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Improvement of OysterBreeding in Malaysia
PrepaIFFAH INANI BT HASHIM (SE
NUR AINA AINI BT CHE MOHD SHUKRI (SE
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Introduction Oyster - any member of the families Ostreidae (true oysters) or
Aviculidae (pearl oysters)
Bivalve mollusks
Found in temperate and warm coastal waters of all oceans.
True oysters have been cultivated as food for more than 2,000 years
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Introduction
Species commercially found inMalaysia: Crassostrea belcheri Crassostrea iredalei Ostrea folium Saccostrea spp.
SPECIES
Crassostrea belcheri
Johore
Sabah
Sarawa
Crassostrea rivularis Sarawa
Saccostrea cucullataSabah
Sarawa
Ostrea folium Kedah
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Life cycle Reproductive prime - at about 3 years
of age. Once adult oysters are ripe they can
begin to spawn. After fertilization drift in water
cell division become juvenilelarvae
After two weeks old concentrateat the bottom of the river attachedto hard substrate undergocomplete metamorphosis becomespat
Become juvenile at one year become adult at 3 year old.
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C r as s o s t r e a b e l c h er i
Chromosome number, (n=10) Potential for aquaculture High demand by farmers compared with other local oyster species High demand among customers
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Problem statement
Low growth rate
Expose to: Siltation (Water
pollution) Predation by xanthid
crab and starfish Poor spatfall
Result in: Low yield Lack of na
seed
Oyster farming can be a lucrative bucan fetch RM5 per piece if sold based
price
-Borneo Post, 2013
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Goals
To improve growth rate of local C. belcheri oyster To produce oysters seeds in term of quality and quantity Method: Crossbreeding
Between local C. belcheri and fast growth C. belcheri from Thailand
C. belcheri Malaysia Thailand
Size (Average) 12-14 cm 10-15 cm
Growth rate > 1 year 7-8 month
Description Problem in sustaining theindustry due to insufficientseed stock
Able to export its oyters(ahead from other ASEANcountries)
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Breeding Design (crossbreed)
C. belcheri (Malaysia) X C. belcheri (Thailand)
F1(selection for fast grow progeny)
(F1XF1 self cross)
Stable (superior breeds)
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Experimental DesignCrossbreed between C. Belcheri from Malaysia andThailand
(C. Belcheri (Malaysia) X C. belcheri (Thailand) )
Monitor the F1 generation: Looking at growth Compare the growth rate between the offspring
After 4 or 5 month, rank the offspring based on the fastgrowth to later growth
Once has ranked the offspring, select for the fastestgrowth and normal growth: Laboratory work: RNA extraction and send for
sequencing
Phen
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Sequencing result: Compare both sequence fast grow and normal Choose growth gene in osyter such as amylase gene Compare the gene in the both sequence To see any mutation occur in the fast grow offspring
If there are mutation occurs in the fast grow progeny (e.g SNP) Hypothesis: The fast growth osyter is because of the
mutation occur in the growth gene
Design primer for the marker To screen for fast grow osyter
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Conclusion
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References
The 4th International Oyster Symposium (IOS4) . (2011). Prudence, M., Moal, J., Boudry, P., Daniel, J. Y., Quere, C., Jeffroy, F
. Huvet, A. (2006). An amylase gene polymorphism is associated wgrowth differences in the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas.
Animal Genetics . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01481.x
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