8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
1/26
Society is a grouping of individual, whichis characterized by common interest
Society can be explained as an organizedgroup of people associated together forreligious, cultural, political, patriotic, or
other purposes
In a society, members can be fromdifferent ethnics groups
MalaysianStudies (220911)
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
2/26
g p
Each group holds by its own religion,culture and language, ideas and ways
As individuals they meet, but only in themarketplace in buying and selling
He made this observation when he was inBurma or Myanmar
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
3/26
International Relations -> country refers asnation-state = 1 nation/race country
Japan = Japanese, China = Chinese, Serbia=Serbs
Malaysia ?? Multiracial/plural society/melting pot/rojak
Consists of many races and ethnics
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
4/26
14 749 378 total Malay population in2010
The largest race in the countryAccording to the Federal Constitution, all
Malays are MUSLIM, speak BAHASAMELAYU, and embracing MALAY
CUSTOMS
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
5/26
Malays are the poorest (5.3%), Chinese(0.6%), and Indian (2.5%)
Poverty among the Malays is oftenrelated with occupation :
Agriculture & traditional sectors
Low productivity
Failure to incorporate latest technology
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
6/26
Poverty also related with the living areaLive in rural areas
Live backward states less endowed with physical, social
and economic amenities
British policyUltimately left the Malay in the rural area and involved
in traditional economy activitiesDenied the Malay involvement in modern economic
activities (participated by non Malays)
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
7/26
Malays are strong in the political senseSince 1946, the Malays were the dominant
prime movers in Malaya/MalaysiaUMNO and PAS
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
8/26
Most Malays live in villages strong social
ties and strict social control toward the
behavioral of an individual
Only Malays in urban areas seem to
experience a loose pressure on social control
Malay are described as humble people, to be
even tempered, able to control themselves
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
9/26
Seldom to vent anger and avoid beingfrank
So it is difficult to understand theirfeelings, attitudes, views, and convictions
Always misunderstood by others
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
10/26
Second largest group 6 520 559
Can be traced back to the period of early
Melaka
Most immigrants came from southern China,
mostly (province of Fujian and Guangdong)
In the 19 th century, many came as coolies
work in tin mining and railway construction
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
11/26
Some owned businesses
Some by force, some came freely to workThe factors that led the Chinese migrate to
Malaya :Difficulties living in China
Rapid growth in population
Frequent natural disaster, limited natural resources
Growth in tin and rubber industry in MalayaExpanding in rubber and tin industries created a need for
work forces
MalaysianStudies (260911)
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
12/26
Political stability in MalayaMalaya were in a state of stability under British ruleThis stability caused the economy to improve and acquire
many workers
Migration facilitiesImprovement of the transportation like steamship and
also immigration agents made migration easier
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
13/26
Chinese populationThe people from Guangdong and Fujian are said to be
hardworking and like travelling
The main clusters are Hokkien, Hakka,
Teochew, and HailamDiffers in dialect, customs, economic
specialization and living areaEven hostile towards each other
MalaysianStudies (260911)
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
14/26
Stereotype belief that Chinese arebusiness-minded
Because relatively few Chinese couldacquire land for agriculture, many of them
involve in business and craftsmenLargest community as architects and
accountants
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
15/26
Most of the Chinese activities were small,
family-type businessBased on sub-ethnic groups : Hokkien-
bussinessman, shopkeeper, Cantonese-miners,craftsman (carpenter, cobbler, iron smith),
Hailam-restaurant owner, supplies household
need, and Teochew-shopkeeper, farmer
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
16/26
Chinese were not allowed to be involved in
politics during World War 2
There were less interest in politics from the
Chinese community
MCA was formed by the English educated
ChineseLabour Party, Peoples Progressive Party, and
Peoples Action Party
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
17/26
Most Chinese are believe in Taoism and
Buddhism but many of them are Christian now
Most of the culture based on Taoism and
Buddhism
The Chinese can be divided according the
dialect group such as Hokkien, Hakka andCantonese
The Mandarin is the official language
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
18/26
Third largest ethic group in Malaysia
1 969 343
Mostly migrated from South India during the
British colonisation of Malaya
Settled during the 19 th century
Brought by agent through contract system
(3years). Then it change to kangani system
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
19/26
Kangani system-supervisors of plantation
labourers bring in worker from their village inIndia. No contract-but need to pay back
expensesMany worked in rubber estate, built the
infrastructure or worked as administrators
and small businessmen
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
20/26
Factors that encouraged the migration ofIndian :
Difficulties living in IndiaLand for agriculture and work opportunities were scarceRapid increase in populationNatural disaster-farmer lost their land and in debtDifficult for employment for those who educatedCaste system restrict the social mobility
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
21/26
Rapid economy development in MalayaRubber industries need workers
Encouragement from British governmentEncourage the migration of Indian to work in the
plantation, civil service (clerical and technical) andconstruction (building and road)
The immigrants consist of Tamils, Malayalis, Telegus andSikhs
They concentrated in west of Malaya.e.g : KL, Ipoh, Penang, Klang, Taiping
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
22/26
Malayan Indian Population
TamilLargest ethnic group (80%)Worked in rubber estates and oil palm plantation
Malayali (7%)Consist the working and middle classFound in plantation and middle class clerical and
professional employmentFamous for their restaurant
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
23/26
Telegu (4%)Mostly worked as labourers in plantation
SikhFrom PunjabWorked as police and railway station officers, security
guardMany had involved in business and professional fields
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
24/26
Majority had low income, involve in lowskill or unskilled occupation
Mostly remained in the plantationeconomy as labourers
Some own grocery, book and textile storeand few in medical and legal profession
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
25/26
The patterns of Indian political activitiesin Malaya were quite similar in India
The opposition by the citizens of Indiaagainst the British influenced the political
activities of Indians in MalayaThe main political party is Malayan Indian
Congress (MIC)
8/4/2019 Presentation 1 - malaysian studies
26/26
They can be differentiate in term of origin,language, caste and religion
South Indian descent speak Tamil
Their religion Hinduism, Sikhism, Christian
and Islam
Top Related