EVOLUCION
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EVOLUCION
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SISTEMAS ABIERTOS
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MATERIA Y ENERGIA en ORG.VIVOS
Calor
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CICLO DEL NITROGENO
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FLUJO ENERGETICO
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EXERGONICO vs ENDERGONICO
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ACOPLAMIENTO ENERGETICO
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Acoplamiento energético en organismos vivos
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ATP ACOPLADOR UNIVERSAL de ENERGIA
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CATABOLISMO y ANABOLISMO
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RELACIONES ENERGETICAS
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LEYES de la TERMODINAMICA
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ENERGIA LIBRE
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ENERGIA LIBRE y Keq
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SUMA de ENERGIAS LIBRES
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ATP
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ATP 2
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COMPUESTOS de “ALTA ENERGIA”
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COMPUESTOS de “ALTA ENERGIA” 2
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RELACIONES de ENERGIA
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RELACIONES ENERGETICAS
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MAPA METABOLICO
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FASES del CATABOLISMO
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FASES INTEGRADAS del METABOLISMO
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ACETIL CoA (Punto convergencia)
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glucosa + ATP ----- glucosa 6 fosfato + ADP hexokinasa
1. GLICOLISIS
2. DESVIO DE LAS PENTOSAS (SHUNT)
3. PRODUCCION DE ACETIL CoA PARA SINTESIS DE GRASA
4. HIDROLISIS A GLUCOSA (en hígado solamente)
5. PRODUCCION DE GALACTOSA
6. SINTESIS DE GLUCOGENO
7. CONVERSION EN OTROS PRODUCTOS
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REGULACION del METABOLISMO
• E1 E2 ER E3
• A B C D E
• 1. Disponibilidad del sustrato (compartamentalización)• 2. Disponibilidad de Cofactores y/o Coenzimas• 3. Regulación alostérica:
– a. Retroalimentación– b. Activación
4. Modificación Covalente
a. Fosforilación y desfosforilación (principalmente)
5. Regulación de la Expresión Genética
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Irreversibilidad