[email protected] INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACION Y CAPACITACION DE TELECOMUNICACIONES,...

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INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACION Y CAPACITACION DE TELECOMUNICACIONES, INICTEL-UNI

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Protocolo deProtocolo deenrutamientoenrutamiento

Protocolo RIPProtocolo RIPProtocolo OSPFv2Protocolo OSPFv2

Profesor Daniel Díaz AtaucuriProfesor Daniel Díaz AtaucuriProfesor Titular de Telecomunicaciones

Universidad Nacional de IngenieríaUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

http://[email protected]@gmail.com

Lima, Enero– Diciembre de 2014

Protocolo deProtocolo deEnrutamientoEnrutamientoRIPv1/RIPv2RIPv1/RIPv2

IntroducciónIntroducción Formato de RIPv1Formato de RIPv1 Formato de RIPv2Formato de RIPv2 Caso de estudioCaso de estudio ConfiguraciónConfiguración RedistribuciónRedistribución

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RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol, Junio 1988

RFC 1723 RIP version 2, Noviembre 1994

RFC 2453 RIP version 2, Noviembre 1998

INTRODUCCIÓN ALPROTOCOLO RIP

INTRODUCCIÓN ALPROTOCOLO RIP

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INTRODUCCION AL PROTOCOLO RIP

RIP presenta dos versiones: RIPv1 y RIPv2►RIPv1 Es un protocolo de enrutamiento con clase.

►RIPv2 Es un protocolo de enrutamiento sin clase.

RIP difunde su tabla de enrutamiento completa acada router vecino en intervalos de 30 segundos ► Dirección MAC=FF FF FF FF FF FF

RIP utiliza el algoritmo Vector Distancia.

RIP utiliza como métricamétrica el número de saltos.►Máximo número de saltos en un trayecto (path) es 15. Mayores a 15 saltos es inalcanzable.

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RIPv1 – vs – RIPv2

RIPv1 envía sus actualizaciones en broadcast:255.255.255.255

RIPv2 permite autenticación: texto plano ocifrado MD5.

RIPv2 envía sus actualizaciones en multicast:224.0.0.9

RIP es capaz de equilibrar las cargas hasta en seis rutas deigual costos, siendo cuatro rutas la cantidad por defecto.

RIP es capaz de equilibrar las cargas hasta en seis rutas deigual costos, siendo cuatro rutas la cantidad por defecto.

RIPv1 y RIPv2 se encapsulan en UDP.►En puerto utilizado es el 520.

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TEMPORIZACION DEL PROTOCOLO RIP

RIP emplea temporizadores para mejorar surendimiento.►Routing-update timer Inicialmente 30 seg. Intervalo entre las actualizaciones de tabla de enrutamiento.

►Route-timeout timer ó Hold down en 180 seg. Cada entrada tiene un route-timeout asociado. Cuando expira, la ruta es señalada como inválida y la métrica se configura con 16; pero no es borrada de la tabla de enrutamiento.

►Route-flush timer Inicialmente en 240 seg Cuando expira el route-timeout, se borrará la entrada de la tabla de enrutamiento cuando expira el route-flush timer.

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ACTUALIZACIONES SINCRONIZADAS

Cuando los routers envían actualizaciones al mismotiempo, se puede producir colisiones, retardos y gran consumo de ancho de banda.►El envío de actualizaciones al mismo tiempo se denomina sincronización de actualizaciones.►RIP puede experimentar problemas ya que envía actualizaciones periódicas.

Cual es la solución.►Para evitar la sincronización de actualizaciones, se considera una variable RIP_JITTER (usado por el IOS de cisco); cuyo valor fluctúa entre 0% a 15%. De este modo el intervalo de actualización varía entre 25 a 30 seg. en lugar de los 30 seg.

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FORMATO DELPROTOCOLO RIPFORMATO DEL

PROTOCOLO RIP

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FORMATO DEL PROTOCOLO RIPv1

Comando: Indica si el paqueteRIP es de requerimiento orespuesta.►Requerimiento (1) pregunta a un router por el envío total o parcial de su tabla de enrutamiento.

►Respuesta (2) puede ser una actualización de enrutamiento no solicitada o en respuesta a un requerimiento.

Version: Indica versión delprotocolo RIP. Está en 1.Métrica

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

Dirección IP

Address Family 00 00

Métrica

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

Dirección IP

Address FamilyIdentifier

00 00

Comando Versión 00 00

0 8 16 31

RIPv1

Máx

imo

25 p

or p

aqu

ete

RIP

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Address Family IdentifierAFI.►Especifica la familia de dirección usada. RIP está diseñado para llevar información de enrutamiento de varios tipos de protocolos.

Dirección IP: Indica la dirección IP de entrada.

►AFI está en 2 para IP.

Métrica: Indica cuantosrouters atraviesa RIP.►El valor está entre 1 a 15.

Métrica

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

Dirección IP

Address Family 00 00

Métrica

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

Dirección IP


00 00


0 8 16 31

RIPv1

Máx

imo

25 p

or p

aqu

ete

RIP

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Métrica

Salto siguiente

Máscara de subred

Dirección IP

Address Family Route Tag

Métrica

Salto siguiente

Máscara de subred

Dirección IP


Route Tag


0 8 16 31

RIPv2Comando: Indica si el paqueteRIP es de requerimiento orespuesta.

Version: Indica la versióndel protocolo RIP.

Address Family IdentifierAFI.►Es similar al RIPv1, con una excepción►Si el AFI de la primera entrada está en FFFFh, el resto de las entradas contiene información de autenticación.

Máx

imo

25 p

or p

aqu

ete

RIP

http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/pdfrfc/rfc2453.txt.pdf

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Métrica

Salto siguiente

Máscara de subred

Dirección IP

Address Family Route Tag

Métrica

Salto siguiente

Máscara de subred

Dirección IP


Route Tag


0 8 16 31

RIPv2Route tag: Permite distinguirentre rutas internas (reconocida por RIP) y rutasexternas (por otros Protocolos EGP).

Dirección IP: Indica el prefijode red de entrada.

Máscara de Subred: Contiene la máscara desubred de entrada.

Métrica: Cuantos routers atraviesa RIP.

FORMATO DEL PROTOCOLO RIPv2http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/pdfrfc/rfc2453.txt.pdf

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ENCAPSULAMIENTO DEL PROTOCOLO RIPv2

Métrica

Salto siguiente

Máscara de subred

Dirección IP

AFI Route Tag

Comando VersiónDominio de

enrutamiento

Longitud de Mensaje Suma de Chequeo

Puerto de Origen0208H = 520

Puerto de Destino0208H = 520

0 8 16 31

Dirección IP de Destino

Dirección IP de Origen

TTLProtocolo11H = 17

Suma de Chequeo

Identificador Indicador/Desplazam.

Ver HLEN ToS Longitud Total

MACDestino

MACOrigen

Tipo0800H

Datos

Trama Ethernet

.

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ANALISIS DEL PROTOCOLO RIPv1

Lo0:172.16.15.1/16

RIP v1

R2

R3

R1S0/1.42

S0/0.221

S0/1.222

S0/0.61

10.2.2.220/30

20.3.3.40/30

S0/0.41

30.4.4.60/30

S0/1.62

40.5.5.28/30Fa0/0.29

Lo2:172.32.6.7/16

Lo1:132.2.4.7/16

RedRed

Paquetes RIPv1

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00 00 00 01

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

14 00 00 00

00 02 00 00

00 00 00 02

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

0A 00 00 00

00 02 00 00

02 01 00 00

0 8 16 31

Red

10.

0.0.

0 M

étri

ca 2

Red

20.

0.0.

0 M

étri

ca 1

00 00 00 01

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

84 02 00 00

00 02 00 00

00 00 00 01

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

1E 00 00 00

00 02 00 00

Red

30.

0.0.

0 M

étri

ca 1

Red

132

.2.0

.0 M

étri

ca 1

00 00 00 02

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

AC 20 00 00

00 02 00 00

00 00 00 02

00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

AC 10 00 00

00 02 00 00

Red

172

.16.

0.0

Mét

rica

2R

ed 1

72.3

2.0.

0 M

étri

ca 2

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RIP v2

R6

R4

R5

40.5.5.28/30 Fa0/1.30

50.6.6.68/30

S0/1.69

S0/0.70

S0/0.205

S0/1.206

60.7.7.204/30

70.8.8.4/30

S0/1.6

S0/0.5

Lo4:201.1.1.5/25

Lo5:192.168.1.9/26

Lo3:210.7.1.8/32

RedRed

Paquetes RIPv2

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00 00 00 01

00 00 00 00

FF FF FF FC

3C 07 07 CC

00 02 00 00

00 00 00 01

00 00 00 00

FF FF FF FC

32 06 06 44

00 02 00 00

02 02 00 00

0 8 16 31

Red

50.

6.6.

68 M

étri

ca 1

Red

60.

7.7.

204

Mét

rica

1

00 00 00 02

00 00 00 00

FF FF FF C0

C0 A8 01 00

00 02 00 00

00 00 00 02

00 00 00 00

FF FF FF FC

46 08 08 04

00 02 00 00

Red

70.

8.8.

4 M

étri

ca 2

Red

192

.168

.1.0

Mét

rica

2

00 00 00 01

00 00 00 00

FF FF FF FF

D8 07 01 08

00 02 00 00

00 00 00 02

00 00 00 00

FF FF FF 80

C9 01 01 00

00 02 00 00

Red

201

.1.1

.0 M

étri

ca 2

Red

210

.7.1

.8 M

étri

ca 1

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CONFIGURACIÓN DEPROTOCOLORIPv1/RIPv2

CONFIGURACIÓN DEPROTOCOLORIPv1/RIPv2

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CONFIGURACION BASICA

Configurar RIPv1:►Activar el protocolo RIPv1: router rip►Anunciar redes: network <dirección de red>

Configurar RIPv2 en R4►Activar el protocolo RIPv2:

►Especificar la versión 2:

►Anunciar redes:

router rip

version 2

network <dirección de red>

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EJEMPLO DE CONFIGURACIÓN RIPv2

Ra Re

Rb Rc

Rd

PC1

PC2

PC3

PC4

200.1.1.0/26

200.1.1.64/26

200.1.1.128/26

200.1.1.192/26

40.1.2.0/30 40.1.2.4/3040.1.2.8/30

40.1.2.12/30

40.1.2.16/3040.1.2.20/30

.1

.2 .5 .6 .10

.9

.13

.14.17

.18

.21

.22.1.2

.65

.129

.193

.130

.66

.194

Fa1/0

Fa1/1

Fa1/1

Fa1/0

Fa2/0

Fa2/1

Fa1/0 Fa1/1

Fa1/1

Fa1/0

Fa1/0

Fa1/1

Fa2/0

Fa2/0

Fa2/0F

a2/0

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Tablas de enrutamiento inicial:►Router Ra


Ra#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 200.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0Ra#

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Tablas de enrutamiento inicial:►Router Rb

Rb#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0Rb#


Para borrar la tabla de enrutamiento:

Rb#clear ip route *

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Tablas de enrutamiento inicial:►Router Rc


Rc#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 200.1.1.64 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 40.1.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1Rc#

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Tablas de enrutamiento inicial:►Router Rd


Rd#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 200.1.1.192 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1Rd#

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Tablas de enrutamiento inicial:►Router Re


Re#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 200.1.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 40.1.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0Re#

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Configurando RIPv2: Routers Ra y RbRa>Ra>enableRa#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Ra(config)#router ripRa(config-router)#version 2Ra(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Ra(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Ra(config-router)#exitRa(config)#

Ra>Ra>enableRa#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Ra(config)#router ripRa(config-router)#version 2Ra(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Ra(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Ra(config-router)#exitRa(config)#

Rb>Rb>enableRb#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Rb(config)#router ripRb(config-router)#version 2Rb(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Rb(config-router)#exitRb(config)#

Rb>Rb>enableRb#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Rb(config)#router ripRb(config-router)#version 2Rb(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Rb(config-router)#exitRb(config)#

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Configurando RIPv2: Routers Rc y RdRc>Rc>enableRc#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Rc(config)#router ripRc(config-router)#version 2Rc(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Rc(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Rc(config-router)#exitRc(config)#

Rc>Rc>enableRc#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Rc(config)#router ripRc(config-router)#version 2Rc(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Rc(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Rc(config-router)#exitRc(config)#

Rd>Rd>enableRd#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Rd(config)#router ripRd(config-router)#version 2Rd(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Rd(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Rd(config-router)#exitRd(config)#

Rd>Rd>enableRd#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Rd(config)#router ripRd(config-router)#version 2Rd(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Rd(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Rd(config-router)#exitRd(config)#

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Re>Re>enableRe#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Re(config)#router ripRe(config-router)#version 2Re(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Re(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Re(config-router)#exitRe(config)#

Re>Re>enableRe#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Re(config)#router ripRe(config-router)#version 2Re(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0Re(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0Re(config-router)#exitRe(config)#

Configurando RIPv2: Router Re

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UN DETALLE: “SUMMARY”

Desde Ra como llega a 200.1.1.64/26Ra# show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 200.1.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1Ra#

Ra# show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 200.1.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:25, FastEthernet1/1Ra#

Aquí se ve a las redes200.1.1.64, 200.1.1.128y 200.1.1.192 como sifuera la red 200.1.1.0

Salto siguiente 40.1.2.14

Ra#clear ip route * Borra la tabla de enrutamiento.

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UN DETALLE: “SUMMARY”

Desde Rd como llega a 200.1.1.0/26Rd#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 200.1.1.192/26 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:05, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:05, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:22, FastEthernet2/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:22, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1Rd#



200.1.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 200.1.1.192/26 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:05, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:05, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:22, FastEthernet2/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:22, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1Rd#

Aquí se ve a las redes200.1.1.0, 200.1.1.64,y 200.1.1.128 como sifuera la red 200.1.1.0

Salto siguiente 40.1.2.13

POSIBLEBUCLE!!

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SOLUCIÓN: DESACTIVAR “SUMMARY”

Ra>enableRa#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with NTL/Z.Ra(config)#router ripRa(config-router)#no auto-summaryRa(config-router)#exitRa(config)#

Rb>enableRb#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with NTL/Z.Rb(config)#router ripRb(config-router)#no auto-summaryRb(config-router)#exitRb(config)#

Rc>enableRc#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with NTL/Z.Rc(config)#router ripRc(config-router)#no auto-summaryRc(config-router)#exitRc(config)#

Rd>enableRd#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with NTL/Z.Rd(config)#router ripRd(config-router)#no auto-summaryRd(config-router)#exitRd(config)#

Re>enableRe#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with NTL/Z.Re(config)#router ripRe(config-router)#no auto-summaryRe(config-router)#exitRe(config)#

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ANALIZANDO NUEVAMENTE Ra”

Desde Ra como llega a 200.1.1.64/26Ra#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masksR 200.1.1.192/26 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.128/26 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.64/26 [120/2] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0C 200.1.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:06, FastEthernet1/1Ra#

Ra#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masksR 200.1.1.192/26 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.128/26 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.64/26 [120/2] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0C 200.1.1.0/26 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/2] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.14, 00:00:06, FastEthernet1/1Ra#

Aquí se ve a las redes200.1.1.64, 200.1.1.128y 200.1.1.192 de maneraindependiente!!!!.

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ANALIZANDO TABLAS DE ENRUTAMIENTO

Tabla de enrutamiento del Rb:Rb# show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 200.1.1.192 [120/1] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:14, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.128 [120/2] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:14, FastEthernet2/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 200.1.1.64 [120/1] via 40.1.2.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 200.1.1.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.1, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/1] via 40.1.2.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.12 [120/1] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:14, FastEthernet2/0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.1, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:17, FastEthernet2/0Rb#

Rb# show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 200.1.1.192 [120/1] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:14, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.128 [120/2] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:14, FastEthernet2/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 200.1.1.64 [120/1] via 40.1.2.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 200.1.1.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.1, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/1] via 40.1.2.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.12 [120/1] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:14, FastEthernet2/0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.1, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.17, 00:00:17, FastEthernet2/0Rb#

La redes LAN están detalladas.Se observa el balanceo decarga hacia: 200.1.1.128

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Tabla de enrutamiento del Rc: Rc#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 200.1.1.192 [120/2] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.128 [120/1] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0C 200.1.1.64 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 40.1.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.12 [120/2] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:13, FastEthernet1/0Rc#

Rc#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 200.1.1.192 [120/2] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.128 [120/1] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0C 200.1.1.64 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 40.1.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.12 [120/2] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.5, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.20 [120/1] via 40.1.2.9, 00:00:13, FastEthernet1/0Rc#


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Tabla de enrutamiento del Rd:Rd#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 200.1.1.192 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.128 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.64 [120/2] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:00, FastEthernet2/1R 200.1.1.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:00, FastEthernet2/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:00, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1Rd#



200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 200.1.1.192 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.128 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.64 [120/2] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:00, FastEthernet2/1R 200.1.1.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 40.1.2.8 [120/1] via 40.1.2.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1C 40.1.2.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.0 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:00, FastEthernet2/1 [120/1] via 40.1.2.13, 00:00:24, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.18, 00:00:00, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/1C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1Rd#


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Tabla de enrutamiento del Re:Re#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 200.1.1.192 [120/1] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0C 200.1.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.64 [120/1] via 40.1.2.10, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 40.1.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.12 [120/1] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.10, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.10, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0Re#

Re#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


200.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 200.1.1.192 [120/1] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0C 200.1.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0R 200.1.1.64 [120/1] via 40.1.2.10, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1R 200.1.1.0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 40.1.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.12 [120/1] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0R 40.1.2.0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0 [120/2] via 40.1.2.10, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.4 [120/1] via 40.1.2.10, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1R 40.1.2.16 [120/1] via 40.1.2.21, 00:00:22, FastEthernet1/0C 40.1.2.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0Re#

La redes LAN están detalladas.

show ip protocols►Muestra el protocolo de enrutamiento configurado y sus parámetros.

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INTERFAZ PASIVA

R2

R3

R1S0/1.42

S0/0.221

S0/1.222

S0/0.61

22

.2.2

.22

0/3

0

20.3.3.40/30 S0/0.41

30.4.4.60/30S0/1.62

Servidor200.1.1.4/24

Envíoactualizaciones?

Fa0/0.1

Se debe anunciar la red200.1.1.0 donde está el servidor, para que seaaccedido externamente.No se debe enviar al servidoractualizaciones. Para que??

R1#debug ip rip ; permite ver actualizaciones según se genere.

R1(config)# router rip

R1(config-router)# exitR1(config-router)# passive-interface fastethernet 0/0

R1(config)#

R1(config-router)# network 200.1.1.0R1(config-router)# network 22.2.2.220R1(config-router)# network 20.3.3.40

R1(config-router)# version 2

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PROPAGACIÓN DE RUTA POR DEFECTO50.5.5.0/30

50.5.5.4/30

50.5.5.8/30

50.5.5.12/30

.1 .2

.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14

.1 .260.6.6.0/30

200.2.2.0/24

200.2.3.0/24

.1.2

.1.2

.1 .2

210.10.10.0/24

R1 R2

R3 R4

R6R5

PC1

PC2 PC3

R5#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/1] via 50.5.5.9, 00:00:01, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.4 [120/1] via 50.5.5.14, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0C 50.5.5.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/1] via 60.6.6.2, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.9, 00:00:01, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.14, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0 60.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 60.6.6.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R5#

R5#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/1] via 50.5.5.9, 00:00:01, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.4 [120/1] via 50.5.5.14, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0C 50.5.5.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/1] via 60.6.6.2, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.9, 00:00:01, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.14, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0 60.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 60.6.6.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R5#

R4#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.5, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R4#

R4#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.5, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R4#

R3#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R3#

R3#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1R3#

R2#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.4 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.1, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R2#

R2#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.4 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.1, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/1R2#

R1#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.4 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R1#

R1#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.4 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:11, FastEthernet0/1R1#

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50.5.5.4/30

50.5.5.8/30

50.5.5.12/30

.1 .2

.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14

.1 .260.6.6.0/30

200.2.2.0/24

200.2.3.0/24

.1.2

.1.2

.1 .2

210.10.10.0/24

R1 R2

R3 R4

R6R5

PC1

PC2 PC3

Redes anunciadas

RIP

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PROPAGACIÓN DE RUTA POR DEFECTO

default-information originate►Permite que el router propague la ruta estática por defecto, en las actualizaciones RIP.

50.5.5.0/30

50.5.5.4/30

50.5.5.8/30

50.5.5.12/30

.1 .2

.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14

.1 .260.6.6.0/30

200.2.2.0/24

200.2.3.0/24

.1.2

.1.2

.1 .2

210.10.10.0/24

R1 R2

R3 R4

R6R5

PC1

PC2

PC3

R5#configure terminalR5(config)#router ripR5(config-router)#default-information originate

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50.5.5.4/30

50.5.5.8/30

50.5.5.12/30

.1 .2

.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14

.1 .260.6.6.0/30

200.2.2.0/24

200.2.3.0/24

.1.2

.1.2

.1 .2

210.10.10.0/24

R1 R2

R3 R4

R6R5

PC1

PC2 PC3

R2#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.4 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R2#

R2#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.4 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 50.5.5.10, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1R2#

R1#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.4 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R1#

R1#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsC 50.5.5.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.4 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/1R1#

R4#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.5, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R4#

R4#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 50.5.5.8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/2] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/1] via 50.5.5.5, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 50.5.5.13, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R4#

R3#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R3#

R3#show ip route 50.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnetsR 50.5.5.0 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1C 50.5.5.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 50.5.5.12 [120/1] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 210.10.10.0/24 [120/3] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/4] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1C 200.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 60.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 50.5.5.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R3#

R6#show ip route

R 50.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1C 210.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/3] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/3] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1 60.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 60.6.6.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1R6#

R6#show ip route

R 50.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1C 210.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 200.2.2.0/24 [120/3] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1R 200.2.3.0/24 [120/3] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1 60.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 60.6.6.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 60.6.6.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1R6#

Desde RI, R2, R3, R4 y R6 se podrá ir a cualquier red, debido que sus tablas tiene la red 0.0.0.0

Observar que R5 falta adicionar: no- auto-summary De allí que aparezca en R1, R2, R3 y R4: 60.0.0.0/8

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50.5.5.4/30

50.5.5.8/30

50.5.5.12/30

.1 .2

.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14

.1 .260.6.6.0/30

200.2.2.0/24

200.2.3.0/24

.1.2

.1.2

.1 .2

210.10.10.0/24

R1 R2

R3 R4

R6R5

PC1

PC2 PC3

RIP

Redes anunciadas

Ruta pordefecto

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Habilitado con RIPv2

PC4R760.6.6.4/30

.5

.6

220.20.20.0/24

.1 .2

Enrutamientoestático


50.5.5.4/30

50.5.5.8/30

50.5.5.12/30

.1 .2

.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14

.1 .260.6.6.0/30

200.2.2.0/24

200.2.3.0/24

.1.2

.1.2

.1 .2

210.10.10.0/24

R1 R2

R3 R4

R6R5

PC1

PC2 PC3

R5#configure terminalR5(config)#router ripR5(config-router)#default-information originate

R5#configure terminalR5(config)#ip route 220.20.20.0 255.255.255.0 60.6.6.6R5(config)#exit

►De R1 a R6 tienen la ruta por defecto►“Todos” saben llegar a R5

►Cuando se llegue a R5, la tabla estática indicará 220.20.20.0

R7(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 60.6.6.5

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REDISTRIBUCIÓN ESTÁTICA (1)

R1R2

R3 R4

R5

R6

R7

R8

20.1.1.4/30

20.1

.1.0

/30 20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30 20.1.1.16/3021.2.2.0/30

21.2.2.4/30

21.2.2.8/30

200.1.1.0/25

200.1.1.128/25

215.5.5.0/24

.2

.1.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14 .17

.18 .9

.10

.5

.6

.1 .2.1

.1

.130

.2

PCa

PCb

PCc

20.1.1.20/30

.21

.22.2

Fa0/0

Fa0

/1

Fa0

/0

Fa1/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/1

Fa0/

1

Fa0/

0

Fa0/1 Fa0/0

Fa1/0 Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/0

Fa1/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0.129

ip route 215.5.5.0 255.255.255.0 21.2.2.1

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 21.2.2.2ip route 200.1.1.0 255.255.255.128 21.2.2.6

ip route 200.1.1.128 255.255.255.128 21.2.2.10

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 21.2.2.5

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 21.2.2.9

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R1R2

R3 R4

R5

R6

R7

R8

20.1.1.4/30

20.1

.1.0

/30 20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30 20.1.1.16/3021.2.2.0/30

21.2.2.4/30

21.2.2.8/30

200.1.1.0/25

200.1.1.128/25

215.5.5.0/24

.2

.1.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14 .17

.18 .9

.10

.5

.6

.1 .2.1

.1

.130

.2

PCa

PCb

PCc

20.1.1.20/30

.21

.22.2

Fa0/0

Fa0

/1

Fa0

/0

Fa1/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/1

Fa0/

1

Fa0/

0

Fa0/1 Fa0/0

Fa1/0 Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/0

Fa1/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0.129

R1#show ip route

C 21.2.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 215.5.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 21.2.2.2R1#

R7#show ip route

C 21.2.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 200.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 21.2.2.5R7#

R8#show ip route

C 21.2.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 200.1.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 21.2.2.9R8#

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R1R2

R3 R4

R5

R6

R7

R8

20.1.1.4/30

20.1

.1.0

/30 20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30 20.1.1.16/3021.2.2.0/30

21.2.2.4/30

21.2.2.8/30

200.1.1.0/25

200.1.1.128/25

215.5.5.0/24

.2

.1.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14 .17

.18 .9

.10

.5

.6

.1 .2.1

.1

.130

.2

PCa

PCb

PCc

20.1.1.20/30

.21

.22.2

Fa0/0

Fa0

/1

Fa0

/0

Fa1/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/1

Fa0/

1

Fa0/

0

Fa0/1 Fa0/0

Fa1/0 Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/0

Fa1/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0.129

R2#show ip route

R 21.2.2.4 [120/2] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0C 21.2.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 21.2.2.8 [120/2] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 20.1.1.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1R 20.1.1.16 [120/1] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0R 20.1.1.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 20.1.1.1, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 20.1.1.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/1S 215.5.5.0/24 [1/0] via 21.2.2.1R2#

R3#show ip route

R 21.2.2.4 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1R 21.2.2.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0R 21.2.2.8 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 20.1.1.20 [120/1] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.16 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0C 20.1.1.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.12 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1R3#

R4#show ip route

R 21.2.2.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/1R 21.2.2.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:07, FastEthernet1/0R 21.2.2.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/1 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 20.1.1.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 20.1.1.16 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:07, FastEthernet1/0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.5, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.12 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:07, FastEthernet1/0C 20.1.1.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R4#

R5#show ip route

R 21.2.2.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0R 21.2.2.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1R 21.2.2.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 20.1.1.20 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.4 [120/2] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1R 20.1.1.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 20.1.1.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0R5#

R6#show ip routeC 21.2.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 21.2.2.0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/0C 21.2.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 20.1.1.20 [120/1] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/0C 20.1.1.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 20.1.1.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.12 [120/1] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 2 subnetsS 200.1.1.128 [1/0] via 21.2.2.10S 200.1.1.0 [1/0] via 21.2.2.6R6#

No se indicacomo llegar a todas las LAN

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Observar que nose anuncia las LAN

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R1R2

R3 R4

R5

R6

R7

R8

20.1.1.4/30

20.1

.1.0

/30 20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30 20.1.1.16/3021.2.2.0/30

21.2.2.4/30

21.2.2.8/30

200.1.1.0/25

200.1.1.128/25

215.5.5.0/24

.2

.1.5 .6

.9

.10

.13

.14 .17

.18 .9

.10

.5

.6

.1 .2.1

.1

.130

.2

PCa

PCb

PCc

20.1.1.20/30

.21

.22.2

Fa0/0

Fa0

/1

Fa0

/0

Fa1/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/1

Fa0/

1

Fa0/

0

Fa0/1 Fa0/0

Fa1/0 Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa1/0

Fa1/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0.129R5(config)#router ripR5(config-router)#redistribute static

R5(config)#router ripR5(config-router)#redistribute static

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REDISTRIBUCIÓN ESTÁTICA (6)R2#show ip routeR 21.2.2.4 [120/2] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0C 21.2.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 21.2.2.8 [120/2] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 20.1.1.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1R 20.1.1.16 [120/1] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0R 20.1.1.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/1 [120/1] via 20.1.1.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 20.1.1.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/1 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 200.1.1.128 [120/2] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:15, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:11, FastEthernet1/0R 200.1.1.0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.22, 00:00:17, FastEthernet1/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.14, 00:00:12, FastEthernet1/0S 215.5.5.0/24 [1/0] via 21.2.2.1R2#

R3#show ip routeR 21.2.2.4 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1R 21.2.2.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0R 21.2.2.8 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 20.1.1.20 [120/1] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.16 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0C 20.1.1.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.12 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 200.1.1.128 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1R 200.1.1.0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.6, 00:00:03, FastEthernet0/1R 215.5.5.0/24 [120/1] via 20.1.1.2, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0R3#

R4#show ip routeR 21.2.2.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/1R 21.2.2.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/0R 21.2.2.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/1 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC 20.1.1.20 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 20.1.1.16 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.5, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.12 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:00, FastEthernet1/0C 20.1.1.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 200.1.1.128 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R 200.1.1.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.10, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1R 215.5.5.0/24 [120/1] via 20.1.1.21, 00:00:02, FastEthernet1/0R4#

R5#show ip routeR 21.2.2.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0R 21.2.2.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/1R 21.2.2.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 20.1.1.20 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.4 [120/2] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/1R 20.1.1.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.12 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 20.1.1.8 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 200.1.1.128 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0R 200.1.1.0 [120/1] via 20.1.1.18, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0R 215.5.5.0/24 [120/1] via 20.1.1.13, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/1R5#

R6#show ip routeC 21.2.2.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R 21.2.2.0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0C 21.2.2.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsR 20.1.1.20 [120/1] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0C 20.1.1.16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R 20.1.1.4 [120/1] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.0 [120/2] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0R 20.1.1.12 [120/1] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/1C 20.1.1.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 200.1.1.0/25 is subnetted, 2 subnetsS 200.1.1.128 [1/0] via 21.2.2.10S 200.1.1.0 [1/0] via 21.2.2.6R 215.5.5.0/24 [120/2] via 20.1.1.17, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1 [120/2] via 20.1.1.9, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0

Si se indicacomo llegara las LAN

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Observar que SIse anuncia las LAN,debido a la redistribución

Porque no se observa el anuncio de la LAN 215.5.5.0/24 ?

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R5

R3

R4

R6

R7

R8 PCb

110.2.3.0/24

R1

PC1192.168.1.0/24

192.168.1.2 210.1.1.2 192.168.1.2 210.1.1.2192.168.1.3 210.1.1.3192.168.1.3 210.1.1.3

192.168.1.4 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.63

210.1.1.4 210.1.1.14 210.1.1.4 210.1.1.14

192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254

210.1.1.15 210.1.1.15

TABLA DE NAT Activar servidor DHCP.Cuando una de las PC soliciteuna dirección IP dinámica,ésta se asignará en el rango:

Activar servidor DHCP.Cuando una de las PC soliciteuna dirección IP dinámica,ésta se asignará en el rango:

192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254

Nota: Considere las interfaces que estime conveniente

R2

PC2192.168.1.0/24

UNI

UNMSM

VLSM 0VLSM 1

VLSM 2

VLSM 3

VLSM

4

VLSM

5

VLSM 6

VLSM 7

VLSM 8

VLSM 9

Nota: En un enlace WAN, asigne la dirección IP adecuada a cada interfaz dentro del rango establecido

192.168.1.2 220.2.2.2 192.168.1.2 220.2.2.2192.168.1.3 220.2.2.3192.168.1.3 220.2.2.3

192.168.1.4 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.63

220.2.2.4 2202.2.14 220.2.2.4 2202.2.14

192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254

220.2.2.15 220.2.2.15

TABLA DE NAT



192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.254

Enlace WAN60.50.40.0/24

PUCP

RIPv2

EJERCICIO: IMPLEMENTAREJERCICIO: IMPLEMENTAR

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BIBLIOGRAFIA

RFC 2453 RIP version 2Noviembre de 1998.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1058.txt

Routing Information Protocol, Autor CISCOhttp://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/rip.pdf

RFC 1058 Routing Information ProtocolJunio de 1988.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1058.txt

RFC 2082 MD5 Authenticationhttp://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2082.txt


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Profesor Daniel Díaz AtaucuriProfesor Daniel Díaz AtaucuriProfesor Titular de Telecomunicaciones

Universidad Nacional de IngenieríaUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

http://[email protected]@gmail.com

Lima, Enero– Diciembre de 2014

Protocolo deProtocolo deEnrutamientoEnrutamiento

OSPFv2OSPFv2

IntroducciónIntroducción Formato de OSPFv2Formato de OSPFv2 Caso de estudioCaso de estudio ConfiguraciónConfiguración Redistribución estáticaRedistribución estática Redistribución con RIPRedistribución con RIP

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CONFIGURACIÓN DEPROTOCOLO

OSPFv2


OSPFv2

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ASPECTO BÁSICO DEL PROTOCOLO OSPF

Definido por laIETF en la RFC 2328, de Abril-98.

► Se define 05 tipos de paquetes o mensajes.► Lectura obligada.

► Se encapsula en IPencapsula en IP con protocolo=59h.

Características más importante:► Velocidad de convergencia.► Soporte de VLSM.

► Grandes redes IP: Áreas. Enrutamiento jerárquico.

► Mejor uso del ancho de banda.

► Se define “costos”.

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ASPECTO BÁSICO DEL PROTOCOLO OSPF

TIPO DE MESAJES OSPF FUNCIÓN

Hello Es utilizado por un nodo para conocer los nodos adyacentes que soportan OSPF.

DataBase Description (DBD) Incluye una lista abreviada de la base de datos de estado de enlace del router emisor.

Link State Request (LSR) Los routers receptores solicitan información adicional acerca de una entrada en la DBD enviando un paquete LSR.

Link State Update (LSU) Se genera como respuesta al paquete LSR y se usa para responder las LSR y para anunciar nueva información.

Link State Ack (LSA) Cuando un router recibe un paquete LSU, responde enviando un paquete LSA para confirmar la recepción de LSU.

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La clave de OSPF es el intercambio de estados.

CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL PROTOCOLO OSPF

Los routers vecinos deben conocerse entre si.►Se hace uso del paquete HELLO.►Se envía periódicamente a la dirección multicast IP 224.0.0.5

HELLO

Dirección IP 224.0.0.5

►Direcc. MAC multicast: 01-00-5E-00-00-05

El estado de enlace es la descripciónde una interfaz y de su relación con los routers vecinos: dirección IP, máscarade subred, tipo de red conectada, etc.

El estado de enlace es la descripciónde una interfaz y de su relación con los routers vecinos: dirección IP, máscarade subred, tipo de red conectada, etc.

Crea una basede datos

topológicas

RouterLlamado tambiénBase de datos deEstado de Enlace

OSPF origina que cada routers conozca de maneracompleta toda la red de su área.

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REDES DE ÁREA ÚNICASISTEMA AUTÓNOMO

AREA 0

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REDES MULTIAREASSISTEMA AUTÓNOMO

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OBSERVACIONES AL ESTADO DE ENLACE Los routers con estado de enlace requieren másmemoria y potencia de procesamiento, que unrouter con vector-distancia.

Para reducir la base de datos topológica es necesario dividir la red en áreas.► El Área 0 es denominada también Área Backbone y en ella se conectan las demás áreas.

Al inicio del proceso se debe inundar la red con mensajeLSA, puede degradar la red.

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FORMATO DELPROTOCOLO

OSPFv2

FORMATO DELPROTOCOLO

OSPFv2

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FORMATO DEL PROTOCOLO OSPF

Campo Versión:► Indica la versión del protocolo OSPF, Versión 2.

► Tipo 1: Hello► Tipo 2: DataBase Description-DBD

► Tipo 3: Link-State Request-LSR

► Tipo 4: Link-State Update-LSU

► Tipo 5: Link-State Acknowledgement-LSA

Campo Tipo:Indica el tipo de mensaje que encapsula OSPF.

Formato del tipo dePaquete OSPF

Suma de Chequeo Tipo de Autenticación

ID del Área

ID del Router

Versión TipoLongitud del

paquete

Autenticación P

roto

colo

OS

PF

0 8 16 31




Suma de Chequeo



Cab

ecer

a IP

v4


0 8 16 31



Suma de Chequeo



Cab

ecer

a IP

v4



ID del Área

ID del Router


paquete

Autenticación P

roto

colo

OS

PF

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0 8 16 31



Suma de Chequeo



Cab

ecer

a IP

v4



ID del Área

ID del Router


paquete

Autenticación P

roto

colo

OS

PF

Campo Longitud del paquete:► Indica longitud del paquete OSPF, incluyendo la cabecera OSPF.

Campo ID del Router:► Indica el ID del router que originó en paquete OSPF. Normalmente cada router escoge como ID la IP mayor entre las IP activas y la loopback si esta está activa.

Campo ID del Área:► Indica el área en el que se originó el paquete OSPF.

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0 8 16 31



Suma de Chequeo



Cab

ecer

a IP

v4



ID del Área

ID del Router

Versión Tipo

Autenticación

Longitud delpaquete

Pro

toco

lo O

SP

F

Campo Suma de Chequeo:► Verifica todo el contenido del paquete OSPF, excluyendo el campo de autenticación.Campo Tipo de Autenticación:► Indica el tipo de autenticación a usar en el paquete. Se configura por áreas. La RFC 2328 define dos tipos de autenticación: - 0 Ninguna - 1 Password de 64 bits, texto. - 2 Autenticación MD5.Campo Autenticación:► Campo de 64 bits, contiene la información de autenticación.

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ANÁLISIS DELPROTOCOLO

OSPFv2

ANÁLISIS DELPROTOCOLO

OSPFv2

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Lista de vecino

Router Designado de Reserva (BDR)

Router Designado (DR)

Intervalo de Dead Router

Intervalo de Hello OpciónPrioridadde Router

Máscara

Pro

toco

lo H

EL

LO

FORMATO DEL PAQUETE HELLO


ID del Área

ID del Router

Versión Tipo=1

Autenticación

Longitud delpaquete

0 8 16 31

Pro

toco

lo O

SP

F

(Pag. 193 de la RFC 2328)

Paquetes Hello son paquetesOSPF tipo 1.

► Son enviados periódicamente a todas las interfaces (incluyendo los loopback) para definir/mantener los vecinos. Elige el DR/DBR

► En segmentos multiacceso sin multiacceso sin broadcastbroadcast-NBMA,es cada 30seg.

► En segmentos multiaccesomultiacceso y puntopunto a puntoa punto, el mensaje HELLO se envían cada 10seg10seg (IP 224.0.0.5)

► En segmentos multiacceso y punto a punto, si no llega un

un mensaje HELLO en 40 seg. se considera el router vecino caído .

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En la figura, R1, R2 y R3 están conectados a través de enlaces punto a punto. Por lo tanto, no ocurre la elección de DR/BDR.

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Lista de vecinos





Máscara

Pro

toco

lo H

EL

LO


Campo Máscara.► Es la máscara de la red asociada con la interfaz emisora.

Campo Intervalo de Hello.► Define la frecuencia en seg. con que un router envía un paquete Hello.

Campo de Opción:DN O DC L NP MC E No

usado

► Usado para la elección de un router DR o BDRCampo Prioridad de Router:

► Si este campo está en 0, el router nunca será seleccionado como DR o BDR. Por defecto este campo está en 1.


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Campo Intervalo DeadRouter.► Número en segundos antes de declarar caído. Por default es cuatro (04) veces del campo Intervalo de Hello.



Lista de vecinos





Máscara

Pro

toco

lo H

EL

LO

Campo de Router Designado (DR):► Identifica a un router dentro de un sistema autónomo. Es la dirección IP más alta de sus interfaces. Es utilizado para seleccionar el router DR.Campo de Router Designado de Respaldo (BDR):► Selecciona el router BDR (cuando no escucha LSA desde el DR)Lista de vecinos► Enumera la ID del router OSPF de los routers vecinos.

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00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00

89 2D 00 00

00 00 00 02

48 48 48 22

02 01 00 2C

Pro

toco

lo O

SP

F

0 8 16 31

E0 00 00 05

D0 03 03 01

01 59H 00 BD

04 D3 00 00

4 5 C0 00 4C

Cab

ecer

a IP

v4

00 00 00 00

D0 03 03 01

00 00 00 28

00 0A 12 01

FF FF FF 00

Pro

toco

lo H

EL

LO

IP

OSPF

Hello

Router BDR 0.0.0.0

Router DR 208.3.3.1Intervalo Dead Router 40 seg.

Prioridad de router 1

Intervalo de Hello 10 seg.

Máscara 255.255.255.0Versión 2

Tipo 1 (Hello)Longitud 2C=44

ID Router 72.72.72.34

ID Area 0.0.0.2Suma de Chequeo 892D


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OSPFv2


OSPFv2

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Área 1 Área 2

Área 0

R1

10.2.3.4/30 20.1.71.8/30

40.1.0.4/30

40.1.0.8/30

ASPECTOS DE CONFIGURACIÓN (1/7)

Configuración OSPF:Router# configure terminalRouter(config)# router ospf process-IDRouter(config-router)# network dirección_de_red wildcard area area_IDRouter(config-router)# exitRouter(config)# R1# configure terminal

R1(config)# router ospf 1R1(config-router)# network 10.2.3.4 0.0.0.3 area 1R1(config-router)# network 20.1.71.8 0.0.0.3 area 2R1(config-router)# network 40.1.0.4 0.0.0.3 area 0R1(config-router)# network 40.1.0.8 0.0.0.3 area 0R1(config)#

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Definición de Identificador de Router (ID-Router):► Al iniciarse el proceso OSPF en un router, el IOS utiliza la dirección IP activa local más alta como ID del router.► Si no existe una interfaz activa, el proceso OSPF no se iniciará.► Para asegurar la estabilidad del proceso OSPF, es necesario que el router tenga una interfaz activa en todo momento.► La interfaz loopback es importante para este objetivo.

En un router con más de una interfaz loopback,la dirección más alta será el ID-Router.

Selección del Router Designado (DR):► La interfaz con mayor prioridad permitira el router sea DR.► Ante iguales prioridades se selecciona el de mayor ID-Router.

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Configuración de prioridad en una interfaz:Router(config)# interface serial 0/0/0Router(config-if)# ip priority número_de_prioridad

Un valor de prioridad puede variar de 0 a 255.

Valor 0 de prioridad imposibilita al router que sea elegido DR.

En resumen sobre selección de DR y BDR:► Mayor prioridad Router DR.

► Segundo valor de prioridad Router BDR.

► Routers con igual prioridad Será DR el mayor ID-Router

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RED MULTIAREA

R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30

212.2.2.64/26

212.2.2.128/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.1

.129

Costo 3

Costo 7C

osto

2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

.65

....

....212.2.2.0/26

....

212.2.2.192/26

.193

....

Ra

Rb Rd

Rc

LAN UNILAN UNMSM

LAN UNFV LAN INICTEL-UNI

30.3.3.12/30

30.3.3.16/3040.4.4.16/30

40.4.4.12/30.13

.14

.17 .18 .17.18

.14.13

Sistema Autónomo

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RED MULTIAREA

R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30

212.2.2.64/26

212.2.2.128/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.1

.129

Costo 3

Costo 7C

osto

2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

.65

....

....212.2.2.0/26

....

212.2.2.192/26

.193

....

Ra

Rb Rd

Rc

LAN UNILAN UNMSM


30.3.3.12/30

30.3.3.16/3040.4.4.16/30

40.4.4.12/30.13

.14

.17 .18 .17.18

.14.13

Sistema Autónomo

Ra>enableRa#configute terminalRa(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.3.3.14

Rb>enableRb#configute terminalRb(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.3.3.18

Rc>enableRc#configute terminalRc(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 40.4.4.14

Rd>enableRd#configute terminalRd(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 40.4.4.18

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RED MULTIAREA

R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30

212.2.2.64/26

212.2.2.128/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.1

.129

Costo 3

Costo 7C

osto

2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

.65

....

....212.2.2.0/26

....

212.2.2.192/26

.193

....

Ra

Rb Rd

Rc

LAN UNILAN UNMSM


30.3.3.12/30

30.3.3.16/3040.4.4.16/30

40.4.4.12/30.13

.14

.17 .18 .17.18

.14.13

Sistema Autónomo

Ra>enableRa#configute terminalRa(config)#router ospf 1Ra(config-router)#network 30.3.3.12 0.0.0.3 area 1Ra(config-router)#network 30.3.3.8 0.0.0.3 area 1Ra(config-router)#network 30.3.3.0 0.0.0.3 area 1Ra(config-router)#exit

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RED MULTIAREA

R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30

212.2.2.64/26

212.2.2.128/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.1

.129

Costo 3

Costo 7C

osto

2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

.65

....

....212.2.2.0/26

....

212.2.2.192/26

.193

....

Ra

Rb Rd

Rc

LAN UNILAN UNMSM


30.3.3.12/30

30.3.3.16/3040.4.4.16/30

40.4.4.12/30.13

.14

.17 .18 .17.18

.14.13

Sistema Autónomo

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ANÁLISIS DE LA RED MULTIAREA

R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

PCa

PCb

PCc

PCd

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30210.1.1.64/26

210.1.1.128/26

220.2.2.64/26

220.2.2.0/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.65 .65

.1.129

Costo 3

Costo 7

Cos

to 2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

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CONFIGURACIÓN DE ROUTER CON OSPF

R1>enableR1#configute terminalR1(config)#router ospf 1R1(config-router)#network 30.3.3.0 0.0.0.3 area 1R1(config-router)#network 30.3.3.8 0.0.0.3 area 1R1(config-router)#network 210.1.1.64 0.0.0.63 area 1R1(config-router)#exit


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CONFIGURACIÓN DE ROUTER CON OSPF


R7>enableR7#configute terminalR7(config)#router ospf 1R7(config-router)#network 20.1.1.8 0.0.0.3 area 0R7(config-router)#network 20.1.1.12 0.0.0.3 area 0R7(config-router)#network 20.1.1.20 0.0.0.3 area 0R7(config-router)#network 40.4.4.4 0.0.0.3 area 2R7(config-router)#exit

Los demás router se configuran de manera similar.

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fa1/

1fa2/0

COSTOS OSPF POR DEFAULT

►Por default, OSPF asigna costo asociado al ancho de banda:

costo= 108/(Ancho de banda)

►Se puede usar el comando bandwidth para cambiar el denominador de la fórmula

R1>enableR1#configute terminalR1(config)#interface fastethernet 2/0R1(config-if)#bandwidth 100 000

Expresado en 1000

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fa1/

1fa2/0

CONFIGURACIÓN DE COSTOS OSPF

R1>enableR1#configute terminalR1(config)#interface fastethernet 1/1R1(config-if)#ip ospf cost 5R1(config-router)#exitR1(config)#interface fastethernet 2/0R1(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1R1(config-router)#exit

Los demás router se configuran de manera similar.

R1#show ip ospf interface fastethernet 1/1FastEthernet1/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address 30.3.3.1/30, Area 1 Process ID 1, Router ID 210.1.1.65, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 5 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) 210.1.1.65, Interface address 30.3.3.1

show ip ospf interface show ip ospf interface fastethernet 1/1►Para observar el costo de una interfaz:

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COMANDO debug ip ospf eventsR3#debug ip ospf eventsOSPF events debugging is onR3#*Jan 14 10:45:30.079: OSPF: Rcv hello from 40.4.4.6 area 0 from FastEthernet2/1 20.1.1.10*Jan 14 10:45:30.083: OSPF: End of hello processingR3#*Jan 14 10:45:31.567: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 1 on FastEthernet1/0 from 30.3.3.2*Jan 14 10:45:31.571: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet2/0 from 20.1.1.1*Jan 14 10:45:31.575: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet1/1 from 20.1.1.17*Jan 14 10:45:31.579: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet2/1 from 20.1.1.9*Jan 14 10:45:31.779: OSPF: Rcv hello from 210.1.1.65 area 1 from FastEthernet1/0 30.3.3.1*Jan 14 10:45:31.783: OSPF: End of hello processingR3#*Jan 14 10:45:35.991: OSPF: Rcv hello from 20.1.1.5 area 0 from FastEthernet2/0 20.1.1.2*Jan 14 10:45:35.995: OSPF: End of hello processingR3#*Jan 14 10:45:38.487: OSPF: Rcv hello from 30.3.3.6 area 0 from FastEthernet1/1 20.1.1.18*Jan 14 10:45:38.491: OSPF: End of hello processingR3#*Jan 14 10:45:40.083: OSPF: Rcv hello from 40.4.4.6 area 0 from FastEthernet2/1 20.1.1.10*Jan 14 10:45:40.087: OSPF: End of hello processingR3#*Jan 14 10:45:41.571: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 1 on FastEthernet1/0 from 30.3.3.2*Jan 14 10:45:41.575: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet2/0 from 20.1.1.1

Se desactiva:R#no debug ip ospf events

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ANALISIS DE PATH PCb a PCc

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ANALISIS DE PATH PCc a PCb

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TABLA DE ENRUTAMIENTO DE R2

► Costo total desde R2 hasta la red 220.2.2.64 es 14.

R2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


220.2.2.0/26 is subnetted, 2 subnetsO IA 220.2.2.64 [110/14] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:37, FastEthernet1/0O IA 220.2.2.0 [110/13] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:37, FastEthernet1/0 20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 6 subnetsO IA 20.1.1.20 [110/12] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:37, FastEthernet1/0O IA 20.1.1.16 [110/8] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:32, FastEthernet1/0O IA 20.1.1.4 [110/16] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:46, FastEthernet1/0O IA 20.1.1.0 [110/12] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:39, FastEthernet1/0O IA 20.1.1.12 [110/11] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:37, FastEthernet1/0O IA 20.1.1.8 [110/13] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:32, FastEthernet1/0 40.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO IA 40.4.4.8 [110/13] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:37, FastEthernet1/0O IA 40.4.4.0 [110/13] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:37, FastEthernet1/0O IA 40.4.4.4 [110/12] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:41, FastEthernet1/0 210.1.1.0/26 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 210.1.1.128 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0O 210.1.1.64 [110/2] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:50, FastEthernet1/0 30.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 30.3.3.8 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 30.3.3.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1O 30.3.3.0 [110/6] via 30.3.3.9, 00:34:50, FastEthernet1/0R2#

Costos totales

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NUEVO ESCENARIO DE ANÁLISIS

Área 1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Área 2

Área 0 Área 3

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

S0/0/0

S0/0/1

Fa0/0 Fa0/0

S0/0/1

S0/0/0

S0/

0/1S0/0/0

Fa0/0

R2 R3

R1

R4 R5

R6Lo_0

Lo_1

Lo_2

Lo_4

Lo_3

Lo_5Lo_6

Lo_7

Lo_8

Lo_9

Lo_10

Lo_11 Lo_14

Lo_13

Lo_0: 131.4.5.33/28Lo_1: 131.4.6.163/27

Lo_2: 190.1.7.73/29Lo_3: 190.1.9.130/25

Lo_10: 10.41.52.3/24Lo_11: 10.41.68.19/24Lo_12: 51.5.6.6/24

Lo_4: 210.7.2.31/24Lo_5: 210.8.8.19/24Lo_6: 55.0.4.3/17Lo_7: 55.0.190.90//17Lo_8: 140.1.160.3/21Lo_9: 140.1.170.7/21

10.52.177.60/3010.52.177.52/30

10.52.177.56/30

10.1.1.24/3010.1.1.28/30

10.2.2.36/30

200.4.5.0/24 210.7.9.0/24

Lo_12

Lo_13: 204.6.21.36/24Lo_14: 204.9.80.94/24

205.2.83.128/25

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OBTENCION DE ROUTER-ID

En el router R1R1#show ip ospfRouting Process "ospf 1" with ID 210.8.8.19



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OBTENCION DE ROUTER-ID




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USANDO show ip ospf neighbor

En el router R1R1#show ip ospf neighborNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface131.4.6.163 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 10.2.2.37 Serial0/0/155.0.190.90 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:38 10.52.177.62 FastEthernet0/0140.1.170.7 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:33 10.52.177.53 FastEthernet0/1R1#

En el router R3R3#show ip ospf neighborNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface55.0.190.90 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:39 10.52.177.57 GigabitEthernet0/1210.8.8.19 1 FULL/DR 00:00:34 10.52.177.54 GigabitEthernet0/0204.9.80.94 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 10.1.1.30 Serial0/0/0R3#

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ESTABLECIENDO ENLACE VIRTUAL

Área 1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Área 2

Área 0 Área 3

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

S0/0/0

S0/0/1

Fa0/0 Fa0/0

S0/0/1

S0/0/0

S0/

0/1S0/0/0

Fa0/0

R2 R3

R1

R4 R5

R6Lo_0

Lo_1

Lo_2

Lo_4

Lo_3

Lo_5Lo_6

Lo_7

Lo_8

Lo_9

Lo_10

Lo_11 Lo_14

Lo_13

Lo_0: 131.4.5.33/28Lo_1: 131.4.6.163/27

Lo_2: 190.1.7.73/29Lo_3: 190.1.9.130/25

Lo_10: 10.41.52.3/24Lo_11: 10.41.68.19/24Lo_12: 51.5.6.6/24

Lo_4: 210.7.2.31/24Lo_5: 210.8.8.19/24Lo_6: 55.0.4.3/17Lo_7: 55.0.190.90//17Lo_8: 140.1.160.3/21Lo_9: 140.1.170.7/21

10.52.177.60/3010.52.177.52/30

10.52.177.56/30

10.1.1.24/3010.1.1.28/30

10.2.2.36/30

200.4.5.0/24 210.7.9.0/24

Lo_12

Lo_13: 204.6.21.36/24Lo_14: 204.9.80.94/24

205.2.83.128/25

virtual-link

virtual-l

ink

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OBSERVANDO LA TABLA DE RUTEO EN R5

Observar que un loopback siempre se anuncia con una máscara 255.255.255.255

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CONFIGURANDO VIRTUAL-LINK

Fa0/0

Fa0/0 Fa0/1

Área 2

Área 0 Área 3

Fa0/1

S0/0/0

S0/0/1

Fa0/0 Fa0/0

S0/0/1

S0/0/0

R2 R3

R1

R4 R5

Lo_4 Lo_5Lo_6

Lo_7

Lo_8

Lo_9

Lo_10

Lo_11 Lo_14

Lo_13

Lo_7: 55.0.190.90//17 Lo_9: 140.1.170.7/21

10.52.177.60/3010.52.177.52/30

10.52.177.56/30

10.1.1.24/3010.1.1.28/30

200.4.5.0/24 210.7.9.0/24

Lo_12

virtual-link

R2>enableR2#configure terminal.R2(config)#router ospf 2R2(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 140.1.170.7R2(config-router)#exitR2(config)#

R3>enableR3#configure terminal.R3(config)#router ospf 3R3(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 55.0.190.90R3(config-router)#exitR3(config)#

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Área 1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

Fa0/1

Fa0/1

Área 2

Área 0

Fa0/1

Fa0/0

Fa0/0

S0/0/1

S0/0/0

S0/

0/1S0/0/0

Fa0/0

R2

R1

R4

R6Lo_0

Lo_1

Lo_2

Lo_4

Lo_3

Lo_5Lo_6

Lo_7

Lo_8

Lo_10

Lo_11Lo_5: 210.8.8.19/24

Lo_7: 55.0.190.90//17

10.52.177.60/3010.52.177.52/30

10.52.177.56/30

10.1.1.24/30

10.2.2.36/30

200.4.5.0/24

Lo_12

205.2.83.128/25

virtual-l

ink

CONFIGURANDO VIRTUAL-LINK

R1>enableR1#configure terminalR1(config)#router ospf 1R1(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 55.0.190.90R1(config-router)#exitR1(config)#

R2>enableR2#configure terminalR2(config)#router ospf 2R2(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 210.8.8.19R2(config-router)#exitR2(config)#

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ANALIZANDO LOS VIRTUAL-LINK

R2#show ip ospf virtual-link

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CONFIGURACIÓN DELOS PROTOCOLOS

RIPv2/OSPFv2

CONFIGURACIÓN DELOS PROTOCOLOS

RIPv2/OSPFv2

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ANÁLISIS DE UNA RED OSPF/RIP

R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

PCa

PCb

PCc

PCd

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30210.1.1.64/26

210.1.1.128/26

220.2.2.64/26

220.2.2.0/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.65 .65

.1.129

Costo 3

Costo 7

Cos

to 2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

RIPv2

RIPv2

RIPv2

RIPv2OSPFv2Revisión de redistribución RIP y OSPF en:

http://docwiki.cisco.com/wiki/Internetwork_Design_Guide_--_RIP_and_OSPF_Redistribution#RIP_and_OSPF_Redistribution

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R5

R1R3

R2

R4

R6

R7

R8

R9

PCa

PCb

PCc

PCd

AREA 0

AREA 1 AREA 220.1.1.0/30 20.1.1.4/30

20.1.1.8/30

20.1.1.12/30

20.1

.1.1

6/30

20.1

.1.2

0/30

30.3.3.0/30

30.3.3.4/3030.3

.3.8

/30

40.4.4.0/30

40.4.4.4/30

40.4

.4.8

/30210.1.1.64/26

210.1.1.128/26

220.2.2.64/26

220.2.2.0/26

.1

.5

.2

.6

.9

.10

.14 .13

.17

.18

.22

.21

.1.2

.9

.10

.5

.6

.2.1

.6

.5

.9

.10

.65 .65

.1.129

Costo 3

Costo 7

Cos

to 2

Costo 6 Costo 4

Cos

to 1

Cos

to 1

Costo 10

Costo 5

Costo 1

Costo 1

Costo 1

RIPv2

RIPv2

RIPv2

RIPv2OSPFv2

router ospf 1 redistribute rip subnets network 30.3.3.0 0.0.0.3 area 1 network 30.3.3.8 0.0.0.3 area 1


router rip version 2 redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2 network 210.1.1.64 no auto-summary







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RIPv2

S1 S0

200.37.42.0/24

10.0.37.204/30

10.0

.37.

196/

30

10.0.37.200/30

S0

S1 S0

S1.197

.198 .201

.202

.206.205

200.37.51.0/24

172.16. 0.0/16

.65 .129

.66 .130

BW 1544kbps

BW 100Mbps BW 100Mbps

BW 100Mbps.0.1.0.2

Ra

RIPv2

RIPv2

OSPFv2 AREA 0






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TABLA DE ENRUTAMIENTO

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BIBLIOGRAFIA

RFC 1058 Routing Information ProtocolJunio de 1988.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1058.txt

RFC 1723 RIP version 2, Noviembre de 1994http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1723.txt

RFC 2082 MD5 Authenticationhttp://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2082.txt


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MUCHAS GRACIASMUCHAS GRACIAS

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