CLIMATE EQUITYA Perspective

Presented at:

2016 PUAN International Conference

Changing Minds for Climate Change

November 11-14, 2016, Islamabad, Pakistan

By: Izhar Hunzai

Humans are Changing the Climate

3

Warmest Years on Earth

14 out of 15 warmest years occurred in 21st century

WHAT IS CAUSING THIS?

Greenhouse

Gases

Aerosols

Land use

Urbanization

AnthropogenicNatural

Land

Volcano

Solar A

ctivity

Natural

Variability

Ocean

GHGs & Global Warming

The Unprecedented Rise of GHGs

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Current CO2 Level

Separating Natural and Human Causes

Wolrd’s Cumulative Emissions (1850-2011)

Top Ten Emitters of GHGs

Politics of Denial

Solution?

Connecting the Dots

Common But Diffrenetiated Responses and Respective Capabiities (CBDR-RC)

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Pakistan’s Vulnerability to Climate Change

These threats may lead Pakistan to major concerns in terms of its:

Water Security Food Security Energy Security National Security -Pakistan is among the top 8- countries most vulnerable to climate change (Global Climate Risk Index-2016)

Think Globally, Act Locally

Community based adaptation, mitigation (green development) examples from northern Pakistan

Gilgit-Baltstan and Chitral

GILGIT-BALTISTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

AFGHANISTAN

CHINA

PAKISTAN

INDIAN HELD KASHMIR

TAJIKISTANUZBEKISTAN

Districts: 10Area: 87,250 sq kmCoverage:74,200 Population:1.536 millionNo of Villages:1,121No of households:192,104

CHITRAL

Social Mobilization for Collective Actions

Climate Compatible Irrigation Infrastructure

The First Community-based CDM in the World• Over 400 community-owned clean energy utilities • Innovative financing: community equity (20%), donor contribution (50%), loan (30%) • Registration with UNFCCC as a CDM Project, and carbon income to repay the loan

Community-based Agroforestry in fragile environments (60 million trees in 10 years; 6% of the land area, while natural

forest cover in 3% of the land area)

Green Construction: Women Masons

Green Wood Processing: Women Carpenters

Community Response to Disasters

“Green Oscars” Award from HRH Prince Charles for AKRSP’s work in community based clean energy in 2004

GLOBAL INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

• Green Climate Fund (GCF)• Adaptation Fund• Global Environmental Facility• Clean Development

Mechanism (CDM)• Reducing Emissions from

Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+)

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Intended Nationally Determined Contributions

(INDCs)COP 21 (Paris Conference Decision1 CP.21 ) provides

that Parties to Conference come up with INDCs that are based on National needs and Capacities

They should be based on national context, needs and policy priorities

They should spell out policies, actions and tools, quantified goals and time frames, budgets and the technical and financial support they need from global partners

AcknowledgementFor the preparation of this presentation, I have used material available in the public domain. Specifically, I have benefitted from the research material produced by the following organizations, and thank and acknowledge their contribution to the state of the art. UNFCCC IPCC UNDP EU ICIMOD NASA WRI Others