Class 18: Pronombres y adjetivos posesivos

Clase 18: Pronombres personales, objetivos, posesivos, reflexivos y adjetivos posesivos

En ingls, al igual que en espaol, los pronombres varan dependiendo de si estn en el Sujeto (pronombre personal) o en el predicado o complemento (pronombre objetivo) de la oracin.

El pronombre personal yo, en ingls I, va siempre con mayscula.

Ver lista a continuacin:

Pronombre personalPronombre complementos

I

(yo)me

(m, me)

you

(Ud., t, vos)you

(ti, te, a vos, a Ud.)

he

(l)him

(lo, le, a l)

she

(ella)her

(la, le, a ella)

it

(l, ella, ello) Neutroit

(lo) Neutro

we

(nosotros)us

(nos, a nosotros)

you

(ustedes, vosotros)you

(los, les, os, a Uds., a vosotros)

they

(ellos)them

(los, les, a ellos)

Nota: Los pronombres personales ingls deben estar siempre presentes. En espaol, en cambio, pueden estar ausentes dado que, a menudo, la conjugacin del verbo indica la persona que realiza la accin*.

YOU puede traducirse como T, VOS, o USTED (en singular) y VOSOTROS o USTEDES (en plural), dependiendo del contexto que se encuentre.

Ejemplos:

I love Peter.

*Amo a Pedro.

You love Ann.

T amas a Ana.

He loves Susan.

l ama a Susana.

She loves Tom.

Ella ama a Toms.

We love our cat.

Amamos a nuestro gato.

You love your mother.

Ustedes aman a su madre.

They love Jane.

Ellos aman a Jane.

Peter loves me

Pedro me ama.

Ann loves you.

Ana te ama.

Susan loves him.

Susana lo ama.

Tom loves her.

Toms la ama.

Our cat loves us.

Nuestro gato nos ama.

Your mother loves you.

Su madre los ama.

Jane loves them.

Jane los ama.

Traduzca estas oraciones:

1. I want to see her but she doesnt want to see me.2. Hes talking to you. Please, listen to him.

3. I want those books. Please, give them to me.

4. Who is that lady? Why are you looking at her? 5. They love me and I love them.

6. Mother wants to give us a present for our anniversary.

7. Its late. Take me to the station, please.

8. Peter is here. Tell him to start working.

9. Where are the car keys? I cant find them. 10. They want the money. Please, give it to them. Adjetivos y pronombres posesivos.

I ( my ( mine

you ( your ( yours

he ( his ( his

she ( her ( hers

it ( its ( its

we ( our ( ours

you ( your ( yours

they ( their ( theirs

Its my life. Its mine

Es mi vida. Es mia.

Thats your car. Its yours.

Aquel es tu auto. Es tuyo.

This is his problem. Its his.

Este es su problema. Es suyo.

This is her book. Its hers.

Este es su libro. Es suyo.

This is its food. Its its.

Esta es su comida. Es suya.

Those are our shoes. They are ours.

Aquellos son nuestros zapatos. Son nuestros

This is your car. Its yours.

Este es vuestro/ su auto. Es vuestro/ de ustedes.

Thats their house. Its theirs.Aquella es su casa. Es suya/ de ellos.

Traduzca estas oraciones:1. This is my book. Its not yours. 2. Those shoes are not Peters. They are mine. (Aquellos zapatos no son de Pedro. Son mos.)

3. Whose is this car? Its ours.

4. That is Marys sandwich. It is hers. 5. That money is yours and this is ours. 6. Is this his shirt? 7. They know our telephone number, but we dont know theirs. 8. Ann gave me her umbrella because I didnt have mine. 9. This is a nice camera. Is it ours? 10. My house is smaller* than hers. (*Ver Clase 21)

Pronombres reflexivos:

Se usan para indicar que la accin realizada recae sobre el mismo sujeto que la realiza.

I ( myself

You ( yourself

He ( himself

She ( herself

We ( ourselves

You ( yourselves

They ( themselves

I comb myself. Me peino (a m misma*).

You comb yourself. Tu te peinas (a ti mismo).

He combs himself. l se peina (a s mismo).

She combs herself. Ella se peina (a s misma).

We comb ourselves. Nosotros nos peinamos (a nosotros mismos).

You comb yourselves. Ustedes se peinan (a ustedes mismos).

They comb themselves. Ellos se peinan (a s mismos).

*Nota: a mi/si/nosotros/ustedes mismo/a/os/as es un refuerzo pleonstico, que en espaol no es necesario y suena redundante.

Traduzca estas oraciones:

1. I cut myself with a piece of glass yesterday. 2. She looks at herself in the mirror all day.

3. He listened to himself on the radio.

4. They washed themselves in the lake.

5. The cat licks itself every day.

6. We had to commit ourselves to this cause.

7. Did they pay for themselves or did you pay for them?

8. Be careful not to burn yourself with that hot plate!

9. We enjoyed ourselves a lot at his party.

10. She fell off the horse but didnt hurt herself.

EACH OTHER

Se usa para indicar reciprocidad, o sea, cuando las personas hacen algo entre s.

Ejemplos:

I love him and he loves me. We love each other. Yo lo amo y l me ama. Nos amamos.

We understand each other. Nosotros nos entendemos.

Jane writes to her mother every week. Her mother writes to Jane. They write to each other. Jane le escribe a su madre todas las semanas. Su madre le escribe a Jane. Ellas se escriben entre s*.

We couldnt talk to each other at the meeting. No pudimos hablarnos en la reunin.

*refuerzo pleonstico no-redundante.

Traduzca estas oraciones:

1. They spoke to each other again after their fathers burial. 2. We didnt see each other at school yesterday. 3. They give each other presents for Saint Valentines day. 4. I speak English to Mary and she speaks Spanish to me. However, we understand each other when we speak slowly. 5. Jack and I always help each other when we need it. 6. My friend in England and I send each other e-mails frequently. 7. What can they expect from each other when they are arguing all the time? 8. They made promises to each other before departing.