Does WiFi Radiation Affect D. tigrina and

R. Pipiens?Tomomi Shore, George James, Shawn Cyran, and Crystal Ponticello

What is WiFi Radiation?● International Agency for Research on Cancer-

Class 2B● Electromagnetic Radiation Spectrum

● Ionizing vs nonionizing● Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity Syndrome Real?● Wireless Fidelity

● School case● Unsupported

● Carcinogenic/Oxidative stress on DNA?● Antioxidants → Vitamin C

What is Rana pipiens? ●AKA Northern leopard frogs.●Eats plants and small animals.●Similar genes with humans.

What is Dugesia tigrina? ●Platyhelminthes phylum “flat worm”●Similar to humans●Regeneration ex: epimorphosis●Dthox genes

Head Body

Hypothesis• We hypothesized that higher exposure to WiFi radiation will

hinder growth and development of both of the organisms.• Greater exposure to WiFi radiation would mutate Dthox

genes more frequently, so D. tigrina exposed to more WiFi radiation would not regenerate as normally as those exposed to less WiFi radiation.

• We hypothesized that Vitamin C would negate the detrimental effects of WiFi radiation.

D. tigrina: Numb & amputate heads. Measure length of pieces

Experimental Groups: Low Dose, High Dose, and High dose with Vitamin CControl Group: Faraday Cage

High dose placed next to router (105.1 mW/m2)Low Dose 46cm away (0.619 mW/m2)

Measure length of D. tigrina pieces for 6 days.R. pipiens maturation stages and remaining recorded every week for 6 weeks.

Methodology

Control Low

Dose

High Dose w/

Vitamin C

High

Dose

Total

33% 0% 16% 33% 20%

Results

Control Low

Dose

High Dose w/

Vitamin C

High

Dose

Total

66% 16% 50% 33% 41%

The Effect of WiFi Radiation on D. Tigrina on Head

Pieces Growth (Trial 1)

Day High Dose (mm)

High w/ Vitamin C (mm)

Low (mm)

Control (mm)

1 0.03 0.46 0.12 0.11

2 0.16 0.79 0.46 0.18

3 0.25 0.83 0.46 0.45

5 0.6 0.93 0.66 0.59

Day High Dose (mm)

High w/ Vitamin C (mm)

Low (mm)

Control (mm)

1 0.62 1.38 0.33 0.06

2 0.63 1.36 0.66 0.46

3 1.12 1.39 0.46 0.51

5 1.13 2.66 1.68 1.68

Day High Dose (mm)

Low (mm)

Control (mm)

1 0.542 0.5 -0.137

2 0.667 0.6 0.1

3 0.677 0.81 0.37

4 0.8 0.78 N/A

5 0.967 0.883 N/A

Day High Dose (mm)

Low (mm)

Control (mm)

1 0.583 0.2 0.467

2 1.25 0.35 0.5

3 1.602 0.527 0.847

4 1.602 0.827 N/A

5 1.603 N/A N/A

Conclusion●Hypothesis that higher exposure to WiFi radiation

reduce growth unsupported●WiFi radiation showed no significant effect on D.

tigrina (no anatomical deformities found) and R. pipiens

●Vitamin C shown to have effect on D. tigrina because of repairing properties but none on R. pipiens.

●Previous studies didn't use these organisms.●Nonionizing effects.

●Be cautious, but not overly concerned.

Future Direction●Exploring the effect of higher doses of radiofrequency

radiation on other animals. ●Focusing on the frequency of cancer and tumors in

animals. ●Human subjects may be also used to further explore if

Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity is a disorder that should be of concern, especially for children. ●Measuring frequency of Dthox genes in D. tigrina exposed

to varying amounts of WiFi radiation using a quantative PCR.