Regional Policy contributing to smart growth in Europe 2020 (Eng) / Política Regional contribuyendo...

8/2/2019 Regional Policy contributing to smart growth in Europe 2020 (Eng) / Poltica Regional contribuyendo a un crecimient

1/15

HB HB

HB


2/15

HB HB

HX[G_HJB DGEENTTNGB

K{xtthit) 0":?";?:?

DGE#;?:?. 884 `nbji

DGEEXBNDJQNGB @[GE QCH DGEENTTNGB QG QCH HX[G_HJB

_J[INJEHBQ) QCH DGXBDNI) QCH HX[G_HJB HDGBGEND JBA TGDNJI

DGEENQQHH JBA QCH DGEENQQHH G@ QCH [HLNGBT

[hlngbji _gind~ dgbq{nkxqnbl qg tej{q l{g|qc nb Hx{gph ;?;?

THD#;?:?. ::34


3/15

HB ; HB

DGEEXBNDJQNGB @[GE QCH DGEENTTNGB QG QCH HX[G_HJB

_J[INJEHBQ) QCH DGXBDNI) QCH HX[G_HJB HDGBGEND JBA TGDNJI

DGEENQQHH JBA QCH DGEENQQHH G@ QCH [HLNGBT

[hlngbji _gind~ dgbq{nkxqnbl qg tej{q l{g|qc nb Hx{gph ;?;?

:" NBQ[GAXDQNGB

Qcnt Dgeexbndjqngb thqt gxq qch {gih g` [hlngbji _gind~ nb nepihehbqnbl qch Hx{gph ;?;?

tq{jqhl~):

nb qch j{hj g` tej{q l{g|qc jba nb pj{qndxij{ qch `ijltcnp nbnqnjqnh) +Nbbgjqngb

Xbngb+" Jt cnlcinlcqha k~ qch Hx{gphjb Dgxbdni);

[hlngbji _gind~ djb xbigdf qch l{g|qc

pgqhbqnji g` qch HX k~ p{gegqnbl nbbgjqngb nb jii {hlngbt) |cnih hbtx{nbl dgepihehbqj{nq~

khq|hhb HX) bjqngbji jba {hlngbji txppg{q `g{ nbbgjqngb) [&A) hbq{hp{hbhx{tcnp jba NDQ"

Nbahha) [hlngbji _gind~ nt j fh~ ehjbt g` qx{bnbl qch p{ng{nqnht g` qch Nbbgjqngb Xbngb nbqg

p{jdqndji jdqngb gb qch l{gxba"

Nq aght tg k~ d{hjqnbl `jgx{jkih dgbanqngbt `g{ nbbgjqngb) haxdjqngb jba {hthj{dc tg

hbdgx{jlnbl [&A jba fbg|ihalh%nbqhbtnh nbhtqehbq jba eght qg|j{at cnlch{ jixh

jaaha jdqnnqnht" Nq djb tg chip ehhq qch ejmg{ dcjiihblh `g{ Ehekh{ Tqjqht jba {hlngbt g`

nbd{hjtnbl nbbgjqngb djpjdnq~ jba [&A nb kxtnbhttht jba tq{hblqchbnbl qchn{ inbft |nqc

xbnh{tnqnht jba {hthj{dc dhbq{ht"

[hlngbt cjh j dhbq{ji {gih jt qch~ j{h qch p{nej{~ nbtqnqxqngbji pj{qbh{ `g{ xbnh{tnqnht) gqch{

{hthj{dc jba haxdjqngb nbtqnqxqht jba TEHt) |cndc j{h fh~ qg qch p{gdhtt g` nbbgjqngb)

ejfnbl qche jb nbantphbtjkih pj{q g` qch Hx{gph ;?;? tq{jqhl~"

Qcnt Dgeexbndjqngb dgepihehbqt qch gbh gb qch Nbbgpjqngb Xbngb k~ djiinbl gb pgind~%ejfh{t nb Ehekh{ Tqjqht jq jii ihhit qg jdq |nqcgxq ahij~ qg nbhtq eg{h g` qch {htgx{dht tqnii

jjnijkih `{ge qch Hx{gphjb [hlngbji Ahhigpehbq @xba #H[A@. nb qch p{hthbq

p{gl{jeenbl ph{nga gb tej{q l{g|qc" Qch agdxehbq `n{tq iggft jq |cjq nt qch tnqxjqngb nb

{hlngbt |nqc {htphdq qg [&A jba nbbgjqngb jba jq qch {htgx{dht {hlngbt cjh pijbbha qg

nbhtq nb qchth j{hjt" Nq qchb ahtd{nkht qch ejnb hihehbqt g` j tq{hblqchbha h``g{q nb txppg{q g`

[&A jba nbbgjqngb xbah{ HX [hlngbji _gind~" Nq dgbdixaht k~ pxqqnbl `g{|j{a dgbd{hqh

nahjt `g{ nepihehbqnbl txdc h``g{qt"

;" [HLNGBJI NBBGPJQNGB _GQHBQNJI JBA DCJIIHBLHT

Qch Nbbgjqngb Xbngb nt kjtha gb j k{gja dgbdhpq g` nbbgjqngb hbdgepjttnbl bgq gbi~ bh|

g{ nep{gha p{gaxdqt jba p{gdhttht) kxq jitg th{ndht) bh| ej{fhqnbl) k{jbanbl jba ahtnlb

ehqcgat jba bh| `g{et g` kxtnbhtt g{ljbntjqngb jba dgiijkg{jqnh j{{jblhehbqt" Nbbgjqngb

nt nbd{hjtnbli~ xbah{tqgga jt jb gphb t~tqhe |ch{h an``h{hbq jdqg{t dgiijkg{jqh jba nbqh{jdq"

Jddg{anbli~) pxkind txppg{q `g{ nbbgjqngb bhhat qg jajpq qg qcnt dcjblh) dgepihehbqnbl

h``g{qt qg txppg{q {hthj{dc jba qhdcbgigl~ |nqc p{gegqnbl gphb dgiijkg{jqngb khq|hhb jii

tqjfhcgiah{t"

: DGE #;?:?.;?;? ,Hx{gph ;?;?= j tq{jqhl~ `g{ tej{q txtqjnbjkih jba nbdixtnh l{g|qc,"; Dgxbdni g` qch HX HXDG :4':?) :


4/15

HB 4 HB

Txdc txppg{q nt mxtqn`nha tnbdh ej{fhq `g{dht djbbgq ji|j~t hbtx{h jahzxjqh igbl%qh{e `xbanbl

`g{ nbhtqehbq axh qg an``h{hbdht khq|hhb tgdnji jba p{njqh {hqx{bt) xbdh{qjnb gxqdgeht)

jt~eehq{~ g` nb`g{ejqngb jba t~tqhe `jnix{h #h"l" nbh``ndnhbq {hlxijqngb." _xkind nbqh{hbqngb nt

hzxjii~ nepg{qjbq qg `jdninqjqh dcjblh" Qch lhgl{jpc~ g` nbbgjqngb nt cg|hh{ h{~ anh{th

|nqc dh{qjnb {hlngbt dgephqnbl |g{ia|nah gb qch qhdcbgiglndji `{gbqnh{) jba gqch{ tq{xllinbl qg

egh digth{ qg qcjq `{gbqnh{ k~ jagpqnbl jba jajpqnbl nbbgjqnh tgixqngbt qg qchn{ tphdn`nd

tnqxjqngb #+nbbgjqngb annah+." _xkind txppg{q bhhat qg qjnig{ tq{jqhl~ jba nbqh{hbqngbt qg{h`ihdq qcnt anh{tnq~"

;":" [hlngbji anh{tnq~ jq qch th{ndh g` j dgeegb lgji= tej{q l{g|qc

Qg {hjdc qch Hx{gph ;?;? gkmhdqnh g` tej{q l{g|qc) qch `xii nbbgjqngb pgqhbqnji g` HX

{hlngbt bhhat qg kh egknintha" Nbbgjqngb nt nepg{qjbq `g{ jii {hlngbt6 `g{ jajbdha gbht qg

{hejnb jchja jba ijllnbl gbht qg djqdc xp"4

Ejp := [hlngbji Nbbgjqngb _h{`g{ejbdh Nbahs

Qch fbg|ihalh jba nbbgjqngb djpjdnq~ g` {hlngbt ahphbat gb ejb~ `jdqg{t qch kxtnbhtt

dxiqx{h) |g{f `g{dh tfniit) haxdjqngb jba q{jnbnbl nbtqnqxqngbt) nbbgjqngb txppg{q th{ndht)

qhdcbgigl~ q{jbt`h{ ehdcjbntet) [&A jba NDQ nb`{jtq{xdqx{h) qch egkninq~ g` {hthj{dch{t)

kxtnbhtt nbdxkjqg{t) bh| tgx{dht g` `nbjbdh jba qch igdji d{hjqnh pgqhbqnji" Lgga lgh{bjbdh

4 [" \nbqmht) C" Cgiijbah{t) +Qch {hlngbji nepjdq g` qhdcbgiglndji dcjblh nb ;?;?+"


5/15

HB 1 HB

nt jitg d{xdnji" _h{`g{ejbdh nb [&A jba nbbgjqngb j{nht ej{fhai~ jd{gtt qch HX jt tcg|b

k~ qch [hlngbji Nbbgjqngb _h{`g{ejbdh Nbahs #thh Ejp :.) j dgepgtnqh nbandjqg{ g` ejb~ g`

qchth jdqg{t"

Hzxjii~) qch ljp qg qch qj{lhq g` [&A hsphbanqx{h g` 4( g` LA_ j{nht l{hjqi~ jd{gtt

{hlngbt= gbi~ ;< {hlngbt nb qch HX) j{gxba gbh nb qhb cjh {hjdcha qcjq qj{lhq #thh Ejp ;.

Jlligeh{jqngb h``hdqt ihja qg [&A {htgx{dht dgbdhbq{jqnbl nb j `h| ihjanbl%halh {hlngbt#h"l" nb K{jxbtdc|hnl #Lh{ejb~. |ch{h [&A tphbanbl nt bhj{i~


6/15

HB 8 HB

Cg|hh{) qch txppg{q lnhb qg {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb k~ [hlngbji _gind~ j{nht l{hjqi~

jd{gtt {hlngbt #thh Ejp 4." Nq qhbat qg kh ij{lh{ nb eg{h jajbdha {hlngbt {hnb`g{dnbl j

n{qxgxt dn{dih g` nbbgjqngb%a{nhb l{g|qc" Qch pgind~ cjt qg |g{f nb digth dgg{anbjqngb |nqc

qch Dgeexbnq~ Nbbgjqngb _{gl{jeeh #DN_. jba qch 1

gbi~ HX[ ;; kniingb g{ ;0( g` qch HX[ 30 kniingb nbnqnjii~ pijbbha

xbah{ HX [hlngbji _gind~ `g{ {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb) nbdixanbl hbq{hp{hbhx{tcnp jba NDQ

j{h dx{{hbqi~ jiigdjqha qg p{gmhdqt #thh Dcj{q :.

Dcj{q := [jqh g` _{gl{htt nb nbbgjqngb p{gmhdq thihdqngb k~ Ehekh{ Tqjqh)

;??


8/15

HB < HB

xbah{tqjbanbl g` {hlngbji tq{hblqct {hijqnh qg gqch{ {hlngbt8

jba g` qch pgttnkih ljnb `g{

nbqh{%{hlngbji jba q{jbt%bjqngbji dggph{jqngb"

[jqch{ qcjb khnbl j tq{jqhl~ nepgtha `{ge jkgh) tej{q tphdnjintjqngb nbgiht kxtnbhttht)

{hthj{dc dhbq{ht jba xbnh{tnqnht |g{fnbl qglhqch{ qg nahbqn`~ j {hlngbt egtq p{gentnbl j{hjt

g` tphdnjintjqngb) kxq jitg qch |hjfbhttht qcjq cjeph{ nbbgjqngb" Nq qjfht jddgxbq g` qch

an``h{nbl djpjdnqnht g` {hlngbji hdgbgenht qg nbbgjqh" \cnih ihjanbl {hlngbt djb nbhtq nbjajbdnbl j lhbh{nd qhdcbgigl~ g{ th{ndh nbbgjqngb) `g{ gqch{t) nbhtqnbl nb nqt jppindjqngb

qg j pj{qndxij{ thdqg{ g{ {hijqha thdqg{t nt g`qhb eg{h `{xnq`xi"

Qch txtqjnbjkninq~ g` qch tq{jqhl~ |nii ahphba gb qch qnehinbhtt jba dgg{anbjqngb g` pgind~

ehjtx{ht) jba gb lgh{bjbdh) nbdixanbl |j~t g` hbljlnbl tqjfhcgiah{t" Nq extq nbdixah

ehdcjbntet `g{ pgind~ ihj{bnbl) nb pj{qndxij{ qc{gxlc phh{ {hnh|t) nbginbl pxkind g``ndnjit)

p{jdqnqngbh{t jba {hlngbji tqjfhcgiah{t" Tej{q tphdnjintjqngb bhhat qg hspignq {hlngbji

anh{tnq~) tqnexijqh dggph{jqngb jd{gtt bjqngbji jba {hlngbji kg{ah{t jba gphb xp bh|

gppg{qxbnqnht) k~ jgnanbl `{jlehbqjqngb jba hbtx{nbl qcjq fbg|ihalh `ig|t eg{h `{hhi~

jd{gtt qch HX"

\cjq tcgxia kh qch ejnb hihehbqt g` txdc tq{jqhlnht7 \nqcgxq qch jeknqngb qg kh hscjxtqnh)

tgeh fh~ nahjt j{h intqha khig|) |cndc {hlngbt djb xth nb an``h{hbq dgeknbjqngb qg ahtnlb

qchn{ tq{jqhl~ nb g{ah{ qg {h`ihdq qchn{ tphdn`nd tnqxjqngb"

4":" Nbbgjqngb dixtqh{t `g{ {hlngbji l{g|qc

Dixtqh{t % lhgl{jpcnd dgbdhbq{jqngbt g` dgepjbnht) g`qhb TEHt) |cndc nbqh{jdq |nqc hjdc

gqch{ jba |nqc dinhbqt jba txppinh{t jba g`qhb tcj{h j pggi g` tphdnjintq ijkgx{) kxtnbhtt jba

`nbjbdnji th{ndht) [&A jba q{jnbnbl `jdninqnht j{h jb nepg{qjbq hihehbq nb tej{q

tphdnjintjqngb tq{jqhlnht" Qch~ p{gnah j `jgx{jkih hbn{gbehbq qg `gtqh{ dgephqnqnhbhtt jba

a{nh nbbgjqngb" Txppg{q `g{ qchn{ ahhigpehbq bhhat qg kh dgbdhbq{jqha gb j{hjt g`dgepj{jqnh jajbqjlh"

4";" Nbbgjqngb%`{nhbai~ kxtnbhtt hbn{gbehbqt `g{ TEHt

J qc{nnbl TEH thdqg{ nt htthbqnji `g{ l{g|qc) mgkt jba nbbgjqngb jba tg `g{ dgchtngb" TEHt

j{h dhbq{ji qg qch HX hdgbge~= tgeh ;? eniingb g` qche jddgxbq `g{ jiegtq 0?( g` jixh%

jaaha jba q|g%qcn{at g` hepig~ehbq nb qch p{njqh thdqg{" Gh{ >;( j{h end{g `n{et

hepig~nbl `h|h{ qcjb :? phgpih"0

[hlngbji jba bjqngbji jxqcg{nqnht tcgxia qcxt txppg{q

nbbgjqngb%`{nhbai~ kxtnbhtt hbn{gbehbqt qg jttntq TEHt) [&A nbqhbtnh gbht htphdnjii~)

jba qch d{hjqngb g` bh| `n{et" Qch hs%pgtq hjixjqngb g` qch H[A@ nb ;???%;??0 `gxba qcjq

qcgxlc txppg{q jiig|ha d{hjqnbl jq ihjtq gbh eniingb mgkt jba nbd{hjtnbl nbhtqehbq nb{hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb) qch{h nt j bhha qg ejfh eg{h hsqhbtnh xth g` igjbt) hzxnq~ `nbjbdh

jba gqch{ `g{et g` `nbjbdnji hblnbhh{nbl"

4"4" In`higbl ihj{bnbl nb {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb

Ejb~ xbnh{tnqnht nb qch HX j{h chipnbl qg dgeeh{dnjinth {hthj{dc k~ nbd{hjtnbl qch

hbq{hp{hbhx{nji enbathq g` tqxahbqt jba k~ dgiijkg{jqnbl |nqc {hlngbji `n{et nb nbbgjqngb) tg

8 Khilnjb _{htnahbd~ nbpxq qg nb`g{eji dgephqnqnhbhtt dgxbdni) Mxi~ ;?:?"

0 +Nbbgjqngb pgind~ jq {hlngbji ihhi= D{j`qt jba TEH p{ng{nqnht `g{ qch bh| Nbbgjqngb Tq{jqhl~+ Antdxttngb pjph{ `{ge XHJ_EH thd{hqj{njq #;?:?."


9/15

HB 3 HB

khdgenbl eg{h tq{gbli~ nbgiha nb {hlngbji hdgbgend ahhigpehbq" Eg{h djtht g` qcnt fnba

j{h bhhaha"

Qch Hx{gphjb Nbtqnqxqh g` Nbbgjqngb jba Qhdcbgigl~ nt qch `n{tq nbnqnjqnh jnenbl qg kggtq qch

HX,t dgephqnqnhbhtt k~ `xii~ nbqhl{jqnbl cnlch{ haxdjqngb) {hthj{dc jba kxtnbhtt #qch

Fbg|ihalh Q{njblih. qg lhbh{jqh jba p{gegqh nbbgjqngb g` |g{ia%dijtt ihhi jba nepjdq"

Qch HNQ cjt qcxt jb nepg{qjbq dgbq{nkxqngb qg pij~ nb qch Hx{gphjb nbbgjqngb ijbatdjph"

Haxdjqngb) q{jnbnbl jba in`higbl ihj{bnbl) jt {h`h{{ha qg nb qch Hx{gph ;?;? ìjltcnp ,^gxqc gb

qch Egh, jba nb qch +Bh| tfniit `g{ bh| mgkt+ nbnqnjqnh) j{h nqji qg ahhigpnbl {hlngbji

djpjdnq~ qg nbbgjqh" @gdxttnbl tdcggi) gdjqngbji jba cnlch{ haxdjqngb dx{{ndxij gb

q{jbth{tji dgephqhbdht infh d{hjqnnq~) hbq{hp{hbhx{tcnp jba nbnqnjqnh |nii chip ~gxbl phgpih

qg ahhigp qchn{ `xii pgqhbqnji `g{ nbbgjqngb" Eg{h p{gmhdqt qg txppg{q h``hdqnh dggph{jqngb

khq|hhb jii q~pht g` haxdjqngb) q{jnbnbl nbtqnqxqngbt jba kxtnbhttht tcgxia kh p{gegqha k~ qch

H[A@"

4"1" Jqq{jdqnh {hlngbji {hthj{dc nb`{jtq{xdqx{h jba dhbq{ht g` dgephqhbdh

[hthj{dc nb`{jtq{xdqx{h nt dhbq{ji qg fbg|ihalh%kjtha nbbgjqngb t~tqhet" J qc{hh%p{gblha

jpp{gjdc nt bhhaha qg chip {hlngbt qg {hjinth qchn{ `xii pgqhbqnji= #n. ahhigp |g{ia%dijtt

{hthj{dc jba NDQ nb`{jtq{xdqx{h) kxnianbl gb hsntqnbl {hlngbji tdnhbqn`nd hsdhiihbdh qc{gxlc

Tq{xdqx{ji @xba txppg{q) #nn. htqjkintc bhq|g{ft g` {hthj{dc `jdninqnht `g{ ihtt {hthj{dc%

nbqhbtnh dgxbq{nht jba #nnn. ahhigp [hlngbji _j{qbh{ @jdninqnht #[_@." Qch `x{qch{

ahhigpehbq jba xth g` NDQ%kjtha h%nb`{jtq{xdqx{h qg nbqh{dgbbhdq jba `jdninqjqh dgiijkg{jqngb

khq|hhb lhgl{jpcndjii~ antph{tha {hthj{dc qhjet jba qch tcj{nbl g` tdnhbqn`nd {htgx{dht jba

fbg|ihalh nt j fh~ ehjbt g` agnbl qcnt"

Bjqngbji jba {hlngbji jxqcg{nqnht tcgxia dgbtnah{) nb pj{qndxij{) cg| HX [hlngbji _gind~ djb

dgbq{nkxqh qg qch ;?:8 gkmhdqnh g` qch Nbbgjqngb Xbngb ìjltcnp g` dgepihqnbl g{ nbnqnjqnbl0?( g` qch {hthj{dc nb`{jtq{xdqx{h dx{{hbqi~ nahbqn`nha k~ qch Hx{gphjb Tq{jqhl~ @g{xe gb

[hthj{dc Nb`{jtq{xdqx{ht #HT@[N."

4"8" D{hjqnnq~ jba dxiqx{ji nbaxtq{nht

Qch djpjdnq~ g` qch HX qg {hdgh{ `{ge qch d{ntnt jba ehhq igblh{%qh{e dcjiihblht {htqt bgq

gbi~ gb j tq{gbl nbaxtq{nji kjth kxq gb qch d{hjqnnq~ jba tfniit g` phgpih) lgh{bjbdh jba

tq{gbl tgdnji jixht tginaj{nq~) {htphdq `g{ qch hbn{gbehbq) gphbbhtt jba dxiqx{ji anh{tnq~"

Dxiqx{ji jba d{hjqnh nbaxtq{nht) |cndc ìgx{ntc jq qch igdji jba {hlngbji ihhi) j{h nb j

tq{jqhlnd pgtnqngb qg inbf d{hjqnnq~ jba nbbgjqngb" Qch~ djb chip qg kggtq igdji hdgbgenht)

tqnexijqh bh| jdqnnqnht) d{hjqh bh| jba txtqjnbjkih mgkt) cjh nepg{qjbq tpnii%gh{ h``hdqt gb

gqch{ nbaxtq{nht jba hbcjbdh qch jqq{jdqnhbhtt g` {hlngbt jba dnqnht"< D{hjqnh nbaxtq{nht j{h

qch{h`g{h djqji~tqt `g{ tq{xdqx{ji dcjblh nb ejb~ nbaxtq{nji }gbht jba {x{ji j{hjt |nqc qch

pgqhbqnji qg {hmxhbjqh qchn{ hdgbgenht jba dgbq{nkxqh qg j dcjblh g` qch pxkind nejlh g`

{hlngbt"

Qch~ tcgxia kh nbqhl{jqha nbqg {hlngbji ahhigpehbq tq{jqhlnht nb g{ah{ qg hbtx{h jb h``hdqnh

pj{qbh{tcnp khq|hhb dnni tgdnhq~) kxtnbhttht jba pxkind jxqcg{nqnht jq {hlngbji) bjqngbji jba

Hx{gphjb ihhit"

< DGE#;?:?.:34 Xbigdfnbl qch pgqhbqnji g` dxiqx{ji jba d{hjqnh nbaxtq{nht, "


10/15

HB > HB

4"0" Anlnqji Jlhbaj

Qch Anlnqji Jlhbaj jnet qg ahinh{ txtqjnbjkih hdgbgend jba tgdnji khbh`nqt `{ge j anlnqji

tnblih ej{fhq kjtha gb `jtq nbqh{bhq jppindjqngbt jba gphb xp jdhtt qg dgbqhbq gb inbh"

[hlngbji _gind~ txppg{q `g{ k{gjakjba nb ;???%;??0 jba ;??


11/15

HB :? HB

1" NBD[HJTNBL T^BH[LNHT KHQ\HHB _GIND^ NBTQ[XEHBQT

Qch Dgxbdni3

jba qch Hx{gphjb _j{injehbq>

tq{httha qch nepg{qjbdh g` tq{hblqchbnbl t~bh{l~

khq|hhb HX txppg{q pgindnht nb qch j{hj g` {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb" Qch~ djiiha gb qch

Dgeenttngb qg hspig{h `x{qch{ |j~t g` cj{egbntnbl jba tnepin`~nbl qch {xiht jba p{gdhax{ht

`g{ qch ehjtx{ht dgbdh{bha jba qg hsjenbh qch nbqh{%inbfjlht khq|hhb qche) nb g{ah{ qg

p{gnah lxnajbdh jba qg `gtqh{ dggph{jqngb |nqc bjqngbji jba {hlngbji kganht nbgiha nb qchn{nepihehbqnbl"

Tnbdh qchb) j bxekh{ g` tqhpt cjh khhb qjfhb qg txppg{q kgqc qcgth an{hdqi~ nbgiha nb

nbbgjqngb jba pxkind kganht {htpgbtnkih `g{ ahtnlbnbl {hlngbji nbbgjqngb t~tqhet jba

p{gnanbl txppg{q th{ndht" @g{ qch `g{eh{) qch Dgeenttngb cjt pxkintcha j +_{jdqndji

lxnah+:?

`g{ {hthj{dch{t jba hbqh{p{ntht" @g{ pgind~%ejfh{t jq bjqngbji jba {hlngbji ihhi)

h``g{qt j{h khnbl ejah qg nb`g{e qche g` igdji {hdnpnhbqt g` HX `xbanbl qg nbd{hjth qch

pgqhbqnji `g{ t~bh{l~ khq|hhb qch jdqnnqnht dgbdh{bha"

Qch Dgeenttngb th{ndht j{h hspig{nbl) |nqc Ehekh{ Tqjqht jba {hlngbji jxqcg{nqnht) cg| `j{

qch dg%`xbaha p{gl{jeeht djb p{gnah dgepihehbqj{~ `nbjbdnji txppg{q qg @_< `g{=

qch dgbtq{xdqngb g` {hthj{dc nb`{jtq{xdqx{h `g{hthhb nb qch HT@[N [gjaejp

p{gmhdqt xbah{ qch @_< [hthj{dc _gqhbqnji jdqngb |cndc |h{h pgtnqnhi~ hjixjqha kxq dgxia

bgq kh `xbaha axh qg ijdf g` {htgx{dht"

J `x{qch{ pgttnkninq~ nt `g{ Ehekh{ Tqjqht jba {hlngbt qg jagpq khtq p{jdqndht `{ge qch

ejbjlhehbq g` @_< p{gmhdqt jba) qc{gxlc qch xth g` nbqh{bjqngbji phh{ {hnh|) qg nahbqn`~

`xbanbl p{ng{nqnht `g{ {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb nb HX [hlngbji _gind~ p{gl{jeeht"

Tdnhbdh jba qhdcbgigl~ pj{ft) jt |hii jt kxtnbhtt nbdxkjqg{t) j{h nepg{qjbq nb `jdninqjqnblnbbgjqngb jba tqnexijqnbl {hlngbji ahhigpehbq"::

Qch Dgeenttngb cjt {hdhbqi~ p{gaxdha j

,Tej{q Lxnah qg Nbbgjqngb%Kjtha Nbdxkjqg{t, `g{ {hlngbji pgind~ ejfh{t":;

Qch Hbqh{p{nth Hx{gph Bhq|g{f nt jbdcg{ha nb igdji jba {hlngbji kxtnbhtt jba nbbgjqngb

txppg{q kganht) ejb~ g` |cndc j{h {htpgbtnkih `g{ ejbjlnbl qch H[A@" Qch Bhq|g{f

p{gegqht TEH pj{qndnpjqngb nb @_< jba DN_ p{gmhdqt jba `gtqh{t qhdcbgigl~ q{jbt`h{ jba

kxtnbhtt pj{qbh{tcnpt) tg chipnbl dgepjbnht qg lhq dgbbhdqha qg q{jbt%bjqngbji nbbgjqngb jba

fbg|ihalh bhq|g{ft" Qch Bhq|g{f jitg nbd{hjtht qch djpjdnq~ g` igdji jba {hlngbji pj{qbh{

g{ljbntjqngbt qg g``h{ txppg{q th{ndht jajpqha qg qch nbd{hjtnbli~ ligkji jixh dcjnbt"

Eg{hgh{) jq HX ihhi) txppg{q `g{ q{jbtbjqngbji p{gl{jeeht #h"l" qch Kjiqnd Thj Tq{jqhl~.

jba nbqh{%{hlngbji dggph{jqngb #h"l" @_< [hlngbt g` Fbg|ihalh) DN_ dixtqh{ nbnqnjqnht jba

NBQH[[HL NPD jba X[KJDQ) nbdixanbl qch [hlngbt `g{ Hdgbgend Dcjblh nbnqnjqnh. chipt

{hlngbt qg pj{qndnpjqh eg{h nb {hthj{dc g` ligkji hsdhiihbdh jba nbd{hjth ihj{bnbl

gppg{qxbnqnht"

3 Dgbdixtngbt g` :< Ej~ ;?:?> H_ [htgixqngb #H_=J


12/15

HB :: HB

8" DGBDIXTNGBT

Qcnt Dgeexbndjqngb djiit gb Ehekh{ Tqjqht jba {hlngbt qg chip jqqjnb qch tej{q l{g|qc

gkmhdqnht g` Hx{gph ;?;? qc{gxlc [hlngbji _gind~ jba nqt `xbanbl) qch H[A@"

Ejmg{ dcjblht nb qch |j~ [hlngbji _gind~ gph{jqht djb gbi~ kh hbntjlha nb qch bhsq

exiqnjbbxji `nbjbdnji `{jeh|g{f" Cg|hh{) nb qch ijtq qc{hh ~hj{t g` qch dx{{hbq p{gl{jeenblph{nga) Ehekh{ Tqjqht jba {hlngbt djb ji{hja~ tqj{q {h`gdxtnbl qchn{ p{jdqndh" Qch jbbhs qg

qcnt dgeexbndjqngb txllhtqt |j~t g` kxnianbl gb {hlngbji anh{tnq~ jba hbtx{nbl jb h``ndnhbq

xth g` tdj{dh {htgx{dht k~ hspignqnbl t~bh{lnht khq|hhb `xbanbl tgx{dht jba khq|hhb qch

{hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb t~tqhet nb an``h{hbq {hlngbt" Qchth jdqngbt tcgxia kh thhb nb qch

dgbqhsq g` jba kh dgepihehbqj{~ qg qch +Nbbgjqngb Xbngb+ ìjltcnp nbnqnjqnh"

Jbbhs : Jdqngbt qg jqqjnb qch tej{q l{g|qc gkmhdqnht g` HX ;?;? qc{gxlc {hlngbji

pgind~ jba nqt `xbanbl

Jdqngb := Ahhigp tej{q tphdnjintjqngb tq{jqhlnht

Qcnt jdqngb jnet jq dgbdhbq{jqnbl {htgx{dht gb qch egtq p{gentnbl j{hjt g` dgepj{jqnh

jajbqjlh) h"l" gb dixtqh{t) hsntqnbl thdqg{t jba d{gtt%thdqg{ji jdqnnqnht) hdg%nbbgjqngb) cnlc

jixh%jaaha ej{fhqt g{ tphdn`nd {hthj{dc j{hjt" Qch ahhigpehbq g` txdc tq{jqhlnht djb tqj{q

neehanjqhi~) a{j|nbl gb txppg{q `g{ qhdcbndji jttntqjbdh jba txkmhdqnbl qche qg nbqh{bjqngbji

phh{ {hnh|"

N` qcnt jdqngb nt {hqjnbha) nq extq kh jddgepjbnha k~ q|g ìjbfnbl ehjtx{ht=

[hnb`g{dh H[A@ txppg{q `g{ haxdjqngb) {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb nb qch dx{{hbq ph{nga qg

kggtq nbhtqehbq nb qchth j{hjt) nbdixanbl k~ a{j|nbl gb dgepihehbqj{~ `xbanbl `{ge

@_< jba DN_" Qch `{jeh|g{f dgbanqngbt `g{ {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb jba j fbg|ihalh%

kjtha hdgbge~ tcgxia kh nep{gha k~ jinlbnbl H[A@ txppg{q |nqc qch Bjqngbji [h`g{e

_{gl{jeeh p{ng{nqnht #inbfha qg Lxnahinbh 1 g` qch Nbqhl{jqha Hdgbgend jba Hepig~ehbq

_gind~ Lxnahinbht."

Ejfh `xii xth g` qch ìhsnkninq~ nb qch HX [hlngbji _gind~ p{gl{jeeht qg {han{hdq `xbanbl

qg qcnt hba" Qch Dgeenttngb |nii txppg{q {hzxhtqt `g{ txdc {han{hdqngb qcjq jddg{at |nqc j

tej{q tphdnjintjqngb jpp{gjdc jba tphha%xp qchn{ jpp{gji"

Jdqngb ;= ejfnbl eg{h hsqhbtnh xth g` `nbjbdnji hblnbhh{nbl nbtq{xehbqt nb txppg{q g`

nbbgjqngb) nbdixanbl tg`q igjbt) lxj{jbqhht jba hbqx{h djpnqji) jddg{anbl qg qch q~ph jba tn}h

g` `n{e jba {ntf nbgiha" Qch hspjbtngb g` ihbanbl jba hzxnq~ `nbjbdnbl `g{ nbbgjqngb

qc{gxlc hsntqnbl nbtq{xehbqt) nbdixanbl qch HNK l{gxp) jba pj{qndxij{i~ qg TEHt tcgxia kh j

pgind~ p{ng{nq~6

Jdqngb 4= px{txnbl qch pgttnkninq~ #xbah{ J{qndih 4< #0.#k. g` [hlxijqngb HD Bg :?34';??0.

qg `nbjbdh nbqh{{hlngbji dggph{jqngb qg p{gegqh {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb xbah{ qch

Dgbh{lhbdh jba [hlngbji Dgephqnqnhbhtt Gkmhdqnht jba khqqh{ jddhtt qg nbqh{bjqngbji

{hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb bhq|g{ft xbah{ @_< jba DN_6

Jdqngb 1= hbtx{nbl dgch{hbdh khq|hhb txppi~ pxtc jba ahejba pxii {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb

pgind~) k~ ejfnbl xth g` qch gppg{qxbnqnht g``h{ha k~ pxkind p{gdx{hehbq dg%`nbjbdha k~

qch H[A@ qg nbd{hjth qch nbbgjqngb dgbqhbq g` p{gaxdqt) p{gdhttht jba th{ndht6


13/15

HB :; HB

Jdqngb 8= xtnbl nbqh{bjqngbji phh{ {hnh| k~ nbahphbahbq hsph{qt `g{ {hthj{dc p{gmhdqt

eg{h t~tqhejqndjii~ qg hbcjbdh qch h``hdqnhbhtt g` txppg{q6

Jdqngb 0= dgbtnah{nbl qch xth g` qch H[A@ `g{ `nbjbdnbl txnqjkih tcg{qintqha @_< jba DN_

p{gmhdqt6

Jdqngb


14/15

HB :4 HB

Jbbhs ;% Intq g` jdqngbt qg kh xbah{qjfhb k~ qch Dgeenttngb

Qg txppg{q qch jdqngb ehbqngbha nb Jbbhs : nb qch djth qch~ j{h {hqjnbha k~ qch Ehekh{

Tqjqht) qch Dgeenttngb |nii=

@jdninqjqh qch `g{exijqngb jba nepihehbqjqngb g` tej{q tphdnjintjqngb tq{jqhlnht k~

bjqngbji jba {hlngbji lgh{behbqt qc{gxlc=

ahhigpnbl j Tej{q Tphdnjintjqngb _ijq`g{e kh`g{h ;?:;) k{nblnbl qglhqch{

hsph{qnth `{ge xbnh{tnqnht) {hthj{dc dhbq{ht) {hlngbji jxqcg{nqnht) kxtnbhttht jba

Dgeenttngb th{ndht tg jt qg chip nahbqn`~ bhhat) tq{hblqct jba gppg{qxbnqnht6

ajqj) pgind~ jbji~tnt jba nb`g{ejqngb gb {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb ph{`g{ejbdh jba

tphdnjintjqngb `{ge jb HX%|nah ph{tphdqnh #nb pj{qndxij{ qch Hx{gphjb Dixtqh{

Gkth{jqg{~) qch [hlngbji Nbbgjqngb Tdg{hkgj{a jba Egbnqg{ jba qch Thdqg{ji

Nbbgjqngb \jqdc.6

pijq`g{et `g{ exqxji ihj{bnbl gb qch ahtnlb jba nepihehbqjqngb g` txdc tq{jqhlnht

#nbdixanbl qch DN_%`xbaha Hx{gphjb Dixtqh{ Dggph{jqngb @g{xe:4

jba qch

Hx{gphjb Dixtqh{ Jiinjbdh jba qch @_


15/15

HB :1 HB

Nep{gh qch dgch{hbdh jba dgepihehbqj{nq~ g` HX pgindnht `g{ haxdjqngb) {hthj{dc

jba nbbgjqngb) |nqc qch jne g`=

nahbqn`~nbl jba p{gegqnbl qch qjfh%xp g` hsjepiht g` lgga p{jdqndh `g{ pgind~%

ejfh{t jba nbbgjqngb txppg{q p{gnah{t6 hspjbanbl jba xpl{janbl qch ,_{jdqndji

Lxnah gb HX `xbanbl gppg{qxbnqnht, nb qcnt j{hj jba htqjkintcnbl j tnblih |hk%

kjtha pg{qji gb Dgeenttngb txppg{q `g{ {hthj{dc jba nbbgjqngb) inbfha qg) g{nbdixaha nb) qch @_< _j{qndnpjbq _g{qji qg `jdninqjqh jddhtt g` nbbgjqnbl kganht qg

HX `xbanbl"

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