8/19/2019 Presentation Aldo

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Production of Christophene in

The orthern Range.

Sur!e" results.

 Aldo Hanel, Plantwise Intern Naitram Ramnanan, CABI Regional

RepresentativeDr. Govind Seepersad, UWI

Dr. Saravana!mar D!raisam", UWI

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&. Far' si(e

n average, C#ristop#ene $arm si/e is 0.&* a+res,ranging $rom &.12 to * a+res.

Being a la'o!r intensive +rop,smaller $arms are more+ommon aro!nd t#e world,in+l!ding ma3or prod!+ers

lie Costa Ri+a and 4e-i+o.

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). *grono'ic Practices).#. Planting

Some diversit" o$ varieties lo+all" '!t are not named.

 All $armers !se t#eir own seeds to +ontin!o!sl" growt#e +rop.

Some $armers reported t#at #ave set !p new $ields$rom seeds o'tained $rom ot#er $armers.

+enerall" there is no specific ti'e of the "ear forplanting or replanting Christophene.

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).&. Fertili(ing

5)6 o$ t#e $armers appl" inorgani+ $ertili/ers.

Ranging $rom 7 to 2 appli+ations per "ear, at ro!tine

intervals.

ne appli+ation o$ $ertili/er taesan average o$ 0.2 man8#o!rs.

4ost !sed $ertili/ers and $orm!las!sed in+l!des( )19)19):;1, Urea,)09)091) and C#i+en man!re.

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).). -se of Pesticides

2&6 o$ t#e $armers +!rrentl" appl" pesti+idesin+l!sive o$ inse+ti+ides, $!ngi+ides and #er'i+ides.

 Average appli+ation time o$ one prod!+t is ).0man8#o!rs8a+re

4ost +ited prod!+ts in+l!de( Gramo-one, Para

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/0 of the far'ers irrigate their

fields.

Water so!r+e is :56 r!nning waterand 1)6 stored water.

110 of the far'ers use

sprin2lers.

3rrigation ta2es place an a!erageof 4.4 ti'es5wee2.

 Average la'o!r involved wit#irrigation o$ 1 man8#o!rs.

).4. 3rrigation

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706 o$ t#e $armers !ses $r!itpi+ers.

*16 #andle $r!its in plasti+ 'ags a$ter #arvesting and):6 in $eed'ags.

n average to #arvest )&& ='s o$ C#ristop#ene it taes12 min!tes.

5)6 o$ t#e $armers sort and sele+t t#e 'est $r!its to sell.

 Average la'o!r to sort and pa+ )&& ='s is 1& min!tes.

o special storage facilit" or pac2aging 6crates5

containers7 are used for storage and transport .

).1. $ar!est and posthar!est practices

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 Average "ield reported d!ring #ig# prod!+tion season>?an94a"@ is ),00& l's8a+re8wee.

 Average "ield d!ring low prod!+tion season >?!n9De+@ is170.2 l's8a+re8wee.

 Considering 2 mont#s o$#ig# "ields and : mont#s o$low "ields, average $armer

prod!+tion in t#e Nort#ernRange is 00,7)* l's8a+rea "ear.

4. 8ield

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 :26 o$ t#e $armers go to w#olesale marets.

 1)6 o$ t#em sell t#eir $r!its onl" at the far' gate.

 76 do 'ot# t#e w#olesale maret and $arm gate. ::6 negotiate t#e pri+es dire+tl"

wit# t#e '!"ers.

 106 sell to a middleman.

 Average reported w#olesalepri+es(

#ig# )&.28l'slow 18l's

1. Mar2eting

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9:ullet $ole; 6+u''" Ste' :light7 is present in #0 of the fields

showed signs of disease infection in the Rain Seasonand #4.>0 in the Dr" Season.

On a!erage far'ers reported a ).>0 loss of "ield due

to disease in the Rain" Season and 4.0 in the Dr"

Season.t#er mentioned pests or diseases were( :irds 6)07,e'atodes 6&/07 and mi+es8rats or ago!ti >)%6@.

verall presen+e and impa+t o$ t#ese, in average, are

'elow 26, '!t losses d!e to Nematodes are pro'a'l"!nderestimated.

=. Pests and diseases

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*!erage 0 inco'e fro' *gricultural acti!ities is =0.

*!erage 0 inco'e fro' Christophene is #0.

1).10 of the far'ers

depend on *griculture

as their 'ain source of

inco'e. 6?>

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 Average #o!se#old si/e is 0.0:.

>)0 of the far'ers wor2 full ti'e without help fro'

an" fa'il" 'e'Aers.

):6 #ave anot#er male $amil" mem'er #elping $!ll time.

)1.26 #ave part time #elp $rom $amil" mem'ers.

1&.*6 #ire non9$amil" mem'er la'o!r.

726 o$ t#e $armers #ave anot#er $orm o$ emplo"ment8sillavaila'le.

%%6 o$ t#e $armers grow anot#er +rop in t#e same area.

4ost mentioned +rops( Aanana 6)).)07, plantain 6&/.#07

and cocoa 6&07

. Socioecono'ic considerations

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*!erage "ield drops >#.)0 fro' high to low

producti!e seasons.

*s a laAour intensi!e crop, 'ales are the predo'inant

wor2force.Recentl" planted fields oAtained 'uch highers "ields

than a!erage with around

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*n 3PM strateg" for sustainaAle production is

possiAle.

3'pro!ing agrono'ic practices, pro!iding access to

latest technologies and 2nowledge and adaptingthese to the realit" of local far's.

Literature also shows recent de!elop'ent in

Aiological control for :ullet $ole 6+u''" Ste'

:light7, with Aioagents such asB Trichoderma spp.,Gliocladium catelunatum strain #44= and Bacilus

subtilis strain ST #).

/. FeasiAilit" of an 3PM strateg"

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