Worksheet Guide PUEF 2015

Clases Prácticas - Capacitación de idioma Inglés I

Página 1

GUIA

TRABAJOS

PRACTICOS

PUEF

2015

Prof. Ma. Candela Pérez Albizú


Página 2

______________ is a person who puts metal in

your mouth and takes coins out of your pocket.

TRABAJO PRACTICO N° 1

A. Look at the following definition. What do you think the missing word is? B. Have a look at the title and the pictures. What do you think the text is about? C. Read the text once. Where is the definition from?

A different kind of dictionary

Ambrose Bierce was a 19th century American author and

journalist. His most popular book is probably the Devil’s

Dictionary, written between 1881 and 1887. Bierce’s

dictionary does not contain normal definitions – his

definitions are funny and cynical. For example, in a normal dictionary, the

definition of dentist is ‘a kind of doctor who looks after people’s teeth’. But

in the Devil’s Dictionary, the definition of a dentist is ‘a person who puts

metal in your mouth and takes coins out of your pocket’.

Today on the Internet you can find many websites with more

modern versions of the Devil’s Dictionary.


Página 3

D. Read the text again and answer the following questions: Who was Ambrose Bierce?

What is the normal definition of dentist?

Where can you find modern versions of the Devil´s Dictionary?

E. Now match the following words/phrases to heir cynical definitions.

a boring person the brain a star a friend a secret

________ is a person who works all her life to become famous and then wears sunglasses so people don’t recognize her. ________ is something which you only tell one person. ________ is somebody who talks about himself when you want to talk about yourself. ________ is somebody who dislikes the same people as you. ________ is something that starts working when you get up in the morning and stops working when you get to university or work. F. Translate the text.

(Adapted from New English File, Pre-Intermediate, Lesson 1, OUP)


Página 4


A. Have a look at the title and the pictures. In the last decades, we have experienced many changes in our daily lives. Make a list – include both the positive and the negative ones! B. Read the article and say: does the author mention any of the ideas in your list?

We’re living faster, but are we living better?

Not long ago people believed that in the future we

would work less, have more free time, and be more

relaxed. But sadly this has not happened…

Today we work harder, work longer hours, and are

more stressed than ten years ago. We walk faster,

talk faster, and sleep less than previous

generations. And although we are obsessed with machines which save

us time, we have less free time than our parents and grandparents had.

But what is this doing to our health? An American journalist James

Gleick in a new book, Faster: the Acceleration of just about everything,

says that people who live in cities are suffering from ‘hurry sickness’–

we are always trying to do more things in less time. As a result, our

lives are more stressful. He says that if we don’t slow down, we won’t

live as long as our parents. For most people, faster doesn’t mean better.

Newspaper articles today are shorter and the headlines are bigger. Most

people don’t have enough time to read the articles, they only read the

headlines! On TV and the radio, newsreaders speak more quickly than

ten years ago.

In the USA there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for

children. These are shorter versions of traditional stories, specially

written for ‘busy parents’ who want to save time!


Página 5

Some answerphones now have ‘quick playback’ buttons so that we can

re-play people’s messages faster – we can’t waste time listening to

people speaking at normal speed!

Even when we relax we do everything more quickly. Ten years ago

when people went to art galleries they spent ten seconds looking at each

picture. Today they spend just three seconds!

In the USA the national sport, baseball, is not as popular

as before because it is a slow game and matches take a

long time. Nowadays many people prefer faster and

more dynamic sports like basketball.

The only thing that is slower than before is the way we drive. Our cars

are faster but the traffic is worse so we drive more slowly. We spend

more time sitting in our cars, feeling stressed because we are worried

that we won’t arrive on time. Experts predict that in ten years’ time the

average speed on the road in cities will be 17 km/h.

(Adapted from New English File, Pre-Intermediate, Unit 4, OUP)

C. Read the text again and say if the following statements are T (true) or F (false). The predictions made by people some years ago about life in the

future were incorrect.

According to the text, technology is improving our health.

Nowadays, parents write stories for their children.

People´s tastes as regards sports have changed in the USA.

D. Translate the text.


Página 6


A. Before reading the text, discuss the following points.

1. Why has this year been a good one for sports fans? 2. What does a fan do to show that they support a team, at or

around match time? 3. Do you think ‘fans’ existed in the 1800s, 1700s, or even earlier in

history? 4. Why do people choose to become fans of a particular team? Try

to think of psychological reasons too. 5. What really motivates players to become professional sports

people? Choose three of the following: love of the sport; love of their team; love of money; desire to be famous; desire to be very fit; desire to please fans; love of their area / town / region / country. Any other reasons?.

The mind of a sports fan This year has been a good one for sports lovers. On top of the normal annual sporting

events, there have also been the Winter Olympics and the football World Cup.

The sports fan is an interesting phenomenon. A football fan, for example, will typically

dress from head to toe in their team colours; will paint their face and then shout and

sing noisily at many points during a match. A football match is an unusual place,

whether you are watching it live, or sitting with other fans around a TV set or in a bar.

Strangely, in this situation it is seen as acceptable in many cultures to publicly show

extreme dislike – even hatred – for other people: the opposite team. This is shown

mainly through shouting or in football chants, and just occasionally it can turn nasty.

The word fan probably originates from the word fanatic (Latin: fanaticus, meaning

‘insanely but divinely inspired’). The amount of support which a fan gives and feels

for his or her team, makes a sports ‘fan’ different from a sports ‘spectator’. However,

the notion of being a fan is much older than the word itself. In Roman times, horse-

and-chariot racing attracted huge numbers of fans. What is more, after the event,

there was often intense fighting between different supporters, rather like the violence

that we occasionally see today in some sports.


Página 7

People become fans for different reasons, but the main one is to give oneself an

identity, and to show belonging to a particular community. In doing so, it gives people

an interest, and even a reason for being. Wearing the same colours, singing the same

songs, waving the same flag, all help to make a fan feel part of a group. Fans often

identify so closely with their team that their moods are affected by the match results:

if their team loses they feel low, and if they win they feel high.

In the old days, players were inspired by love for their team, their city, college or

country. However, in today’s world where sport is a huge and powerful business,

money can be a key motivation for top players. Although the huge amount of money

involved is off-putting for some fans, most fans forget the fact that their team’s players

are generally inspired by money and fame these days, not simply loyalty. When

watching a match, innocence and faith is restored. Being a fan is like being in love –

you see only what you want to see. Being a sports fan gives people the chance to

believe and belong, as a child does.

B. Now read the text and see if your ideas were the same. C. Read the text again and answer these questions: 1 What else does a typical sports fan do, besides wearing their team’s colours? 2 In what way is the sporting context an unusual or strange one? 3 In what two ways were the Roman chariot races similar to today’s big sporting events? 4 How can the result of a game affect the moods of fans? 5 In your own words, describe why being a fan is like a being in love b being a child. C. Contextual reference: What do the highlighted words in the text refer to? D. Translate the text. This page has been downloaded from www.macmillanglobal.com It is photocopiable, but all copies must be complete pages. Copyright

© Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010. 2


Página 8


A. Read the text and find the following information as quickly as possible.

1. How many children took part in the research?

2. What were their ages?

3. When did the tests take place?

4. In which month were the fittest children born?

5. How much faster (expressed as a percentage) can a boy born in November run than a child born in April?

6. How many athletes does UK Sport fund?

Autumn-born children better at sport, says study If you want your child to make the school team, try to ensure they are born in November or

October, say researchers

Denis Campbell, health correspondent

22 June, 2014

Do you want your child to be good at sport, play for the school team and, maybe one day,

even compete in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your future

Olympian or World Cup winner is born in November or October. A study by one of the

UK’s leading experts on children’s physical activity has found that school pupils born in

those months are fitter than everyone else in their class.

November- and October-born children were fitter, stronger and more powerful than those

born in the other ten months of the year, especially those whose birthdays were in April or

June. Dr Gavin Sandercock of Essex University and colleagues found that autumn-born

children had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state

schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of

fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a

child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular

fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is

at sport.

November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power

and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest

for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.


Página 9

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months

was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at

least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age

born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps

could decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into

elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s

physical performance”.

The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine,

found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April

were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school

teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

The findings seem to show that children

born in the early months of the school year

enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they

are already known to have an academic

advantage and, now, they also appear to be

better equipped for sport, too. The results

show that something other than “the relative-

age effect” – the greater maturity of those born early in the school year – is the cause,

especially as the fittest children were not the tallest or heaviest, he added.

The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer

months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation.

“Seasonal differences in vitamin D concentrations in the womb seem most plausible,” they

say. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young

person’s introduction to sport at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting

development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience are those that will have

greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of

physical activity and excel in sport as they grow up”, he said.

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionate majority of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports

it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance,

said that while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers

competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time sportspeople

were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “With elite, senior athletes, there are


Página 10

many factors that make a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest

that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

B. Are these statements true (T) or false (F) according to the text?

1. Children born in October or November are fitter than those born in April or June.

2. Children born in December were the least fit.

3. Children born in April can jump 12% higher than those born in November.

4. The “autumn advantage” refers to the academic and sporting advantage that children born in the autumn have.

5. The “relative-age effect” refers to the fact that children born early in the school year are less mature than other children.

6. Differences caused by the month of birth in junior competitions have disappeared when sportspeople take part in adult events.

C. Contextual reference: What do the highlighted words in the text refer to? D. Translate the text.

© Guardian News and Media 2014 First published in The Observer, 22/06/14


Página 11


A. Quickly skim-read the article to find the answers to these questions. 1. Where is Noor al-Malki from? 2. Where will she be in the summer of 2012? 3. Why will she be there?

LONDON 2012: WHY REACHING THE START LINE IS

WORTH GOLD TO QATARI SPRINTER

Andy Bull 01 June, 2012

1 Even for a 17-year-old, Noor al-Malki is small: just over 5ft (1.52m) tall and a little

under 45kg. This summer, Noor will become the first female athlete ever to compete for

Qatar in the Olympics.

2 Her active participation should last about 13 seconds, which is how long it takes her to

run the 100m. By Olympic standards, that is slow. Qatar got a special allowance from the

International Olympic Committee (IOC) just to get her a place on the starting blocks.

3 Noor is likely to finish last in her heat. But, in doing that, she will break a barrier that

has stood far longer than 24 years. If you ask Noor to name her heroines, you’ll find she

doesn’t have any: no Qatari female role models have come before her.

4 Noor’s selection is part of an effort by the Qatari authorities to prove to the IOC that they

are now willing and able to increase women’s sport in their own country and across the

Middle East.

5 Qatar’s 2020 Olympic bid was turned down because the intense summer heat meant its

Games would need to be in October rather than August. It plans to bid again for the 2024

Games, when Noor will be 29 and in her athletic prime.

6 Qatar is also sending a swimmer, Nada Arkaji, 17, and a rifle shooter, Bahia al-Hamad,

19. The three teenagers are close friends and enjoy each other’s successes. None of them

really deserve a place on merit. But their presence will help London 2012 become the first

Olympics in which the split between male and female athletes is 50-50.

7 Only 42% of Olympians in Beijing in 2008 were women. Of 204 countries and territories


Página 12

represented, three did not send women on religious and cultural grounds: Qatar, Brunei

and Saudi Arabia. This year, Brunei’s Olympic committee has confirmed a 400m hurdler,

Maziah Mahusin, as part of its 2012 team. That just leaves Saudi Arabia, which is not

sending any female athletes.

8 Noor’s family was sporty: her brothers played football, her sisters handball. She started

sprinting in school competitions in 2008 and was spotted by the national coach, who

invited her to train at Qatar’s high performance centre for women’s sport, founded in 2007.

9 She is one of 50 athletes who train there. “Having a dedicated centre tells girls like me

that we have done a good job and we deserve to have special treatment,” she said. “It gives

us hope and motivation.” Noor says many people are surprised when they find out what

she does. “Traditionally, sport is not for women in an area like this. It is not common to

see a female champion.”

10 Noor is not going to London for a medal. “I could not believe it when they told me I

was going to the Olympics,” she said. “It was a shock but it was also a source of immense

happiness and pride. It is the dream of every athlete in Qatar and I will be taking that with

me. I am nervous but I try to focus on the fact that I am going for a specific reason, which

is to represent Qatari women and to encourage more women to

get into sport.”

© Guardian News and Media 2012First published in The

Guardian, 01/06/12

Note: Since, this article was written, Saudi Arabia has

announced that it will allow women to compete in London 2012.

In a statement issued on 24th June, the Saudi embassy in London

said that women could compete as long as they qualify.

B. Are these statements true (T) or false (F) according to the information in the article? Underline the parts of the article that provide the information. Correct any statements that are false.

1. Qatar is sending three young women to represent their country at

the Olympic Games in London.

2. They will represent their country at running, swimming and cycling.


Página 13

3. Brunei is the only country in the Middle East which does not send

women athletes to the Olympics.

4. The 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Qatar.

5. Noor is an only child and so her parents encouraged her to take up

sports.

6. Noor trains in Qatar at a special sports centre for women.

7. It is not common to see female champions in Qatar and so Noor

does not have any role models.

8. Noor is hoping to win a gold medal for her country.

C. Discuss the questions below in small groups. • Do you think the International Olympic Committee was right to give Noor al-Malki a special allowance to compete in the Olympic Games? Why? • Did you watch the 2012 Olympic Games? Which were your favourite events to watch? Why? D. Contextual reference: What do the highlighted words in the text refer to? E. Translate the text.


Página 14

TRABAJO PRACTICO N°6

Dilemmas in the process of weight reduction: Exploring how women experience training as a means of losing weight

A. Pre-reading stage. 1. Have a look at the article and identify its structure. 2. Who are the authors? 3. What is the source? 4. Are there any visuals? 5. Have a look at the title. What do you know about the topic? What information do you think this article may include? B. Abstract. 1. Read the abstract and identify its four parts. 2. Translate the abstract. C. Introduction. 1. Read the introduction and write T or F.

Nowadays, obesity is considered just a superficial issue.

Obesity has not only physical but also psychological consequences.

There are no differences between men and women as regards this finding.

Eating a healthy diet is enough for losing weight.

Public Health institutions are concerned with obesity and its consequences.

The WHO sees obesity as an illness.

The effect of exercise on losing weight has not been proved.

There is enough research about how individuals see exercise as a way to lose weight.

Some studies have discovered that women associate exercise with negative feelings.

2. Translate the Introduction.


Página 15

D. Complete the following chart briefly.

Aims

The treatment program: when who, where, how

Theoretical framework

Methods

E. Results. Make a list of the five themes described in the Results section. 1- .........................................

2- .........................................

3- .........................................

4- .........................................

5- .........................................

F. Discussion. Translate the Discussion section. (Not the Methodological considerations)


Página 16

TRABAJO PRACTICO N°7

Exercise and the metabolic syndrome with weight regain

A. Pre-reading stage. 1. Have a look at the article and identify its structure. 2. Who are the authors? 3. What is the source? 4. When was it published? 5. Are there any visuals? 6. Have a look at the title. What do you know about the topic? What information do you think this article may include? B. Abstract. 1. Read the abstract and identify its four parts. (P, M, R and C) 2. Translate the abstract. C. Introduction.

1. Read the introduction section and answer the following questions. 2. What is happening with Americans nowadays? 3. What can happen to individuals with Mets? 4. What does the article say about “weight loss” and “weight loss and regain”? 5. What do the latest results suggest about exercise? 6. What is the purpose of this study? 7. What is the author hypothesis?

D. Method Summarize the method section. E. Discussion. F. Translate the discussion section.

Worksheet Guide PUEF 2015

Documents

Transcript of Worksheet Guide PUEF 2015