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There Is No Bloomin Bloom:There Is No Bloomin Bloom:ANALYSIS OF ALGAL PRE-BLOOMANALYSIS OF ALGAL PRE-BLOOM
PARAMETERSPARAMETERSIN MONTEREY BAY, CALIFORNIAIN MONTEREY BAY, CALIFORNIA
ON JULY 22ON JULY 22 ndnd AND 24AND 24 thth
Phytoplankton are the foundation of the marinefood chain and they can influence Earths climate.
SARP 2009Samiah Moustafa, UF 2011
Cyndhia Ramatchandirane, Wellesley 2011
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OutlineOutline
Introduction/Background Motivation Objectives
Methods Limitations Results Conclusions Acknowledgments
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Underwater terrain of Monterey Bay
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Objectives To validate MASTER data with in situ and
local M1 mooring data Determine favorable pre-bloom
conditions Determine potential bloom locations Explore/Determine correlations among
several parameters: Sea SurfaceTemperature (SST), salinity, chlorophyll,dissolved oxygen, nitrates
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MotivationMotivation
Coastal upwellingregions represent adisproportionatelylarge fraction of theoceans primaryproduction
Phytoplanktonrespond very rapidlyto changes in theirenvironment and canbe used as indicatorsof change (NASA EO)
Economicincentivefishery production
Affects health of marineecosystems andhumans
The increasedfrequency,
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Methods Remote sensing:
MASTER on DC-8 aircraft flyinglaboratory
In situ ocean sampling Local mooring M1SURF 20km
offshore Correlation analyses:
- Time series plots and parameter
graphs
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NASA DC-8 AircraftMASTER instrument (DC-8)
Moorings in Monterey BayData from M1 surf Station Ship Data from John Ryan at MBARI
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LimitationsLimitations M1 SURF station was the only
available mooring Lack of airborne data from MASTER
on July 24 th Variability in cloud cover and the
marine layer Scale measurement (17.7m pixel
resolution from MASTER while theship has a higher resolution but lessspatial coverage (
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Wind Speed over Monterey Bay, CA at 3:00 PM During July 22 nd , 24 th , and 28 th
July 22 nd July 24 th
July 28th
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July 22nd July 24th
MODIS Satellite Images
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SURFER Contour ImagesSURFER Contour Images
Chlorophyll Concentrations July 22nd Temperature July 22 nd
RESULTSRESULTS
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July 22 nd : MASTER thermal band and ship track overlay (white)Blue outline shows our Region of Interest (ROI) for chlorophyll,temperature, and salinity.
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Ship data exported & interpolated from Surfer onto ENVI (right) shows layers of warmer (light) and colder (dark) surface water. MASTER thermal band image(left) shows a similar layering effect
TEMPERATURE
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(Right) High chlorophyll concentration interpolated from ship data.
CHLOROPHYLL
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(Right) Highly layered salinity concentration interpolated from ship data.Possibly from upwelling. High salinity concentrations suggest increase in
nutrient content.
SALINITY
l 24 th
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July 24 th:Chlorophyllandtemperatureinterpolatedfrom ship data
CHLOROPHYLL
CHLOROPHYLL
TEMPERATURE
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July 24 th: Highchlorophyll versussalinity layering
CHLOROPHYLL
CHLOROPHYLL
SALINITY
SALINITY
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FLH bands 678. Red shows highest fluorescence. Red polygon isthe highest chlorophyll from ship data interpolated in surfer. FLHcalculated from expression by Letelier 2005.
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Close up view of surfer chlorophyll data from ship and FLH band 678.
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Conclusions
The surface winds we observed suggestupwelling
July 22 nd and July 24 th ENVI plots exhibit aregion of high chlorophyll and salinityconcentrations corresponding to SSTgradient pattern possibly due to upwelling
This region of interest was (potentially)
where the bloom was observed on July28 th Attempts at calculating chlorophyll
concentrations from the MASTER data
using FLH were inconclusive
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Acknowledgments
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References Gower, J. (2005).Detection of intense plankton blooms using the
709nm band of the MERIS imaging spectrometer. International Journal of Remote Sensing , 26(9) , [2005-2012].
Kudela, R. (2005). Harmful algal blooms in coastal upwellingsystems. Oceanography , 18(2) , [184-197].
Olivieri, R., & Chavez, F. (2000). A model of plankton dynamics forthe coastal upwelling system of Monterey Bay, California. Deep SeaResearch , 47 , [1077-1106].
Ryan, J. (2008). A coastal ocean extreme bloom incubator.Geophysical Research Letters , 35(L12602) , [1-5].
Ryan, J. (2005). Coastal ocean physics and red tides: an examplefrom Monterey Bay, California. Oceanography , 18(2) , [246-255].
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