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Product Presentation
Instruments for Animal
Behavioral Research
Metris b.v. 2009
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ContentContent
s Company overviewCompany overview
s
ProductsProducts
s Importance of the energy parameter inImportance of the energy parameter in
Behavioral PharmacologyBehavioral Pharmacology
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Company overviewCompany overview
GoalGoal
Provide turnkey solutions / expertise in the area ofProvide turnkey solutions / expertise in the area ofautomatic animal behavior analysis.automatic animal behavior analysis.
ProductsProducts MarketsMarketsLABORASLABORAS Pharmaceutical industryPharmaceutical industrySonoTrackSonoTrack Research institutes/CROsResearch institutes/CROsThird Party productsThird Party products Universities/ Academic HospitalsUniversities/ Academic Hospitals
ActivitiesActivitiesProduct Development,Product Development,Marketing / Sales ,Marketing / Sales ,Assembly and Product support.Assembly and Product support.
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HistoryHistory
s 5/19995/1999 Metris BV startMetris BV starts 9/20019/2001 Delivery of first LABORAS forDelivery of first LABORAS for
Windows systemsWindows systems
s 2/20052/2005 Introduction SONOTRACK (UltrasoundIntroduction SONOTRACK (Ultrasoundrecording and analysis)recording and analysis)
s 7/20057/2005 Distributor SleepSign for Animals (EU)Distributor SleepSign for Animals (EU)s 8/20068/2006 Introduction LABORAS 2.0Introduction LABORAS 2.0s 12/200812/2008 Introduction SonoTrack USV PlaybackIntroduction SonoTrack USV Playbacks 1/20091/2009 Introduction SonoTrack 2.0Introduction SonoTrack 2.0
s Since 2001Since 2001 400 400 platforms are delivered andplatforms are delivered andover 50 references on our website support theover 50 references on our website support the
value of LABORAS as experienced byvalue of LABORAS as experienced byresearchersresearchers
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Company RelationsCompany Relations
DistributorsDistributorss Neuroscience Inc. (Japan)Neuroscience Inc. (Japan)s Kuo Yang Scientific Corporation (Taiwan)Kuo Yang Scientific Corporation (Taiwan)s
Mirae Korea Inc. (South Korea)Mirae Korea Inc. (South Korea)s Medi Analytika Ltd. (India)Medi Analytika Ltd. (India)s AH Medical Supply (China)AH Medical Supply (China)s Radon Medical (Turkey)Radon Medical (Turkey)
CooperationsCooperationss DataSciences Telemetry (USA)DataSciences Telemetry (USA)s Kissei (Japan)Kissei (Japan)s Porsolt (France)Porsolt (France)s National Instruments (USA, NL, Armenia)National Instruments (USA, NL, Armenia)
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LABORAS
s LABORAS is a fully automaticLABORAS is a fully automaticsystem for continuous behaviorsystem for continuous behavior
recognition and tracking of smallrecognition and tracking of smallrodents (mice and rats)rodents (mice and rats)
s LABORASLABORAS replaces, reducesreplaces, reducesand refines behavioral scoring byand refines behavioral scoring by
human observershuman observers
s LABORAS sets a new standardLABORAS sets a new standardin the area of behavioralin the area of behavioralobservation instrumentsobservation instruments
What is LABORAS?What is LABORAS?
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1980 1990 2000 2010
Infrared beam
matrix (8x5) Infrared beam
matrix (3D)
LABORAS
2.0
Infrared beam
matrix (4x3)
ANIMEX
Video tracking
(single point) Video tracking
(multi point)
LABORAS
1st. generation
Low
resolutionXYt
rack
high
0
no.ofbehavio
rs
>10
Evolution of automatic tracking& behavioral observation
systems
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LABORAS techniqueLABORAS technique(1/3)(1/3)
MainMaincomponentscomponents
LABORASLABORAS
s MeasurementMeasurementplatform(s)platform(s)
s ElectronicsElectronics(e.g. amplifiers &(e.g. amplifiers &
control & A/Dcontrol & A/Dconv.)conv.)
s LABORAS softwareLABORAS softwarefor Windowsfor Windows
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x
y
t
Behaviors
Behavior
Track
AdministrationA/Dconv.
A
mp.Ctr.
&
Tracking
Results
ctr
ctr
Measurement
platform(s)
Electronics
(@ platform) PC + software
Graphs Tables
t behav
0
t x y
0.500.75
0.2510
49
3 10688
05.259.7515.5
immobeatdrinkgroom
Export
ASCII
e.g. MS-Excel
SPSS
SAS JMP
Electronic
Control
Unit
LABORAS techniqueLABORAS technique (2/3)(2/3)
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LABORAS techniqueLABORAS technique (3/3)(3/3)
Locomotion
Scratching
Example of recognition of behavioralExample of recognition of behavioralfeaturesfeatures
Fast up and down
movement of the hind
foot, rubbing the side of
the body, neck
and face.
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Tracking measurementTracking measurement
Tracking information provided by LABORASTracking information provided by LABORAS
High resolution XY position trackHigh resolution XY position track Velocity data (average, max.)Velocity data (average, max.) Distance traveledDistance traveled Position distribution (details like favorite spots)Position distribution (details like favorite spots) Circling / turning (Clockwise and counter-clockwise circleCircling / turning (Clockwise and counter-clockwise circle
count, avg. circle size, avg. circling speed, avg. time incount, avg. circle size, avg. circling speed, avg. time incircle)circle)
Sociality Cage (preference to visit specific compartmentsSociality Cage (preference to visit specific compartmentsin cage)in cage)
Estimation of energy useEstimation of energy use (in development)(in development)
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Detection of behaviorsDetection of behaviors
LABORAS distinguishes more than 16LABORAS distinguishes more than 16different rat and mouse behavioursdifferent rat and mouse behaviours
Normal behavioursNormal behaviours LocomotionLocomotion
ImmobilityImmobility
RearingRearing
ClimbingClimbing
EatingEating
DrinkingDrinking
GroomingGrooming
Special behavioursSpecial behaviours Scratching (mice)Scratching (mice)
Seizures - tonic-clonic convulsions,Seizures - tonic-clonic convulsions,barrel-rolls, Racine P4 and P5barrel-rolls, Racine P4 and P5(mice)(mice)
Hind limb licking / Formalin testHind limb licking / Formalin test
(rat)(rat) Purposeless chewing (rat)Purposeless chewing (rat)
Wet dog shakes (rat)Wet dog shakes (rat)
Headshakes (rat)Headshakes (rat)
Head twitches (rat)Head twitches (rat)
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LABORASLABORASconfigurationsconfigurations
Configuration variablesConfiguration variabless Up to to 8 measurement platforms connected to oneUp to to 8 measurement platforms connected to one
computercomputers Species: mice, rat or bothSpecies: mice, rat or boths Tracking and Behavior software modules:Tracking and Behavior software modules:
TrackingTracking
Normal behaviorsNormal behaviors
Special behaviorsSpecial behaviors
s Integration with Telemetry (Behavior & Psychology)Integration with Telemetry (Behavior & Psychology)s Sociality Cage (special cage that enables sociability test)Sociality Cage (special cage that enables sociability test)s User interface specialsUser interface specials
GLPGLP
Independent start of the platformsIndependent start of the platforms
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Examples of resultsExamples of results
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Examples of resultsExamples of results
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LABORAS QualificationLABORAS Qualification(1/6)(1/6)
s Operational Validation:Operational Validation: Does LABORAS performs as advertisedDoes LABORAS performs as advertised
Explained in the following sheetsExplained in the following sheets
s Pharmacological ValidationPharmacological Validation Does LABORAS assist me with my researchDoes LABORAS assist me with my research
Metris role to assistMetris role to assist E.g. new experiments or new algorithmsE.g. new experiments or new algorithms
s CertificatesCertificates
GLP (Laboratory req.) , CE / FCC (electricalGLP (Laboratory req.) , CE / FCC (electrical
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LABORAS QualificationLABORAS Qualification(2/6)(2/6)
Camera
Platform
Electronics
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timet
durationTestT
TatobserverstimecumulativeofmeancumTObs
tatobserverstimecumulativeofmeancumtObs
tatLABORAStimecumulativecumtLab
cumcumobscumcum TObsTtObsttObstLab
=
=
=
=
=
+++
)(
)(
)(
)(%4%1)(%5)(5.1)()(
Grooming (Rat14) : 90%
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Time (s)
Cumulat.timeGroomin
LABORAS
Alex
Lee
Mean Obs
Boundary-
Boundary+
LABORAS QualificationLABORAS Qualification(3/6)(3/6)
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LABORAS QualificationLABORAS Qualification(4/6)(4/6)
Immobility (Rat01): 90%
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
0 600 1200 1800 2400 3000 3600
Time (s)
Cumulativetime(s)
LABORAS
Alex
Tania
Heleen
Mean Obs.
Bound -10%
Bound +10%
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LABORAS QualificationLABORAS Qualification(5/6)(5/6)
Validation ResultsValidation Results Correlation with human observers (accordingCorrelation with human observers (according
to validation criterion)to validation criterion)
Locomotion, ClimbingLocomotion, Climbing > 95%> 95% Immobility, GroomingImmobility, Grooming > 90%> 90% Eating, Drinking, RearingEating, Drinking, Rearing > 80%> 80%
Special behaviorsSpecial behaviors > 80-90%> 80-90%
Since 2001Since 2001 400 400 platforms are delivered andplatforms are delivered andover 50 references on our website support theover 50 references on our website support thevalue of LABORAS as experienced byvalue of LABORAS as experienced byresearchersresearchers
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LABORAS QualificationLABORAS Qualification(6/6)(6/6)
Development of new algorithmsDevelopment of new algorithms Good animal behavior definitionGood animal behavior definition
Proper definition of the experiment protocolProper definition of the experiment protocol
- and use of the LABORAS experiment administration- and use of the LABORAS experiment administration
Choice of pharmacological relevant behaviorsChoice of pharmacological relevant behaviors
Good correlation with the real behavior (acceptationGood correlation with the real behavior (acceptation
criterion)criterion)- Not always human observer reference- Not always human observer reference
Results presentationResults presentation- Recording and Presentation of result data- Recording and Presentation of result data
- Use of previous raw data/ result summaries- Use of previous raw data/ result summaries
Enabling the full benefit of LABORASEnabling the full benefit of LABORAS
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Examples ofExamples of
performanceperformance
Normal BehavioNormal Behaviou(rat)(rat)
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Examples ofExamples of
performanceperformance
Wet DogWet DogShakesShakes
(rat)(rat)
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Examples ofExamples of
performanceperformance
HeadHeadTwitchesTwitches
(rat)(rat)
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Examples ofExamples of
performanceperformance
CirclingCircling(rat)(rat)
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Examples ofExamples of
performanceperformance
Sociality Cage (mice)Sociality Cage (mice)
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Applications LABORASApplications LABORAS
s LABORAS application areas are:LABORAS application areas are:
(behavioral assessment in)(behavioral assessment in) Drug DevelopmentDrug Development PhenotypingPhenotyping
Safety PharmacologySafety Pharmacology Lab. animal scienceLab. animal science ToxicologyToxicology
s Typical customers areTypical customers are::
Pharmaceutical CorpPharmaceutical Corp CROs (Contract Research Org.)CROs (Contract Research Org.) Academic institutesAcademic institutes Lab. animal suppliersLab. animal suppliers
HospitalsHospitals GovernmentalGovernmental
OrganizationsOrganizations
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Applications LABORASApplications LABORAS
Monitoring of behavioral changes and effects in:Monitoring of behavioral changes and effects in:
s Drug Development Drug Discovery research Efficacy studies of new compounds
Long term observation tests (e.g. circadian rhytm,eat-drink patterns)
Experimentally induced behaviors (e.g. grooming,drinking, movement patterns, hindlimb-licking / formalin-test, scratching, WDS, Head Shakes)
s Safety Pharmacologys Toxicologys Phenotyping research
High Capacity Phenotyping with transgenic mice
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Applications LABORASApplications LABORAS
s Animal models based on behavioral assessmentin home cage environment Normal behaviors
Drug induced behaviorss Pain studies
Automated Formalin Test
s Social Interaction Preference studies (with stranger and familiar mouse
Sociality cage)s Animal welfare studies
Cage enrichment studies
Behavioral effects of manipulation of animal
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Applications LABORASApplications LABORAS
Examples of LABORAS applications in drug discoveryExamples of LABORAS applications in drug discovery
Analysis of social behavior (for
amongst other Autism research)
Sociability Test
Skin protective effectsDermatology test (scratching)
Integrated cardiovascular, CNS
and behavioral data
Telemetry & Behavior
Analgesic propertiesPain test (formaline induced
hindlimb licking)
E.g. sedative, stimulant,
anxiolytic, anxiogenic properties
Open field test
Adverse drug effectsPrimary observation test
Target discovery for future drug
development
Behavioral phenotyping
transgenic mice
RESULTTEST
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Applications LABORASApplications LABORAS
Pharmacological efficacy of
(potential) leadsPharmacological antagonist
efficacy, eg. anticonvulsant
activity
Effect on Pharmacologically
induced effects, such as m-CPP hypolocomotion and
hypophagia 8-OH-DPAT hyperlocomotion d-Amphetamine hyperactivity Angiotensin II polydypsia
Orexin-A induced grooming Excessive climbing Turning/circling behavior Wet Dog Shakes (WDS) Head Shake & Head Twitch Seizure
RESULTSTEST
Examples of LABORAS applications in drug discoveryExamples of LABORAS applications in drug discovery
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Applications LABORASApplications LABORAS
Hypo- or hyperphagia; Hypo- or
polydipsia
Disturbed feeding / drinking
patterns (Eating / Drinking)
Metabolic effectsEnergy spend
Detailed Exploration/Anxiety
measure
Sniffing, Digging, JumpingEfficacy and safety issuesHeart beat
Adverse effectsRespiration
FUTURE APPLICATIONS
Antagonism of pharmacologically
induced effects, such as Dyskinesia Startle response
NEAR FUTURE APPLICATIONS
Examples of LABORAS applications in drug discoveryExamples of LABORAS applications in drug discovery
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Overall benefits LABORASOverall benefits LABORAS
General benefits for customerGeneral benefits for customer Standard and objective methodStandard and objective method
Eliminates inter- and intra observer deviationEliminates inter- and intra observer deviation
Does not require trained or experienced ratersDoes not require trained or experienced raters
Reduces time & costs (>75% reduction)Reduces time & costs (>75% reduction)
Results are almost immediately availableResults are almost immediately available
Many independent parameters can beMany independent parameters can bemeasured with just one system (Tracking &measured with just one system (Tracking &
behavior recognition combined in singlebehavior recognition combined in single
system)system)
Growth potential to determine several newGrowth potential to determine several new
behavioral and tracking parametersbehavioral and tracking parameters
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Overall benefits LABORASOverall benefits LABORAS
Important benefits for experimentImportant benefits for experiment Independent of light conditionsIndependent of light conditions
Home cage environment and non-invasiveHome cage environment and non-invasivemethod (stress minimized)method (stress minimized)
Large scale observational experimentsLarge scale observational experiments
possiblepossible
Long test periods possibleLong test periods possible More consistent resultsMore consistent results
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SONOTRACKSONOTRACK
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What is SONOTRACK?What is SONOTRACK?
SONOTRACK records, visualizes and plays backSONOTRACK records, visualizes and plays backUltrasound CallsUltrasound Calls
SONOTRACK records theSONOTRACK records the full spectrumfull spectrum fromfrom15kHz up to 100kHz15kHz up to 100kHz
SONOTRACK recordsSONOTRACK records 4 independent4 independent ultrasoundultrasoundchannelschannels
SONOTRACK can easily be adjusted toSONOTRACK can easily be adjusted toexperimental environment and isexperimental environment and is easy to useeasy to use
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Ultrasonic VocalizationsUltrasonic VocalizationsHearing range of Animals
chinchil
shee
hors
co
raccoo ra
bb
ferre
do h
edgeho
guineap
gerbi
cat
opossu
rat
mous b
a
belugawha
porpoi
mot
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
chinchilla
sheep
horse
cow
raccoon
rabbit
ferret
dog
he
dgehog
gu
ineapig
gerbil
cat
opossum
rat
mouse
bat
belug
awhale
porpoise
moth
Freq.range(
Log
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What is SONOTRACKWhat is SONOTRACK
SONOTRACK can be used for long termSONOTRACK can be used for long term
experimentsexperiments
SONOTRACK recognizes and counts UltrasonicSONOTRACK recognizes and counts Ultrasonic
Vocalizations in user definable frequencyVocalizations in user definable frequency
bandsbands
SONOTRACK offers a new approach forSONOTRACK offers a new approach forcharacterization of animal behaviorcharacterization of animal behavior
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SONOTRACK ApplicationsSONOTRACK Applications
SONOTRACK can be used to monitor animalSONOTRACK can be used to monitor animalwelfare and interaction between animalswelfare and interaction between animalsbased on the ultrasonic vocalizations of thebased on the ultrasonic vocalizations of the
animalsanimals
Typical research areas:Typical research areas: PainPain
AnxietyAnxiety
StressStress DepressionDepression
Social interactionSocial interaction
Animal WelfareAnimal Welfare
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SONOTRACK ApplicationsSONOTRACK Applications
Playback of Ultrasounds to the animalPlayback of Ultrasounds to the animal(stimulus)(stimulus)- playing back parts or complete recordings- playing back parts or complete recordings
- playing back specific (artificial) frequency- playing back specific (artificial) frequencypatternspatterns
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Examples of resultsExamples of results
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Examples of resultsExamples of results
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Examples of resultsExamples of results
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Examples of ResultsExamples of Results
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Examples of resultsExamples of results
MarmosetMarmoset
Rats, Mother & PupRats, Mother & Pup
Ultrasound VocalizationsUltrasound Vocalizations
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Example of resultsExample of results
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What isWhat isSleepSign?SleepSign?s Software for scoring of sleep stagesSoftware for scoring of sleep stages
s Based on EMG and EEG signalsBased on EMG and EEG signals
s Sleep stages can be scored in a manual modeSleep stages can be scored in a manual modeas well as well as automaticallyas well as well as automatically
s Scores pre-assigned sleep stages (such as REM,Scores pre-assigned sleep stages (such as REM,WAKE, SWS) and up to 3 user defined vigilanceWAKE, SWS) and up to 3 user defined vigilancestagesstages
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Special featuresSpecial features
s Works with wireless or wired EMG and EEGWorks with wireless or wired EMG and EEG
signalssignalss In depth analysis using Hypnograms and TrendIn depth analysis using Hypnograms and Trend
GraphsGraphs
s Various analysis functions, incl. Stage Graphs,Various analysis functions, incl. Stage Graphs,
Vigilance State Parameter Display, FFT analysisVigilance State Parameter Display, FFT analysiss Integrated with VideoIntegrated with Video
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Application areasApplication areas
s Pharmaceutical ResearchPharmaceutical Research
s Sleep Disorder Studies and SleepSleep Disorder Studies and Sleeppattern Analysispattern Analysis
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Integration of SystemsIntegration of Systems
Integration of systems such as LABORAS, Video,Integration of systems such as LABORAS, Video,DSI Telemetry, SonoTrack & SleepsignDSI Telemetry, SonoTrack & Sleepsign
Less Experiments & Experimental lead timeLess Experiments & Experimental lead time
Less Resources (animals, researchers & money)Less Resources (animals, researchers & money)
Integrated analysis of parameters from differentIntegrated analysis of parameters from differentdomains collected from the same experimentdomains collected from the same experiment
- Behavioral data and Tracking dataBehavioral data and Tracking data- Psychological dataPsychological data
- SoundsSounds
- Sleep stagesSleep stages
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Integration of SystemsIntegration of Systems
WithWithSonotrackSonotrack
LABORASLABORAS WithWithSleepSignSleepSign
Example of integration in LaborasExample of integration in Laboras
ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Behavior and external / internal conditionsBehavior and external / internal conditionsEnvironmentEnvironment -- External conditionExternal condition
Process in the Body Internal conditionProcess in the Body Internal condition
The study of animalThe study of animalbehaviour, particularlybehaviour, particularly
from evolutionary andfrom evolutionary and
ecological viewpoints,ecological viewpoints,
has been one of thehas been one of the
major growing pointsmajor growing pointsin biology over the lastin biology over the last
15 years.15 years.
G &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGYBasic structureBasic structure
BEHAVIOR =BEHAVIOR =Function { Internal stimulus, external stimulus}Function { Internal stimulus, external stimulus}
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Information filtering and DecisionInformation filtering and Decision
Internal
Stimuli
External
Stimuli
Behaviorr
Decision
Animal
Body
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGYAnimal behavior and environmentAnimal behavior and environment
Sensory systemSensory system
1. inernoreceptor convey information within1. inernoreceptor convey information within
organismsorganisms2. Proprioreceptor- report information position of the2. Proprioreceptor- report information position of the
body partbody part
3. Externoreceptor- obtains information about the3. Externoreceptor- obtains information about the
outside (environment and ecology)outside (environment and ecology)
4. Sometoreceptor capture events on the body4. Sometoreceptor capture events on the body
surfacesurface
5. Teloreceptor- monitor stimuli at a distance from5. Teloreceptor- monitor stimuli at a distance from
the bodythe body
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Animal behavior and environmentAnimal behavior and environment
StructureStructure
1. Information1. Information2. Motivation2. Motivation
3. Development3. Development
4. Decision4. Decision
Types of informationTypes of information
Genetics- evolutionGenetics- evolutionCompetition and RiskCompetition and Risk
Investigation informationInvestigation information
RecognitionRecognition
AnalysisAnalysis
Data monitoryData monitorySaving and summariseSaving and summarise
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Information ProcessInformation Process
Transform
Information
Filtering
Detection
Information
Sensory cells
Transmit
Information
Nerve cells
Chemical
messenger
Integration
Information
Nerve Cells
Action
Information
Muscle Cells
Store
Information
Cognition and
brain
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Processing information in the animal bodyProcessing information in the animal body
SensoryCells NerveCells
Chemical
messengers MuscleCells
Behavior
Sensory Cells
Pick up different changes in the
environmentNerve Cells
Transmit and integrate information
Chemical messenger
Transmit Chemical information (more
leisurely time than nervous system)
Muscle CellsTransform information from the nervous
system into action
ENERGY &ENERGY &
-
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Nervous System (CNS)Nervous System (CNS)Advanced nervous systemAdvanced nervous system
have five major components,have five major components,
linking stimulus perception andlinking stimulus perception and
motor respond.motor respond.
Sensory Cells
Sensory Neuron
Motor Neuron
Interneuron Effector
Sensory Cells acting sensorySensory Cells acting sensory
as sensory receptoras sensory receptor
Sensory Neuron-carryingSensory Neuron-carrying
impulses from the sense cellsimpulses from the sense cells
Motor neurons - carryingMotor neurons - carrying
impulses into effector cellsimpulses into effector cells
Interneuron- linking sensorInterneuron- linking sensor
neuron and motor neuronneuron and motor neuron
Effector- Effector organEffector- Effector organ
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGYAnimal behavior and environmentAnimal behavior and environment
BEHAVIOR= Function {BEHAVIOR= Function {Process in the BodyProcess in the Body, nervousnervous
system structure, nervous function, hormonal effects ,system structure, nervous function, hormonal effects ,biological clocks, perceptual mechanisms, Genes,biological clocks, perceptual mechanisms, Genes,
internal/external stimulus filtering}internal/external stimulus filtering}
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
External factor and environmental variables
Temperature = function { temperature control Unit , CV }Temperature = function { temperature control Unit , CV }
Airflow = function air-conditioning}Airflow = function air-conditioning}
Barometric pressure = function { place, time }Barometric pressure = function { place, time }
Humidity = function { office level or place }Humidity = function { office level or place }
Visual effect = function { walking researchers in the laboratory}Visual effect = function { walking researchers in the laboratory}
Light = function { lights control unit}Light = function { lights control unit}
Sounds = function { sounds generating equipment, voices }Sounds = function { sounds generating equipment, voices }Vibration = function { refrigerators, ventilators, PCs, specific equipment }Vibration = function { refrigerators, ventilators, PCs, specific equipment }
Elektromagnetic waves = function{ transmitting equipment, magnets}Elektromagnetic waves = function{ transmitting equipment, magnets}
Smell = function {specific gases, parfums, etc,}Smell = function {specific gases, parfums, etc,}
ENERGY &ENERGY &
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ENERGY &ENERGY &
PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY
Rule of energy preservation of theRule of energy preservation of thebodybody
E = K + P = constantE = K + P = constant (Formula(Formula of energetic balance)of energetic balance)s Potential Energy of the BodyPotential Energy of the Body
P = U+P = U+ (( TT
++PP
))
-U-U is the change in biochemical energyis the change in biochemical energy
- - is the internal energyis the internal energy
- T- T is the entropy energyis the entropy energy
- Pv- Pv is the thermodynamic energyis the thermodynamic energy
THE IMPORTANCE OF THETHE IMPORTANCE OF THE ENERGYENERGY
-
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PARAMETER INPARAMETER IN
BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGYBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY
sKinetical energy of bodyKinetical energy of body
E (Locomotion) = Mv/2E (Locomotion) = Mv/2
VV = velocity, M = total mass of body= velocity, M = total mass of body
E (Oscillation) = m R/2E (Oscillation) = m R/2
= radial frequency, R = radius of oscillation, = radial frequency, R = radius of oscillation,
m = mass of oscillating body partm = mass of oscillating body part
Mv/2Mv/2 mmR/2R/2++ E k =E k =
THE IMPORTANCE OF THETHE IMPORTANCE OF THE ENERGYENERGY
-
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PARAMETER INPARAMETER IN
BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGYBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY
s Kinetical energy of bodyKinetical energy of bodyE (E (LocomotionLocomotion)) is the kinetic energyis the kinetic energy
resulting from:resulting from: Locomotion, Walking, Rearing, ClimbingLocomotion, Walking, Rearing, Climbing
E (E (OscillationOscillation)) is the kinetic energyis the kinetic energy
resulting from different repetitiveresulting from different repetitivemovements:movements:
Scratching, Grooming , Chewing, Sniffing, Wet DogScratching, Grooming , Chewing, Sniffing, Wet Dog
Shakes, Head Shakes, Head Twitches, TremorsShakes, Head Shakes, Head Twitches, Tremors
DetectionDetection recognitionrecognition andand
-
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Detection,Detection, recognitionrecognition andand
registration ofregistration of behaviorbehavior
Locomotion
ScratchingFast up and down
movement of the hind
foot, rubbing the side of
the body, neck
and face.
Detection of behavioral featuresDetection of behavioral features
-
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LABORAS HS SignalLABORAS HS Signal
AnalogAnalog DigitalDigital
E (E (OscillationOscillation)) // E (E (LocomotionLocomotion))
-
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E (E (OscillationOscillation)) // E (E (LocomotionLocomotion))
spectrogramspectrogram
Energy spectrogram
012
34567
89
10
HT HSWDS
Paw
Licking
Scra
tchingSeizure
Groo
mingEatingDrinking
Chewing
Loco
mmotion
Rearing
Immo
bilityCl
imbing
Behavior
Energy
Energy
For Fast Efficient & Q alitFor Fast Efficient & Quality
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