pdoido`k do audotb dc Zdhcbgdotk Dcatriak `d Jbfb Pdosio (ZDJP6 IPA-JP-:4) y dc Zdbc @dardtk `d Pdcdakguoiabaikods Z.@.


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h f ( ) y052/:551 sd `dsprdo`d qud bc cb`k (b gdoks `d :5ag) `d uob tkgb `d P\/QBP `djd nbjdr : jbsds `d doanuld (jbsdgctipcd) qud akotbr b dldatks `dc ogdrk `d puotks `d uticizbaio `d cb tbjcb 2 `d cb IPA-JP-:4 akgk uob skcb jbsd. Fuotk

b cbs tkgbs `d tdclkok k tbpbs aidhbs (rdsdrvb pbrb PCAB) `djd nbjdr akgk goigk uob jbsd `d doanuld.Zdsugido`k6Bc cb`k `d uob tkgb `d P\ (b gdoks `d :5ag) `djd nbjdr : jbsds `d doanuld (jbsd gctipcd).Bc cb`k `d uob tkgb `d Pdcdlkob (b gdoks `d :5ag) `djd nbjdr 2 jbsd `d doanuld (jbsd sigpcd).Bc cb`k `d uob tkgb `d PCAB/Zdsdrvb (b gdoks `d :5ag) `djd nbjdr 2 jbsd `d doanuld (jbsd

sigpcd).

QBCO Y AKGD@KZ


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Cb iostbcbaio `d uo tdcdviskr do cb pbrd` rdquidrd uo btdotbpcboiliabaio yb qud cks gs rdaidotds tidodo akodxio bIotdrodt qud, pbrb akotdoi`ks N@, prdlidrdo uo abjcd `d rd` b cbXi-Li.


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QGJKCK JBQDQ @D BAADQK PDZGIOBC (JBP)


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Cbs `dsihobaikods sd pud`do uticizbr pbrb `istiohuir cks tipks `d tkgb6

Z-P\

QBP

QP@U + PJB( Dtndrodt ZF04)

BLOQUE 1.- ELECTRICIDAD - 3 DISEÑO INST ELECTRICA.pptx

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