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ealthandmedicineA What areyour symptoms?

B

bruise lump spots bl ck eyI v e got a cold a cough a sore throat a temperature [ahigher temperature t h a nn o r m a l ] /a stomach ache / chest pains / carache a pain in m yside a rash onmychest/spots abruise on my leg je .g.after p l a y i n g f o o t b a l l ] a black eye |e.g. after being hit i nthe eyej a lumpon myarm indigestin |after eating toofast) sicknessan ddiarrhoead a i o r i o fan upset stomach w h i c h makes you v o m i t and need to go to the t o i l e r

f r e q u e n t l y ] /sunburn /painful joints [e.g.ankles, knees, w r i s t s , shoulders] blisters [afterw e a r i n g new, t i g h t shoes].feel sick/ dizzy [my head is s p i n n i n g ] breathless / shivery [ c o l d and hot] faint [ l i g h t -headedj.

am depressed / constipated [not able to go to the t o i l e t ] tired all thetime.I v e lost myappetite /voice; Ican t sleep, m ynose itches (I w a n t toscratch i t ] myleg hurtWhat dodoctorsdo?T h e y take y o u r temperature, l i s t e n to y o u r chest, l o o k i ny o u r ears, ex amine you , take your b l o o d pressure,asky o u some questions and w e i g h and measure you befores e n d i n g you to the h o s p i t a l for f u r r h e r tests.

C What*s thediagnosis? ^ ,4You ve gotflu / chickenpox / mumps [singularn o u n ] pneumonia n j o n i s u n i D /

rheumatism / rumioi/om anulcer a virus abug / something that s going round.You ve broken your wrist and sprained/disiocated your ankle .You r e pregnant ahypochondriac / h a i p o k n n d r u e k / .H e died of lung cncer aheart attack abrain haemorrhage / hemarids/ A I D S .

D What does thedoctor prescribe?a) Take one tablet thrce timesa dayafter mei s.b) Take a teaspoonfulof medicine last t h i n g at n i g h t .c) Ru b t h is o i n t m e n t onyouan dd o n t spend too l o n g i n the sunw i t h o u t suncream.d ) W e l lget the nurse toputabandage ony o u r w r i s t .e) Y o u U need tohave some injections before yougo to the A m a z o n .f ) r i lask the surgeon w h e n he can f i tyou i n for anoper ation.g) Y o u l l have tohave y o u r legpu t i nplaster u n r i l the break mends.h) I t h i n k you s h o u l d have t o t a l bed rest for a weck.What mightthe doctor askyou?W h a t w o u l d you say if the doctor asked youth e f o U o w i n g questions?D o youhave he alth insurance? Hav e you ever had anyoperations?A r e you t a k i n g anymedication? Ar e you allergictoanything?

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orkSome job-titles are f o u n d in a w i d e range of d i f f e r e n tworkplaces. The broad meanings areg i v e n here. The r i g h t - h a n d page exercises w i l l help you w o r k out more precise meanings.

director (member of the board of a company) executive , ig zckjot v / ( i m p o r t a n tp e r s o n who makes big decisions) administrator (person who runs the office d a y - t o -d a y ) clerk k i a i k ( o r d i n a r y office w o r k e r ) skilled worker ( t r a i n e d to do specifictasks, e.g. b u i l d i n g a computer) unskil led worker ( d o i n g a job that needs no t r a m i n g )labourer {does h a r d , physicalwork) receptionist (visitors raust check in w i t h them)pubiic relations officer (gives i n f o r m a d o n to the press, TV, etc. about the company)safety officer (makes sure machines, etc. are not dangerous to use) security officer(makes sure thieves/criminals cannot enter) unin representative (looks after the staff sinterests) economist (expcrt in f i n a n c i a l matters) personncl officer (takes care ofa d m i n i s t r a t i o n for new and existing employees) sales assistant (sells goods to thep u b i i c ) education officer (organises t r a i n i n g , classes, etc. for employees) research-worker(investigates and develops new products) supervisor (makes sure workers ared o i n g t h e i r job p r o p e r l y )

H e r e are some professions (jobs that rcquirc considerable t r a i n i n g and/or qualifications)a n d trades (sk i l l ed manual jobs r e q u i r i n gon-the-job and other t r a i n i n g ) .l w yer dentist hairdresscr mechante architect / aikitekt/ priestfarmer vet libraran physiotherapist/Fi/.i3o ()cropist/ child-mindcrpli officer accountant engincer scientist chef/fcr firefghtercivil servant tailor/dressmaker designer builder carpenter plumberollocationsofwordsconnectedwithwork

Its not casy to get/fnd work r o u n d these parts. I ve been offcred work / a job in Paris.W h a t d ' y o u do for a living? l m in publishing/banking, etc.I t s h a r d to make a living as a freelance w r i t e r . [earn enough money to Uve comfortablyjShe snot prepared to take on that job. [suggests ' h a v i n g personal r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ' ]t o do s h i f t - w o r k or to w o r k shifts [ n i g h t s one week, days the next week]t o be on f l e x i - t i m e [ f l e x i b l e w o r k i n g hours] \s of woto w o r k n i n e - t o - f i v e [regular day w o r k ]t o go/bc on strike [ i n d u s t r i a ldispute]t o gct the sack [ t h r o w n out of y o u r job]t o be f i r e d [more f o r m a l t h a n get the sack ; o f t e n used as a direct

addrcss: You re f i r e d ' [t o be made redundant [ t h r o w n out, no longer needed]t o be l a i d off [more i n f o r m a l t h a n made redundant ]t o give up w o r k [e.g. in order to s t u d y jt o be on / take m a t e r n i t y (woman) or p a t e r n i t y (man) leave

[ b e for e/ a f ter the b i r t h of a babyjt o be on / take sick leave [illness]t o take early retirement[ r e t i r e at 55]t o be a w o r k a h o l i c [ l o v e w o r k too muchjt o be p r o m o t e d [get a higher p o s i t i o n |t o a p p l y for a job [ f i l l in f o r m s , etcl

t w o r k i n g

o t h e r usefulexpressions

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E x e r c i s e s

53 M a t c h thediseascs w ith their syin ptom s.

5 3 2

5 3 3

f l up n e u m o n i ar h e u m a t i s mc h i c k e n p o xm u m p san u l c e r

s w o l l e n g l a n d s inf r o n t ofear, earacheor p a i n one a t i n gb u r n i n g p a i n i n a b d o m e n , p a i n ornausea a f t e r e a t i n g ,r a s h s t a r t i n gonb o d y , s l i g h t l y r a is e d t e m p e r a t u r ed r y c o u g h , h i g h fever,chest p a i n , r a p i d b r e a t h i n gheadache, a c h i n g m u s c l e s , f e v e r , c o u g h , s n e e z in gs w o l l e n , p a i n f u l j o i n t s , s t i f f n e s s , l i m i t e d m o v e m e n t

W h a t does t h e d o c t o rorn u r s euse the f o U o w i n g t h i n g s f o r ?E X A M P L E stethoscope for lisfMiAj fo ci pahAr s d^esf.

thermometer 2 s c a l e s 3 s y r i n g e 4 s c a l p e lL o o kat the s t a t e m e n t s a) to ( h ) in D o p p o s i t c . W h i c hd oy o u t h i n k t h e d o c t o r s a i dtoeachoft h e f o U o w i n g pa t i e nt s ?

A n n e w i t h b a d s u n b u r n .2 Jo w h o s b r o k e n herl e g .3 J o h n w h o s o f fto t h e T r o p i c s .4 P a u l w i t h f l u .

5 L i z w i t h a b a d c o u g h .6 Samw h oneedshisa p p e n d i x o u t .7 Rose s u f f e r i n g f r o m e x h a u s t i o n .8 A l f w h o s s p r a i n edhisw r i s t .

53 4 C o m p l e t e t h e f o U o w i n g t a b l e .noun

achetreatment

djectivebreathlessfaintshiverydislocated

swollen

ver

53 5 W h at m ed i c al probl em s m i ght you have if . . .y o u w e a r shoes t h a t r u b ? 7 y o u eat f o o d y o u r e a l l e r g i cto?

2 y o u eatt o o fast? 8 y o u r u n u n u s u a U y f as t f o rabus?3 y o u s m o k e a l o t ? 9 y o u eat f o o d t h a t isbad?4 y o u p l a y f o o t b a U ? 10 a m o s q u i t o b i t e s y o u ?5 y o u go s k i i ng ? 1 1 y o u getw e ton a c o l d d a y ?6 y o u s ta y o u t i nthes u n t o o l o n g ? 12 y o u t h i n k y o u r e i l l a l lthe t i me ?

53 6 T h i n kof il lnesses yo u ormcmbersofyour fam Uyor f r iends have had. W ha t w erethes ym pt om s and w hat di dthedoctor prescribe?

F o l i o w - u p : Look at t he health page of a magazine o r newspaper. Make a not e of any new vocabuiaryon the theme thatyou find there Look inyourmedicine cabinet at home at school or work. Can you m everything thatyou findthere?

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x e r c i s e s

4 4 Which o f t he job- t i t l e s in A op p os i t e w o u l dbest de scr ibe t he foUow ing ?The p e rson w h o re p re se nts t he w or k e r s ' in te re st s in d isp ut e s w i t h t he manag e me nt ina factory.

2 A p e rson w h o has a h igh (bu t no t the h ig hes t ) p o s i t io n in a com p an y and w hose job i ti s t o mak e imp ort ant de c is ions .

3 A n i m p o r t a n t p e r so n i n a c o m p a n y w h o s it s o n t h e b o a r d .4 A w or k e r w hose job re qu ire s no sp e cia l t r a i n i n g , fo r exa mp le , an off ice cleaner.5 A p e rson g e nera l ly in charge o f t he d ay - t o -d ay org an isa t ion o f a comp any /d e p ar t me nt .6 Th e person w h o makes su re there are no r isks of accidents f r o m machinery , e tc .7 A person w hose job i t is to keep an eye on the day -to- d ay w o r k o f o t h er w o r k e r s .8 A p e r s o n w h odoes h a r d p h y s i c a l w o r k .9 The p e rson w h o handle s ap p l ica t ions for vacant p os t s .10 The p e rson w h o g ive s ou t i n f o r m a t i o n to thepress for a comp any .

11 The p e rson w h o mak e s sure a l l t he d oors and w i nd o w s have g ood lock s on t he m.12 Th e p e rson y o u f i r s t speak t o w hen you arr ive at a com pa ny as a vis itn

4 4 2 Us ing t he e xp ress ions in C op p o s i t c , say w ha t y o u t h i n k has hap p e ne d / i s hap p e nin g .E X M P L E l' m n o t w o r k i n g n ow ; t he baby 's d ue in 3 w e e k s . - SM - S O rwafMftj O ^

I los t my job . The y had t o mak e cu t back s .2 He 's enjo yin g l ife o n a p e ns in , a l t h ou g h he's o n l y 58 .3 One w e e k i t' s s ix - t o - t w o , t he ne xt i t' s n ig h t s .4 The y ' ve mad e he r Ge ne ra l M anag e r as f r o m n e x t m o n t h5 I w as late so ofte n, I lost m y jo b.6 I get in at nine o 'c lock and go hom e at f ive.7 You r t rou ble i s y o u are obsessed w i t h w o r k

4 4 3 W h o s e j o b d othese t h ing s be long t o?E X M P L E bu ck e t ladd e r le at he r v Ji / \ ch ^ sm r

b o a r d o v e rh e a d p r o j e c t o r c h a l k 4 m a k e - u p s c r i p t m i c r o p h o n e2 scalpel ma sk frce ps /Trcseps/ 5 tra ct or p l o u g h b a r n3 fax machine f i l i ng cabinet s tapler 6 sew ing ma chine scissors needle

4 4 4 W o u l d y ou ca l i t he f o U o w i n g at rade a profession or an u n s k i l l ed j o b }vet 3 plu m be r 5 e lectr ic ian 7 cleaner 9 refuse col lecto r /'rcrju:/./

2 chef 4 a rchi t e c t 6 dre ssmak e r 8 t a i lor 10 law y e r4 4 5 F UI in t he co l loca t ions .

I ' d love t o a job in jou rna hsm , bu t i t' s no teasy w i th o u t q u a l i f i c a t i o n s .ince I have to earn a som ehow , TU have to get w herever I can

f i n d i t . I ' ve be e n some p ar t - t im ew o r k e d i t i n g a t y p e scr ip t for a boo k , bu tl ' m no t sure I w an t t o i t .

4 4 6 T h i n k o f f ive p e op le y ou k n o w w h o w o r k for a l i v i n g . Ca n y ou ame t he i r jobs inE n g li sh ? I f y o u c a n n o t , l o o k t h e m u p i n a g o o d b i U n g u a i d i c t i o n a r y , o r i n a t h e sa u r u s .

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HE LTH ND MEDI INEAT THEDOCTORS

a Read the text.Number the pictures A-I in order 1-9.What do the words inboldmean? Underline the stress.

iIf youdon'tfeelwellyou canmakeanappointmentto seeyourfamilydoctor(GP) at the localhealthcentre.He witlexamine you and ask whatsymptomsyou have He maytakeyourpulseandtemperatureortakeyourbloodpressure.Thenhewillusua llymake diagnosisanddecidehow totreatyou He may prescribeyou somemedicinet ocureyourillness.You taketheprescription to thechemist sorpharmacy,wherethe chemistwillusuallygiveyou someta blets/ pills.Readthe instructionsca refullyincase thereare anyside-effects.The doctormay aisote l lyou tohaveone or two daysoffto rest andrecover.Withthistreatmentyou willnorma llyget betterin few days Ifithe doctoris not surewhat' swrongwithyou he may sendyou to see specalist orarrange for you tohavesomemore tests,fo r exampleX-ray . If you areseriously ill youmay need to go tohospitalandhavean operation.Youmay needseveralweeksto getoverthe operation I fs |good idea tohave medicalcheck-uponcea year |

b Cover the text.E x p l a i n what s happening in the pictures.AT THE HOSPITALU n d e r l i n ethe stress. Say what or who the foUowing are.an ambulance / asmbjolansy Casualty/ kaesualti/the operatingtheatre/ o poreiUr) Oiots/a surgeon/ S3:d33n/ apatient/ peifant; award/w.xd/

SYMPTOMST h esame or different? Explain.1 What sthematterwith Kate?/What s wrongvsrith Kate?2 I feel U./I don t feelw eU.3 H efeelss i c k . / H e s being sick.4 Ifeel s ick. /1 feeldizzy.5 Hi s anide isswollen./ swaobn/ /H is ankle isbroken.6 Hiskneehurts./Hiskneeaches.7 She s in hospital./She s at the hospital.

b Describe the pictures.MEDICALCONDITIONSWrite M (minor) or S (serious). Explain what they are.

L , have aheartattack Q haveastroke havea virus/ vairss/ C takeanoverdose U

bepregnanthave an allergy/ aebdsi/have a chronic ilbiesshave flu/flu:/haveahangoverb Underline the stress. Practise saying the words.

ALTERNATIVEMEDICINEa Match the alternative treatments and descriptions.

touching/pressing theb o d y using piants and herbsusing needles touching/pressing the bones/m usclesacupuncture/ sekjopAqktJa/homeopathic / haom iiapaeOik/medicine 2massage/ maesaij/ 3osteopathy/DSti: Dp39i/ 4 _ _ _ _ _

b Underline the stress. Practise saying the words. Do youk n o w anyotherkinds of alternative medicine?

c Test eachother smemory by defining health andmedicine words.

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L a n g u a g eThere are two ways of express ing the p resent in English. Study the ch art.

PRESENT SIMPLEFO

Subject + verb/ verb+s1 ' --''*

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VOCABULARYHealthandmedicine

a Write the words for the defmitions.1 the piece of paper on wh i ch adoctor

writes the ame of the medicine youneed

2 saying exactly what illnessapersonha s noun)aphototakenofthe insideofthehumanbody usingaspecial light

4 asudden illness which attacksthebrainand can leaveaperson unableto move part of their body

5 abuilding where GPs see theirpatients

6 anamount ofa drugw h i c h istoomuchand theretbre isnotsafe

7 (of a woman) havingababydevelopingin her body adject i ve)

8 achange in your bodywh i ch isasignofillness

b Complete the text with awordorexpression from the list.acupuncture cough daysoff GP lose weightmake an appointment puton side effects sneezing virus

My fether didn t feel well. He was a lo t and had abad ^ so he decided t o t o seehis .The do ct or to id him he probabyhad a

and advised him to take a fewand rest. He aiso said he should stop smoking. My father said he hadtried bu t couldn t, so the d oa or recommended .It was successful and he has now given up , but unfortunately therehavebeen : he has nearly th reekilos in two weeks. Soon he ll have to back to the doctor to ask howt o

Useyourdictionary BodyidiomsWhen you want to look up an idiom in the dictionary, e.g. pu sfaseg, you normal ly find it under the key word , in this case leg

U se your dictionaryto find the missing verbs in these idioms.Whatdothe idioms mean?1 You've really yourfoot initthis time. You

shouldnever have mentioned his ex-wifeatdinner.2 We don't,._ eyeto eye atall about politics. She's

right wi n gand Tm left wing.Ineed help. Can someone me ahand?

4 Cx)uld you an eye onthe milk?It's about toboil .5 I've told her three times butit inone ear and

out the other.G o o d luck for tomorrow l' llcrossed.

my fingers

5 PronunciationLookatthe phonetics and write the words.Practise saying them. What do they mean?1 /eik/2 /'kjo/

/'haengava/4 / k r c n i k /5 /'S3:d33n/6 /'swslan/'7 / d izi /8 /wo:d/