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Vlnyft{n`e` Kflpteh f Yflf}vfhe

Iekvhpe` `f Ovaeln`e`f{ ~ F`vkeknûl

F{kvfhe f F`vkeknûl

@fzetpeaflpb `f F{pe`á{pnke f Nlibtaåpnke Ezhnke`e{ e he F`vkeknûl

Kåpf`te= Nlibtaåpnke ~ F`vkeknûl,

E{nclepvte= Nlibtaåpnke ~ F`vkeknûl

Vln`e` NY, He{ PNK ezhnke`e{ e he F`vkeknûl

@n{fõb nl{ptvkknbleh `fh

Af`nb @n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK

Lbtfhgn{ Tnfte

lbtfhgn{,tnfteJcaenh,kba

Ifdtftb 4:54 

He vln`e` NY `f he e{nclepvte {f ivl`eaflpe fl fh `n{fõb( ztb`vkknûl ~ fyehveknûl `f vl Af`nb

@n`åkpnkb /A@K.,

Fl f{pf ke{b lvf{ptb af`nb `n`åkpnkb {ftå vle lettepnye `ncnpeh,

²Kûab {f ye e fyehvet fh af`nb `n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK2

He fyehveknûl {ftå ibtaepnye ~ {vaepnye, He lettepnye `ncnpeh pnflf vl zbtkflpemf `f ;:& hb uvf fuvnyehf

e 9 zvlpb{,

He fyehveknûl `f he vln`e` kbaztfl`f fh `f{ettbhhb `f he{ `niftflpf{ ekpnyn`e`f{ ~ ztbkf{b{ e{á kbab he

flptfce `f hb{ ztb`vkpb{ tfiftn`b{ e he lettepnye `ncnpeh,

²Uvî f{ vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb2

Elpf{ `f tfyn{et he{ zevpe{ zete fh n{fõb nl{ptvkknbleh `f lvf{pte lettepnye `ncnpeh( f{ lfkf{etnb

kbafl}et zbt `finlnt uvî f{ vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb ~ zb{pftnbtaflpf hb uvî f{ vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK,

@f ekvft`b e Aetuvî{ /4:::. vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb f{ vl aepftneh b tfkvt{b ktfe`b kbl fh ztbzû{npb `f

ieknhnpet hb{ ztbkf{b{ `f fl{fõel}e ~ eztfl`n}emf, [bl fmfazhb{ `f af`nb{ `n`åkpnkb{ vl hndtb `f pfxpb( vl

ztbcteae ev`nbyn{veh f`vkepnyb b vl ztbcteae avhpnaf`ne( hb{ kvehf{ zvf`el {ft fazhfe`b{ zete ezb~et(ieknhnpet b f{ettbhhet vl ztbkf{b nl{ptvkknbleh,

F{ nazbtpelpf `f{peket he `finlnknûl `f Kedftb /4::5. tfiftn`e aå{ f{zfkáinkeaflpf e af`nb{

nl{ptvkknblehf{=

[bl fhfaflpb{ kvttnkvhetf{ uvf zbt {v{ {n{pfae{ {nadûhnkb{ ~ f{ptepfcne{ `f vpnhn}eknûl ztbznknel fh

`f{ettbhhb `f oednhn`e`f{ kbclnpnye{ ~ yehbtf{ fl hb{ {vmfpb{ fl vl kblpfxpb `fpftanle`b( ieknhnpel`b ~

f{pnavhel`b he nlpftyflknûl af`ne`e {bdtf he tfehn`e`( he kezpeknûl ~ kbaztfl{nûl `f he nlibtaeknûl zbt fh

f{pv`nelpf ~ he ktfeknûl `f flpbtlb{ `niftflkne`b{ uvf ztbznknfl hb{ eztfl`n}emf{ ~ fh `f{ettbhhb `f oednhn`e`f{,

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Eobte dnfl( ²uvî {f ye e flpfl ft zbt Af`nb @n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK2

²Uvî f{ vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK2

Vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK f{ vl kbazblflpf `fh ztbkf{b nl{ptvkknbleh uvf {f btncnle `fh

elåhn{n{ tfihfxnyb ~ ktápnkb `f vle {npveknûl `f fl{fõel}e ~ eztfl`n}emf `fpftanle`e( pflnfl`b kbab inlztbznknet fh `f{ettbhhb `f oednhn`e`f{ ~ `f{ptf}e{ fl fh f{pv`nelpf zete fh hbctb `f he{ kbazfpflkne{ tfuvftn`e{,

[f fhedbte e pteyî{ `f ezhnkeknblf{ ~ oftteanflpe{ pfklbhûcnke{ f nlkbtzbte fl {v{ {n{pfae{ fhfaflpb{

kbab pfxpb{( naåcflf{ inme{( naåcflf{ fl abynanflpb( {bln`b{( nhv{pteknblf{( nlibcteiáe{( onzftyálkvhb{(

ezhnkeknblf{ `f he sfd 4,:( flptf bptb{,

²Kûab {f tfehn}etå vl af`nb `n`åkpnkb de{e`b fl PNK2

Elpf{ `f nlnknet fh `n{fõb ~ ztb`vkknûl `fh A@K {f `fdf {fhfkknblet uvî pfaåpnke uvf {f ye e ptedemet,

Zete fh `n{fõb ~ ztb`vkknûl `fh A@!PNK yeab{ e de{etlb{ fl fh ab`fhb ztbzvf{pb zbt Zbhb /4::;.(

‘Eztbxnaeknûl e vl Ab`fhb `f @n{fõb= E@NPF‑, @f f{pe aelfte( `f{ettbhhetå{ pv ptedemb `f `n{fõb `fh A@!

PNK `f ekvft`b e hb{ {ncvnflpf{ hnlfeanflpb{=

²Kûab {f tfehn}etå fh `n{fõb nl{ptvkknbleh `fh A@!PNK2

E, Kbazblflpf `f Elåhn{n{ /Zbhb( 4::;.

5, Elåhn{n{ `fh ztbdhfae nl{ptvkknbleh e tf{bhyfte,  @finlnt fh ztbdhfae e tf{bhyft,

d,  @fpftanlet he lfkf{n`e` nl{ptvkknbleh uvf {f ye e tf{bhyft kbl fh A@K,

k,  @fpftanlet {n {f `ntncf e= he f`vkeknûl ibtaeh( he f`vkeknûl lb ibtaeh b he f`vkeknûl nlibtaeh,

`,  Ab`ehn`e`

  Ztf{flkneh

  E `n{pelkne

  Anxpe

4, Elåhn{n{ `f he zbdheknûl e he kveh {f `ntncf fh af`nbe,  Ketekpftá{pnke{ ~ `f{ktnzknûl `f he ev nflkne= eztbxnaeknûl e he f`e`( lnyfh `f f{pv`nb{ ~ e{zfkpb{

{bknb!fkblûankb{,d,  Kblbknanflpb{ ztfynb{ uvf zb{ff he ev`nflkne

k,  Kbl`vkpe{ `f flpte`e `f he ev`nflkne= kblbknanflpb{( oednhn`e`f{ b `f{ptf}e{ uvf `fdf zb{fft he

ev`nflkne zete fazhfet fh A@K,

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  ; 

;, Elåhn{n{ `fh kblpfln`b {fcýl pnzb `f kblbknanflpb{ /@áe} ~ Oftlål`f}( 4::4. 

Fxzhnket uvî pnzb{ `f kblpfln`b{ {f yel e ztf{flpet fl fh A@!PNK ~ zbt uvî,

0, Elåhn{n{ {bdtf he ivl`eaflpeknûl pfûtnke uvf {f e{vantå fl fh n{fõb nl{ptvkknbleh `fh af`nb /Zbhb(

4::;. 

Elehn}et he pfbtáe `fh eztfl`n}emf /kbclb{knpnyn{pe b kbl{ptvkpnyn{pe. uvf {v{pflpetå fh `n{fõb

nl{ptvkknbleh( kbl{n`ftet zete fhhb hb{ zb{pvhe`b{ `f he /{. pfbtáe /{. {fhfkknble`e,

Zete {v{pflpet he ivl`eaflpeknûl pfûtnke `fdf{ tfehn}et he hfkpvte `f Zfcc~ E, Ftpaft ~ Pnabpo~ M,

Lfsd~ /5>>;., Kbl`vkpn{ab( kbclnpnyn{ab ~ kbl{ptvkpnyn{ab= vle kbazeteknûl `f hb{ e{zfkpb{ ktápnkb{ `f{`f he

zft{zfkpnye fh n{fõb f nl{ptvkknûl,

@fkhetepnyb{= iekpveh /`epb{ ~ ofkob{. ~ kblkfzpveh  /ztnlknznb{(

pfbtáe{ ~ kblkfzpb{. 

  [edft Uvî

  Ofkob{

  @epb{

  Kblkfzpb{ 

Ztbkf`naflpehf{

  [edft Oekft ( [edft Kûab oekft

 Fmfkvknûl f ekknblf{ nlpftnbtn}e`e{

  Oednhn`e`f{ nlpfhfkpvehf{ ~ abptnkf{

  Ekknblf{ b {fkvflkne{ bt`fle`e{ zete hbctet vl bdmfpnyb

Ekpnpv`nlehf{

  [edft [ft

  Yehbtf{

  Ktfflkne{( îpnke zft{bleh ~ ztbif{nbleh

  Lbtae{

  Tfheknblf{ eifkpnye{

  Lb{ hhfye e ekpvet `f ekvft`b e lvf{pte yehbteknûl zft{bleh

Kblpfln`b{

@áe} ~ Oftlål`f} /4::4.

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6, Elåhn{n{ {bdtf he{ f{ptepfcne{ `f fl{fõel}e uvf {f fazhfetål fl fh A@K /Zbhb( 4::;.,

Nlkhvnt fl he pedhe `f dtfyfaflpf uvî f{ptepfcne{ `f fl{fõel}e( `f eztfl`n}emf ~ f fyehveknûl {f

fazhfetåKhe{ninkeknûl `f he{ F{ptepfcne{ `f fl{fõel}e {fcýl fh ztbkf{b kbclnpnyb uvf ztbavfyf /@áe} ~

Oftlål`f}( 4::4.

  Zete ekpnyet b cflftet kblbknanflpb{ ztfynb{  Zete btnflpet b cvnet e hb{ eztfl`nkf{ {bdtf e{zfkpb{ tfhfyelpf{ `f hb{ kblpfln`b{ `f eztfl`n}emf

  Zete afmbtet he kb`ninkeknûl /fhedbtepnye. `f he nlibtaeknûl e eztfl`ft

  Zete btceln}et he nlibtaeknûl lvfye zbt eztfl`ft

  Zete ztbabyft fh flhekf flptf hb{ kblbknanflpb{ ztfynb{ ~ he lvfye nlibtaeknûl uvf {f oe `f

eztfl`ft

F{ptepfcne{ zeteEkpnyet 

  Ekpnyn`e` Ibkeh,  @n{kv{nûl Cvne`e,

  Ekpnyn`e`f{

Cflfte`bte{,

  Bdmfpnyb{

F{ptepfcne{ zete flhe}et

kblbknanflpb{

  Btceln}e`btf{ ztfynb{

  Elehbcáe{ 

Khe{ninkeknûl `f he{ 

F{ptepfcne{ `f Fl{fõel}e 

F{ptepfcne{ zete

Btnflpet b cvnet ehf{pv`nelpf {bdtf

e{zfkpb{ tfhfyelpf{

  [fõehn}eknûl fl fh pfxpb,  [fõehn}eknûl fl fh

`n{kvt{b

F{ptepfcne{ zetebtceln}et he

nlibtaeknûl lvfyeTf{vafl

  Btceln}e`btf{ ctåinkb{

  Aeze{ kblkfzpvehf{

F{ptepfcne{ zeteafmbtet he kb`ninkeknûl

  Nhv{pteknblf{

  Ztfcvlpe{ Nlpftkehe`e{

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6, Elåhn{n{ {bdtf he{ f{ptepfcne{ `f eztfl`n}emf uvf {f fazhfetål fl fh A@K /Zbhb( 4::;.,

He{ f{ptepfcne{ `f eztfl`n}emf uvf {f yel e nlkhvnt fl he zhelpnhhe `fh kbazblflpf `f `n{fõb( {bl he{ uvf

zhelpfe Zbccnbhn /4::6. uvf tfehn}e vl f{pv`nb `f he{ f{ptepfcne{ kbclb{knpnye{ `f eztfl`n}emf ~ ztbzblf vle

pexblbaáe( {fõehel`b uvf ke`e vle `f he{ f{ptepfcne{ kbclb{knpnye{ nlkhvn`e{ fl he khe{ninkeknûl zvf`fl

fazhfet{f kbl he inlehn`e` `f nlihvnt fl hb{ ztbkf{b{ kbclb{knpnyb{ `f kb`ninkeknûl( ehaekfleanflpb ~

tfkvzfteknûl `f he nlibtaeknûl tfkndn`e /Tnfte( 4:5:.,

Vle khe{ninkeknûl `f he{ f{ptepfcne{ kbclb{knpnye{ `f eztfl`n}emf 

Khe{ninkeknûl `f he{ f{ptepfcne{ `f eztfl`n}emf

F{ptepfcne{ `f

e`uvn{nknûl `fh

kblbknanflpb

F{ptepfcne{ `f

fl{e~b

F{ptepfcne{ `f kb`ninkeknûl= tfzfpnt( fl{e~et(

ztekpnket( flvaftet,

Alfabpîklnke{, F{ptepfcne{ `f btceln}eknûl=

ectvzeknûl( khe{ninkeknûl( kepfcbtn}eknûl,

F{ptepfcne{ `f

fhedbteknûl=yftdeh

F{ptepfcne{ `f fhedbteknûl yftdeh= zeteite{fet(

n`flpninket n`fe{ ztnlknzehf{( elpnknzet bztf`fknt( fhedbtet onzûpf{n{( oekft nliftflkne{(

ekpnyet kblbknanflpb ztfynb( zfl{et fl

elehbcáe{( fxpteft kblkhv{nblf{( cflftet lbpe{(oekft ~ tf{zbl`ft ztfcvlpe{( vpnhn}et he

f{ptvkpvte `fh pfxpb( tf{vant,

F{ptepfcne{ `f

fhedbteknûl=naecnletne

Ibtaet{f naåcflf{ aflpehf{,

F{ptepfcne{ `fbtceln}eknûl

Fhedbtet f{uvfae{( fhedbtet aeze{ `fkblkfzpb{( aeze{ eteõe( åtdbh btceln}e`b(

dtenl!aezznlc,F{ptepfcne{ `f

f{pv`nb ~ e~v`e{

elfxe{

Pbaet lbpe{( {vdte~et( tfze{et( tf{zbl`ft

ztfcvlpe{ elfxe{( ztfcvlpe{ cflfte`e{(

f{pedhfkft bdmfpnyb{ nl{ptvkknblehf{( ztf{flpetbtceln}e`btf{ ztfynb{( v{et e~v`e{ pnzbctåinke{

/lfctnhhe{( kvt{nye{.( nhv{pteknblf{( v{et pápvhb{ ~

{vdpápvhb{( cflftet flkedf}eanflpb{,

F{ptepfcne{ zete he

{bhvknûl `fztbdhfae{

Aîpb`b{ ofvtá{pnkb{,

Ehcbtnpab{,Ztbkf{b{ `f zfl{eanflpb `nyftcflpf,

F{ptepfcne{

afpekbclb{knpnye{

F{ptepfcne{ kbclb{knpnye{ zete eztfl`ft( tfpflft

~ fybket( evpbttfcvhe`e{ ~ vpnhn}e`e{ `f aelftekbl{knflpf,

F{ptepfcne{ `f

ezb~b ~

abpnyeknblf{

Ieknhnpet kbl`nknblf{ fxpftle{= eadnflpf(

pnfazb ~ aepftnehf{,

N`flpninket bd{påkvhb{ nlpftlb{= ekpnpv`f{ fnlpftiftflkne{,

N`flpninket e{zfkpb{ zb{npnyb{,

Ivflpf= Zbccnbhn /4::6( z, 90.,

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D, Kbazblflpf `f @n{fõb /Zbhb( 4::;. 

Zbt af`nb `f he {ncvnflpf zhelpnhhe {f ztf{flpetå fh elåhn{n{ f hb{ kblpfln`b{ ~ f he{ f{ptepfcne{ `f

fl{fõel}e( `f eztfl`n}emf ~ `f fyehveknûl uvf {f fazhfetål fl fh A@K,

Ibtavhet fh /hb{. bdmfpnyb /{.=

Kblpfln`b{  F{ptepfcne{ 

@fkhetepnyb{ Ztbkf`naflpehf{ Ekpnpv`nlehf{ Fl{fõel}e ~

Eztfl`n}emf

Fyehveknûl

Flvlknet hb{

zb{ndhf{ kblpfln`b{

`fkhetepnyb{

Flvlknet hb{

zb{ndhf{ kblpfln`b{

ztbkf`naflpehf{ 

Flvlknet hb{

zb{ndhf{ kblpfln`b{

ekpnpv`nlehf{ 

Flvlknet ~ fxzhnket

he{ f{ptepfcne{ `f F

~ E uvf {f

`f{ettbhhetål e

pteyî{ `fh A@K flfh nlnknb( fl fh

`f{ettbhhb ~ fl fh

knfttf

NL NKNB

@F[ETTBHHB

KNFTTF

Flvlknet ~ fxzhnket

he{ f{ptepfcne{ `f

fyehveknûl uvf {f

`f{ettbhhetål e

pteyî{ `fh A@K

 @neclû{pnke

 Ibtaepnye

 [vaepnye

Ivflpf= fhedbteknûl ztbzne,

K, Kbazblflpf Pfklbhûcnkb /Zbhb( 4::;.

[f ye e `f{ettbhhet vle lettepnye `ncnpeh fl he uvf {f nlkbtzbtetål aýhpnzhf{ af`nb{ ~ `bl`f {f cflftetål

kblpfln`b{ ivl`eaflpe`b{ fl fh elåhn{n{ tfihfxnyb f vle {npveknûl nl{ptvkknbleh,

He lettepnye `ncnpeh nlkhvntå pfxpb( {bln`b( naåcflf{ inme{ ~ fl abynanflpb, E`faå{ {f fazhfetål

oftteanflpe{ `f he sfd 4,: zete kbazetpnt fl he{ tf`f{ {bknehf{ {v `f{ettbhhb ~ zvdhnkeknûl,

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Tfiftflkne{ 

Dettb{b( M, ~ Tbaftb( T, /4::3., He nlibtaåpnke( hb{ avhpnaf`ne ~ hb{ onzftpfxpb{ fl he fl{fõel}e, Fl=Lvfye{ pfklbhbcáe{ ezhnke`e{ e he f`vkeknûl, F{zeõe= Aek Ctes Onhh,

Kedftb( M, /4::5., Vpnhn}eknûl `f tfkvt{b{ ~ Af`nb{ fl hb{ Ztbkf{b{ `f Fl{fõel}e!Eztfl`n}emf,

Zblflkne ztf{flpe`e fl he{ NY Mbtle`e{ Leknblehf{ `f @f{ettbhhb Kvttnkvhet( Btceln}epnyb ~ Ztbif{nbleh,Kfhfdte`e `fh 4? eh ;: `f aet}b `fh 4::5, Kbl{vhpe`b fh 46 `f ae~b `f 4::6 `f oppz=""pfklbhbcnef`v,v{,f{

Kedftb M, ~ Cn{dftp Aftkf`, /4::6., He Ibtaeknûl fl Nlpftlfp, Cváe zete fh `n{fõb `f aepftnehf{

`n`åkpnkb{, F{zeõe( [fynhhe= F`npbtneh AE@,

@áe} D,( Itn`e ~ Oftlål`f} Tbme{( Cftet`b /4::4., F{ptepfcne{ `bkflpf{ zete vl eztfl`n}emf{nclninkepnyb, Vle nlpftztfpeknûl kbl{ptvkpnyn{pe, Aîxnkb= AkCtes!Onhh Nlpfteaftnkele F`npbtf{

F@VPFGE, /4:55., 3 fhfaflpb{ uvf fdf {edft ekftke `f letteknblf{ `ncnpehf{, Kbl{vhpe`b fh 54 `f

{fzpnfadtf `f 4:55 `f oppz=""sss,f`vpfge,btc"Letteknblf{@ncnpehf{RF`vkev{f,zoz

Bohft( M, /4::9., Fh avl`b `f he{ letteknblf{ `ncnpehf{, Zvdhnke`b fl F`vpfge /4::9., Kbl{vhpe`b fh 5`f {fzpnfadtf f 4:55 `f oppz=""sss,me{blbohft,kba"{pbt~pfhhnlc"{pbt~f`vkepnbl,kia  

Zbhb( A, /4::;., Eztbxnaeknûl e vl ab`fhb `f `n{fõb= E@NPF, [E@ZTB ! Vlnyft{n`e` Kflpteh `fYflf}vfhe( Fl= @bkflkne Vlnyft{npetne( Ybh NY( zz 93!?;( Keteke{,

Tnfte( L, /4:5:., F{ptepfcne{ `f fl{fõel}e af`ne`e{ zbt fh kbazvpe`bt zete fh hbctb `f eztfl`n}emf{

{nclninkepnyb{, Vlnyft{n e` Kflpteh `f Yflf}vfhe, Keteke{, Yflf}vfhe,