Mapa de Competencias 3.0 (2)

7/31/2019 Mapa de Competencias 3.0 (2)

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ICB 3.0 IPMA Competence Baseline

by IPMA www.ipma.ch

1 Technical Competences............................................................................................................ 32

1.1 1.01 Project management success .................................................................................... 33

1.1.1 Possible process steps: ............................................................................................... 34

Analyse the project and its context, including existing decisions and documentation. . 34

Develop a PM concept, based on the project requirements, discuss the proposal with

the relevant interested parties and agree to the PM contract with the customer. ....... 34

Plan the management of the project and establish the PM team, methods, techniques

and tools. ......................................................................................................................... 34

Plan the integration procedures including context management, remove

incompatibilities. ............................................................................................................. 34

Execute and control PM plans and changes, report on PM performance. ..................... 34

Collect results achieved and their interpretation and communicate to relevant

interested parties. ........................................................................................................... 34

Evaluate PM successes and failures, transfer and apply lessons learnt to future projects.

......................................................................................................................................... 34

1.1.2 Topics adressed .......................................................................................................... 34

Expectations of interested parties Integration ............................................................... 34


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PM assessment ................................................................................................................ 34

PM audit .......................................................................................................................... 34

PM plan, project plans .................................................................................................... 34

PM planning and contracting .......................................................................................... 34

PM standards and regulations ........................................................................................ 34

PM success and failure criteria ....................................................................................... 34

1.2 1.02 Interested parties ...................................................................................................... 34


Identify and prioritise the interested parties' interests. ................................................. 36

Analyse their interests and requirements. ...................................................................... 36

Communicate to interested parties, which of their requirements will be fulfilled or not

fulfilled by the project. .................................................................................................... 36

Develop a strategy to cope with the interested parties. ................................................ 36

Include interested parties' interests and expectations in the requirements, objectives,

scope, deliverables, time schedule and costs of the project plan. ................................. 36

Place under risk management the threats and opportunities represented by the

interested par-ties. .......................................................................................................... 36

Identify the decision escalation process between the project team and the interested

parties. ............................................................................................................................. 36

Ensure the interested parties are satisfied in each project phase. ................................. 36

Carry out the interested parties' management plan. ..................................................... 36

Execute, communicate and manage changes in the interested parties' plan. ............... 36

Document the lessons learnt and apply to future projects. ........................................... 36

1.2.2 Topics addressed ........................................................................................................ 36

Internal and external networks ....................................................................................... 36

Interested parties communications strategy .................................................................. 36

Interested parties interests and satisfaction .................................................................. 36Interested parties management plan.............................................................................. 36

Expectation management ............................................................................................... 36

Position of the project in the programme, portfolio and the organisation of the business

Project context ................................................................................................................ 36

1.3 1.03 Project requirements & objectives ........................................................................... 36


Gather, document, and get agreement on project requirements. ................................. 38

Develop a business case and project strategies and place them under change

management. .................................................................................................................. 38


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Define project objectives, appraise the project, carry out a feasibility study, and

establish a project plan. .................................................................................................. 38

Communicate progress and changes. ............................................................................. 38

Validate requirements at key points in the project life-cycle. ........................................ 38

Assess compliance with project objectives and requirements and seek authorisation for

the project. ...................................................................................................................... 38

Set up project review process. ........................................................................................ 38


1.3.2 Topics adressed .......................................................................................................... 38

Assessment and prioritising ............................................................................................ 38

Business case ................................................................................................................... 38

Project charter ................................................................................................................. 38Project context, context conditions ................................................................................ 38

Project definition, agreement on project objectives and context conditions ................ 38

Project plans .................................................................................................................... 38

Project requirements management Project strategy ..................................................... 38

Value management, benchmarks (e.g. ROT), balanced score card ................................ 38

1.4 1.04 Risk & opportunity .................................................................................................... 38


Identify and assess risks and opportunities. ................................................................... 40

Develop a risk and opportunity response plan and have it approved and communicated.

......................................................................................................................................... 40

Update the different project plans affected by the approved risks and opportunities

response plan. ................................................................................................................. 40

Assess the probability of attaining time and cost objectives, and keep doing it during

the project. ...................................................................................................................... 40

Continuously identify new risks, reassess risks, plan responses and modify the project

plan. ................................................................................................................................. 40

Control the risk and opportunity response plan. ............................................................ 40

Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects; update risk identification tools.

......................................................................................................................................... 40

1.4.2 Topocs addressed ....................................................................................................... 40

Contingency response plans ........................................................................................... 40

Cost and duration contingency reserves Expected monetary value............................... 40

Qualitative risk assessment tools and techniques Quantitative risk assessment tools andtechniques ....................................................................................................................... 40


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Residual risk and fallback plan ........................................................................................ 40

Risk and opportunity owners .......................................................................................... 40

Risk and opportunity response strategies and plans ...................................................... 40

Risk and opportunity taking attitudes, risk aversion ...................................................... 40

Risk identification techniques and tools Scenario planning ............................................ 40

Sensitivity analysis ........................................................................................................... 40

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats analysis (SWOT) .................................... 40

Successive principle ......................................................................................................... 40

1.5 1.05 Quality ....................................................................................................................... 40


Develop the quality plan. ................................................................................................ 42

Select, build and test: ...................................................................................................... 42

Prototypes / models .................................................................................................... 42

Versions ....................................................................................................................... 42

Documentation. .......................................................................................................... 42

Get approval for, build and test the final version. .......................................................... 42

Carry out quality assurance and control ......................................................................... 42

Carry out testing, document and seek approval for the results. .................................... 42

Recommend and apply corrective actions and report on actions to eliminate defects. 42

Document the lessons learnt and apply to new projects. .............................................. 42

1.5.2 Topic addressed ......................................................................................................... 42

Computer aided design, prototyping, modelling and testing Defect detection methods

and defect remediation methods Effectiveness and cost of quality management ........ 42

Metrics ............................................................................................................................ 42

Process quality management .......................................................................................... 42

Product quality management .......................................................................................... 42

Standard operating procedures ...................................................................................... 42

Version control ................................................................................................................ 42

1.6 1.06 Project organisation .................................................................................................. 42


Determine what sort of project organisation and resources are required. .................... 44

Identify all the organisational units that will provide resources to the project. ............ 44

Define the roles, responsibilities, interfaces, levels of authority and procedures in the

project. ............................................................................................................................ 44

Obtain resources from organisational units. .................................................................. 44


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Define and regulate the interfaces with the units of the permanent organisation........ 44

Communicate decisions, lead the project organisation. ................................................. 44

Maintain, update and change the project organisation during the project life-cycle if

needed............................................................................................................................. 44

Continuously seek to improve the project organisation. ................................................ 44



Decision models .............................................................................................................. 44

Interface management Organisation chart Procedures, processes ................................ 44

Resource evaluation and continuous learning ................................................................ 44

Responsibility matrix Standard meeting schedule Task descriptions ............................. 44

1.7 1.07 Teamwork .................................................................................................................. 44


Form - develop a common sense of purpose, belonging and commitment. .................. 45

Storm - assign roles, responsibilities and tasks to aid control, decision-making and

conflict resolution. ......................................................................................................... 45

Norm - openness in how team members can work together. ........................................ 45

Perform - develop interdependency to obtain outstanding results. .............................. 45

At the conclusion of the project, hand over the project deliverables to the line

organisation and disband the team. ............................................................................... 45



Ability to work in teams .................................................................................................. 45

Cooperation with management ...................................................................................... 45

Decision making and representing roles Geographical separation ................................ 45

Group dynamics .............................................................................................................. 45

Individual profile assessment .......................................................................................... 45

1.8 1.08 Problem resolution .................................................................................................... 45


Include procedures for detecting problems in the project plan. .................................... 46

Identify when situations arise where there is a need for problem solving. ................... 46

Analyse the problem and identify its root cause. ........................................................... 46

Apply creative methods to capture ideas to solve the problem. .................................... 46

Evaluate the ideas and select a preferred option, involving interested parties at

appropriate steps in the process. .................................................................................... 46


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Implement and review the effectiveness of the selected solution and make adjustments

as necessary. .................................................................................................................. 46

Document the whole process and ensure that lessons learnt are applied to future

projects. ........................................................................................................................... 46


Identifying and assessment of alternative options ......................................................... 46

Moving between the whole project to the detail and back again .................................. 46

Thinking in terms of systems ........................................................................................... 46

Total benefit analysis ...................................................................................................... 46

Value analysis .................................................................................................................. 46

1.9 1.09 Project structures ...................................................................................................... 46

1.9.1 Possible process steps: ............................................................................................... 48Analyse the portfolio, programme or project and define the different structures which

are appropriate. ............................................................................................................. 48

Assign an owner to each of the structures. .................................................................... 48

Define the requirements for each of the structures and how they will operate. ........... 48

Develop a means of displaying the structures. ............................................................... 48

Elaborate, analyse and select the structures. ................................................................. 48

Communicate and control project structures. ................................................................ 48

Maintain the structures................................................................................................... 48

Document the lessons learnt and apply to future portfolios-programmes-projects. .... 48


Coding systems ................................................................................................................ 48

Databases, data input and output definition .................................................................. 48

Hierarchical and non-hierarchical structures .................................................................. 48

Multi-dimensional structures .......................................................................................... 48

Width and depth of structures ........................................................................................ 48

Work breakdown structures ........................................................................................... 48

1.10 1.10 Scope & deliverables ............................................................................................... 48

1.10.1 Possible process steps: ............................................................................................. 50

Define interested parties' requirements and objectives. ............................................... 50

Agree appropriate deliverables with the interested parties........................................... 50

Define project scope and control it in all project phases................................................ 50

Update the deliverables and scope when changes are agreed with the interested

parties. ............................................................................................................................. 50


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Control the quality of the deliverables. .......................................................................... 50

Formally hand over the deliverables to the interested parties. ..................................... 50


1.10.2 Topics addressed ...................................................................................................... 50

Change management ...................................................................................................... 50

Configuration management ............................................................................................ 50

Deliverable design and control methods ........................................................................ 50

Documentation and coherence of results ....................................................................... 50

Interfaces ......................................................................................................................... 50

New or changed deliverables and their functions .......................................................... 50

New or changed organisational functions and solutions ................................................ 50

New or changed physical products or services and their functions ............................... 50

Scope definition .............................................................................................................. 50

1.11 1.11 Time & project phases ............................................................................................. 50


Define and sequence the activities and-or work packages. ............................................ 52

Estimate duration. ........................................................................................................... 52

Schedule the project or phase. ....................................................................................... 52

Allocate and balance resources. ..................................................................................... 52

Compare target, planned and actual dates and update forecast as necessary. ............. 52

Control the time schedule with respect to changes. ...................................................... 52


1.11.2 Topics adressed ........................................................................................................ 52

Budget for project cost .................................................................................................... 52

Cash flows in and out ...................................................................................................... 52

Cash buffer' or `float' or contingency' .......................................................................... 52

Chart of accounts ............................................................................................................ 52

Cost control methods ...................................................................................................... 52

Cost estimating methods ................................................................................................ 52

Cost structures ................................................................................................................ 52

Currencies........................................................................................................................ 52

Design to cost .................................................................................................................. 52

Earned value .................................................................................................................... 52

Final cost forecast ........................................................................................................... 52


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Financial resources .......................................................................................................... 52

Financing models ............................................................................................................. 52

Inflation in prices ............................................................................................................. 52

1.12 1.12 Resources ................................................................................................................ 52


Identify what resources are required, including the specific project management effort.

The cornpetences required of the personnel in the project team should also be made

explicit. ............................................................................................................................ 54

Schedule the resources. .................................................................................................. 54

Obtain agreement with line management for resource assignments to the project. .... 54

Place the estimates and the resource assignments plan under change control. ........... 54

Manage assignments, with special emphasis on the productivity of newly appointedpersonnel......................................................................................................................... 54

Control the resources with respect to changes. ............................................................. 54

Where resources have been over- or under-estimated escalate to programme or

portfolio level for resource (re-) allocation. .................................................................... 54

Modify the resource estimates database at project close-out with figures for the

resources actually used. ................................................................................................. 54

Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects................................................... 54

1.12.2 Topics addressed ...................................................................................................... 54Resource buffer (on the critical path) ............................................................................. 54

Resource control methods .............................................................................................. 54

Resource estimates database (for planning and balancing resources) Resource

estimating methods ........................................................................................................ 54

Resource rates ................................................................................................................. 54

1.12.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 54

1.13 1.13 Cost & Finance ......................................................................................................... 55


Possible cost management process steps: ...................................................................... 58

Analyse and decide on project, programme or portfolio cost management system. 58

Estimate and evaluate costs of each work package, including overhead costs. ......... 58

Establish cost monitoring and controlling elements, as well as inflation and currency

management if necessary. ......................................................................................... 58

Define cost objectives. ................................................................................................ 58

Calculate actual resource usage and costs or expenses incurred. .............................. 58Take all changes and claims into account. .................................................................. 58


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Analyse variances and causes, compare actual versus planned cost. ........................ 58

Forecast cost trends and final costs. ........................................................................... 58

Develop and apply corrective actions. ........................................................................ 58

Update the cost estimate with respect to changes. ................................................... 58

Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects............................................... 58

Possible financial management process steps: ............................................................... 58

Analyse financing options/models for project, programme or portfolio. .................. 58

Negotiate with possible sources of funds and determine conditions attached. ........ 58

Select source of project funding. ................................................................................ 58

Allocate budget to cost items, analyse advance payments. ....................................... 58

Calculate financial resource usage and cash-in and cash-out flows of the project,

programme or portfolio. ............................................................................................. 58

Establish and control processes and authorisations for payments. ........................... 58

Recognise or establish and control book-keeping and financial auditing systems. .... 58

Take into account modification of financial resource usage and budgets available

during the project life-cycle. ....................................................................................... 58

Validate and manage budgets, covering incurred costs. ............................................ 58

Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects............................................... 58


Budget for project cost .................................................................................................... 59

Cash flows in and out ...................................................................................................... 59

Cash buffer' or `float' or contingency' .......................................................................... 59

Chart of accounts ............................................................................................................ 59

Cost control methods ...................................................................................................... 59

Cost estimating methods ................................................................................................ 59

Cost structures ................................................................................................................ 59

Currencies........................................................................................................................ 59

Design to cost .................................................................................................................. 59

Earned value .................................................................................................................... 59

Final cost forecast ........................................................................................................... 59

Financial resources .......................................................................................................... 59

Financing models ............................................................................................................. 59

Inflation in prices ............................................................................................................. 59

1.13.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 59

1.14 1.14 Procurement & contract ......................................................................................... 60


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Identify and define what needs to be procured. ............................................................ 62

Put bids out to tender. .................................................................................................... 62

Select suppliers. .............................................................................................................. 62

Establish contract administration. .................................................................................. 62

Execute contract.............................................................................................................. 62

Manage changes. ............................................................................................................ 62

Accept contract completion. ........................................................................................... 62

Close contract. ................................................................................................................. 62



Acceptance procedure and tests ..................................................................................... 62

Change management Claim management ...................................................................... 62

Contract performance review ......................................................................................... 62

Contract terms, including default penalties .................................................................... 62

Make / Buy analysis Penalties ......................................................................................... 62

Procurement policies and practices ................................................................................ 62

Strategic partnerships Supply chain agreements Tendering process ............................. 62

1.14.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 62

1.15 1.15 Changes ................................................................................................................... 63


Decide on change management policy and process to be used. .................................... 65

Identify all proposed changes. ........................................................................................ 65

Analyse their consequences to the project. .................................................................... 65

Seek authorisation for the changes, where necessary. .................................................. 65

Get changes accepted or rejected. ................................................................................. 65

Plan, execute, control and close approved changes. ...................................................... 65

Report status of changes after completion. .................................................................... 65

Monitor effect of changes against project baseline. ...................................................... 65

Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects................................................... 65


Change authority ............................................................................................................. 65

Change management ...................................................................................................... 65

Change order management Change request .................................................................. 65


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Configuration management Product redesign ................................................................ 65

1.15.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 65

1.16 1.16 Control & Reports.................................................................................................... 66


Establish an effective project reporting system. ............................................................. 68

Monitor project status and performance on specific dates. .......................................... 68

Analyse objectives, plans and identify any deviations; run trend forecasts. .................. 68

Plan alternatives and run simulations (what-if and trade-off analysis). ......................... 68

Develop and apply corrective actions. ............................................................................ 68

Eventually adjust project objectives. .............................................................................. 68

Report project status and performance to interested parties. ....................................... 68



Actuals ............................................................................................................................. 68

Contingency ..................................................................................................................... 68

Corrective actions Forecast ............................................................................................. 68

Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 68

Project status................................................................................................................... 68

1.16.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 68

1.17 1.17 Information & Documentation ................................................................................ 68


Process steps involved in information ............................................................................ 70

1. Plan the project management information system for the project, programme or

portfolio. ...................................................................................................................... 70

2. Ensure compliance with the organisation's policies and any regulatory

requirements. .............................................................................................................. 70

3. Implement the project management information system. .................................... 70

4. Control the use of the project management information system. ......................... 70

5. Audit the use of the project management information system. ............................ 70

6. Document the lessons learnt and apply to future projects. ................................... 70

Process steps involved in documentation ....................................................................... 70

Develop a documentation management plan ............................................................ 70

Ensure compliance with the organisation's policies and any regulatory requirements

on documentation. .................................................................................................... 70

Classify documents. ..................................................................................................... 70


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Issue documents.......................................................................................................... 70

S. S'ccsre 'uotome' is,'m'narh copy anh % or electronic format. ................................ 70

6. Control documentation updates and versions. ....................................................... 70

7. Archive documents. ................................................................................................. 70

8. Document the lessons learnt and apply to future projects. ................................... 70


Confidentiality ................................................................................................................. 70

Document design and format ......................................................................................... 70

Document identification and modification Filing and archiving ..................................... 70

Hand-over to customer ................................................................................................... 70

Information databases .................................................................................................... 70

Information structure and management plan Regulatory requirements , ..................... 70

Security ............................................................................................................................ 70

Semantics ........................................................................................................................ 70

1.17.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 70

1.18 1.18 Communication ....................................................................................................... 71


Set out the communication plan at the start of the project or programme, or as one of

the port-folio processes. ................................................................................................. 73Identify the target population for communication and their location. .......................... 73

Determine what needs to be communicated and the context. ...................................... 73

Choose the place, time, duration and means of communication. .................................. 73

Plan the communication process and prepare material. ................................................ 73

Check the infrastructure and send/transmit communication. ....................................... 73

Seek feedback on the effectiveness of the communication. .......................................... 73

Evaluate and take appropriate action. ............................................................................ 73



Appropriate communication ........................................................................................... 73

Body language ................................................................................................................. 73

Communication plan ....................................................................................................... 73

Formal and informal communications ............................................................................ 73

Listening Meetings Presentations ................................................................................... 73

Security and confidentiality ............................................................................................ 73


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Verbal communication .................................................................................................... 73

Written communication .................................................................................................. 73

1.18.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 73

1.19 1.19 Start-Up ................................................................................................................... 74


Initiate start-up process. ................................................................................................. 75

Communicate the programme/project objectives and their/ its context. ..................... 75

Create a shared vision or mission for the programme or project in the plans. .............. 75

Develop a detailed programme or project management plan. ...................................... 75

Gain acceptance for the programme/project and programme/project management

plan. ................................................................................................................................. 75

Get the programme/project team working together and focus on the purpose of theprogramr project. ............................................................................................................ 75

Secure resources, finance, equipment and facilities. ..................................................... 75

Ensure adequate start-up of the programme/project, its projects/sub-projects and proj

phases.............................................................................................................................. 75

Get agreement on the programme/project charter and programme/project

management pl review at every phase of the programme/project and its projects/sub-

projects and modify necessary........................................................................................ 75

Document the lessons learnt and apply to future programmes/projects. ..................... 751.19.2 Topics addressed ...................................................................................................... 75

Programme/ Project charter ........................................................................................... 75

Programme/ Project management plan ......................................................................... 75

Start-up workshop ........................................................................................................... 75

1.19.3 Relations ................................................................................................................... 75

1.20 1.20 Close-Out ................................................................................................................. 76


Start to use deliverables. ................................................................................................. 77

Formalise project completion process, hand over operational documents and agree on

a process to resolve open issues. .................................................................................... 77

Obtain customer feedback. ............................................................................................. 77

Update/Agree on deliverable-related services, e.g. as built' documentation (what has

actually been delivered); training courses, and product support. .................................. 77

Update/Agree on conditions of warranty. ...................................................................... 77

Close contracts with contractors and suppliers. ............................................................. 77Complete all financial transactions and update the final costs. ..................................... 77


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Provide coaching and training for team members in leadership. ................................... 81

Review and seek continuous improvement in your own and team members'

competence in leadership. ............................................................................................. 81



Coaching .......................................................................................................................... 81

Delegation ....................................................................................................................... 81

Feedback ......................................................................................................................... 81

Leadership styles ............................................................................................................. 81

Motivation Natural authority .......................................................................................... 81

Power .............................................................................................................................. 81

Recognition ..................................................................................................................... 81

Tenacity ........................................................................................................................... 81

Vision ............................................................................................................................... 81

3.2 2.02 Engagement & motivation ........................................................................................ 81


Be aware of the requirements of the various interested parties and the circumstances

and interests of individuals in the project. .................................................................... 83

Be explicit about which interested parties or personal interests can't or won't be

served. ............................................................................................................................. 83

Examine possibilities to include the interests of all parties, define quick wins and

incentives. ....................................................................................................................... 83

Be sure to understand what parts of the project different members of the team have

bought into and be alert to changes in motivation levels. ............................................. 83

Appreciate, communicate and/or document achievements promptly and adequately. 83

Work on a culture which takes pride in the project and the teams achievements,

provide regular feedback to the team and its individuals and keep everyone involved. 83

Be aware of possible changes in interested parties or their interests and act

accordingly. ..................................................................................................................... 83



Accountability .................................................................................................................. 83

Delegation and empowerment ....................................................................................... 83

Enthusiasm ...................................................................................................................... 83

Motivation models .......................................................................................................... 83Team building .................................................................................................................. 83


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Positive attitude .............................................................................................................. 83

Verbalisation and visualisation of objectives .................................................................. 83

3.3 2.03 Self-control ................................................................................................................ 83


Analyse the stressful situation: where and why does stress and loss of self-control

occur? .............................................................................................................................. 84

Analyse your working behaviour, and determine what causes you to become stressed

and lose self-controL ....................................................................................................... 84

Provide adequate resources (capacity and capability) for the project team. ................. 84

Perform an analysis of strengths and weakness in the team and get individuals to set

their goals. ....................................................................................................................... 84

Identify actions to reduce stress. .................................................................................... 84

Communicate openly and honestly with people involved to reduce stress levels. ........ 84

Share some of your responsibilities and tasks; delegate them with appropriate

authority to per-form the work. ...................................................................................... 84

Be well organised yourself and display appropriate behaviours. ................................... 84

Learn from stressful situations and loss of self-control; use that knowledge to minimise

the impact of such situations when they happen in the future. ..................................... 84


Self-management ............................................................................................................ 84Teamwork Attitude towards work .................................................................................. 84

Balance and priorities ...................................................................................................... 84

Mental models ................................................................................................................ 84

Time management .......................................................................................................... 84

Working under stress ...................................................................................................... 84

3.4 2.04 Assertiveness ............................................................................................................. 84


Identify the objectives, results and goals which should be achieved in the project. ..... 86

Analyse the current situation, identify what issues are likely to provoke debate and the

possible consequences. ................................................................................................... 86

Consider factual arguments around particular issues; prepare your presentation,

including rebuttals for possible counter arguments. ..................................................... 86

Assess the people involved in the discussion, their likely points of view, interests and

relation-ships. .................................................................................................................. 86

Prepare for the meeting where the issues will be discussed. ......................................... 86

Present your case in a calm and self-assured manner. ................................................... 86


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Express thanks to meeting participants for their interest, show appreciation for their

input. ............................................................................................................................... 86

Cultivate sustainable relationships with interested parties............................................ 86

Continuously learn from your experiences and apply learning in the future. ................ 86


Assertiveness and persuasion ......................................................................................... 86

Authority ......................................................................................................................... 86

Diplomacy ........................................................................................................................ 86

Negotiation ...................................................................................................................... 86

Personal conviction ......................................................................................................... 86

Personality ....................................................................................................................... 86

Relationships ................................................................................................................... 86

Self-belief ........................................................................................................................ 86

Self-control ...................................................................................................................... 86

3.5 2.05 Relaxation .................................................................................................................. 86


Detect tensions or fatigue within the project team. ....................................................... 88

Be proactive in discovering the reasons for tensions or fatigue and remove cause(s);

take immediate action to minimise the problem. .......................................................... 88

When an intervention is possible, then develop an appropriate action plan. Use care in

choosing .......................................................................................................................... 88

the intervention venue and methods (such as facilitated discussions or interviews). ... 88

Where possible choose venues away from the work place and /or an unconventional

setting that ...................................................................................................................... 88

allow combining the intervention with social or leisure activities (such as a barbeque,

ten pin ............................................................................................................................. 88

bowling, go-carting) for maximum effect. ...................................................................... 88

Regularly follow-up on such situations with the team and involve them in any action

plan. ................................................................................................................................. 88

Document lessons learned and implement learning when such situations arise in the

project or phases of the project in the future. ............................................................... 88


Appropriate balance of work, family, and leisure Awareness ........................................ 88

De-escalation ................................................................................................................... 88

Humour ........................................................................................................................... 88Imagination ..................................................................................................................... 88


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Perceptiveness ................................................................................................................ 88

Personal contacts ............................................................................................................ 88

Re-energising ................................................................................................................... 88

3.6 2.06 Openness ................................................................................................................... 88


Develop a policy in relation to openness. ....................................................................... 89

Begin your working day with informal contacts by `phone or face-to-face encounters. 89

Welcome the information you receive and give your opinion on the topic of

conversation. ................................................................................................................... 89

Use open questions. ........................................................................................................ 89

Create opportunities to stimulate openness in the team. .............................................. 89

When you receive positive input, praise the person who gave it, so that everyoneknows that it's appreciated. ............................................................................................ 89

Learn from each situation and continue to improve your methods of openness. ......... 89


Accessibility ..................................................................................................................... 89

Broad non-PM knowledge ............................................................................................... 89

Flexibility ......................................................................................................................... 89

Open to age, gender, sexual orientation, religion, cultural, and disability differences .. 89

Transparency ................................................................................................................... 89

3.7 2.07 Creativity ................................................................................................................... 89


Recognise situations whore there is a problem to be solved, a challenge to be

addressed or where ........................................................................................................ 91

a new concept needs to be developed and where a creative approach is appropriate. 91

Determine who can contribute to finding a creative solution, whether from the project

team or ............................................................................................................................ 91elsewhere in or outside the organisation. ...................................................................... 91

Get the chosen group of people together, explain the problem requiring a solution and

ask them to use their imaginations in offering ideas. ..................................................... 91

Stimulate and `brainstorm' as many ideas as possible; capture them all without debate.

......................................................................................................................................... 91

Assess the merits of each idea and prioritise them. ....................................................... 91

Discuss the feasibility and implications of implementing the best ideas and select one

to go for-ward with. ........................................................................................................ 91Plan and execute the chosen solution. ........................................................................... 91


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Document the lessons learnt and apply in similar situations in the future. ................... 91


Creativity techniques ...................................................................................................... 91

Emotional intelligence ..................................................................................................... 91

Holistic thinking ............................................................................................................... 91

Imagination ..................................................................................................................... 91

Intuition ........................................................................................................................... 91

New combinations .......................................................................................................... 91

Optimism ......................................................................................................................... 91

Verbalisation and visualisation of objectives .................................................................. 91

3.8 2.08 Results orientation .................................................................................................... 91


Define project results (objectives, deliverables) expected by all parties, dearly and

unambiguously. .............................................................................................................. 93

Cluster results into those for customers, project team and other interested parties. ... 93

Be explicit as to which interested party's expectations will not be part of the project

objectives and the various results or the deliverables to be produced. ......................... 93

Determine the critical path for the project, communicate this to all parties and get it

accepted. ......................................................................................................................... 93

Complete the project plan paying attention to quick wins. Communicate the plan and

get it accepted. ................................................................................................................ 93

Repeat these steps during the project to manage risks, opportunities, changes and

expectations. .................................................................................................................. 93

Strive for continuous improvement by providing regular feedback to interested parties

on the project team's performance. ............................................................................... 93

Communicate good project performance and results to interested parties. Pay special

attention to quick wins. .................................................................................................. 93

Compare project performance and results obtained to the agreed parameters of theproject. ............................................................................................................................ 93

Documents lessons learnt and implement changes in future projects or phases of the

project. ............................................................................................................................ 93


Continuous improvement ............................................................................................... 93

Communication ............................................................................................................... 93

Delegation ....................................................................................................................... 93

Efficiency ......................................................................................................................... 93


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Entrepreneurship ............................................................................................................ 93

Integration of social, technical and environmental aspects ........................................... 93

Management of interested parties' expectations ........................................................... 93

Management of risk, changes, configuration ................................................................. 93

3.9 2.09 Efficiency ................................................................................................................... 93


Actively seek to improve current methods, systems, processes and structures which are

relevant to the project, programme or portfolio. ........................................................... 95

Plan the necessary activities, obtain resources and assign them to deliver a given task,

adding a contingency factor where appropriate............................................................. 95

Decide on priorities and acceptable deviations regarding time, money or otherwise for

the work to be done. ....................................................................................................... 95

Integrate resources and energy efficient technologies into the project and account for

the project's external costs. ............................................................................................ 95

Manage the execution of work and continuously seek possible resource savings,

without affecting quality. ............................................................................................... 95

Monitor the work done and resources used and compare with the project plan. ......... 95

Estimate the resources required to complete the project.............................................. 95

Report if agreed resources will not be sufficient and propose counter measures. ........ 95

At the conclusion of the project, calculate resources actually used and re-plan similartasks based on the new figures. Practice continuous improvement. ............................. 95

Document and communicate insights for benchrnarking purposes in other projects or

phases of the same project. ............................................................................................ 95


Benchmarking and measurements ................................................................................. 95

Compromises................................................................................................................... 95

Contingency ..................................................................................................................... 95

Continuous improvement ............................................................................................... 95

Life-cycle costs................................................................................................................. 95

Productivity ..................................................................................................................... 95

Resource and energy efficiency ...................................................................................... 95

Social and environmental costs....................................................................................... 95

3.10 2.10 Consultation ............................................................................................................ 95


Analyse situation and context. ........................................................................................ 97Identify goals and (next best) options. ............................................................................ 97


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Listen to others' arguments. ........................................................................................... 97

Take account of others' goals and arguments. ............................................................... 97

Identify common ground and differences. ..................................................................... 97

Diagnose the problem, identify solutions and/or take actions to circumvent the

problem. .......................................................................................................................... 97

Resolve differences or agree on differences and the way to resolve them. .................. 97

Consider consequences; document and communicate. ................................................. 97

Apply learning to future projects or phases of the same project ................................... 97


Argument ........................................................................................................................ 97

Confrontation .................................................................................................................. 97

Consultation methods and techniques ........................................................................... 97

Deciding and creating a win-win situation ...................................................................... 97

Diplomacy ........................................................................................................................ 97

Negotiation ...................................................................................................................... 97

Reasoning ........................................................................................................................ 97

Scenario planning ............................................................................................................ 97

Systematic and structured thinking ................................................................................ 97

Systems engineering ....................................................................................................... 973.11 2.11 Negotiation .............................................................................................................. 97


Decide on the desired outcome and minimum acceptable position. ............................. 98

Set out negotiation strategy. .......................................................................................... 98

Ask questions, collect data on the issues which underlie the disagreements; analyse the

data. ................................................................................................................................ 98

Present options that address the issues. ........................................................................ 98

Consider the options to achieve a win-win negotiation. ................................................ 98

Focus on areas where you agree and maintain a positive relationship with other parties.

......................................................................................................................................... 98

Discuss and evaluate each others responses, repeating steps in the negotiation process

as many times as necessary until a conclusion is reached. ............................................. 98

Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects or phases of the same project.. 98


Body language ................................................................................................................. 98

Communication ............................................................................................................... 98


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Leadership ....................................................................................................................... 98

Negotiation techniques ................................................................................................... 98

Problem solving ............................................................................................................... 98

Consensus management ................................................................................................. 98

3.12 2.12 Conflict & crisis ........................................................................................................ 98

3.12.1 Possible process steps: ........................................................................................... 100

Based on a risk analysis, describe and cover issues in the project contracts and plans on

how to handle predictable types of conflicts or crises should they arise. .................... 100

In the case of a conflict or crisis occurring in a project: ................................................ 100

Be sure that the project manager isn't personally involved and part of the conflict or

crisis. In that case it is wise to let the project owner/senior management know so

that they can assign someone else to resolve the conflict or crisis. ......................... 100

2.2 Consider the conflict or crisis from all parties' viewpoints. ................................ 100

2.3 Consider what approach to use to resolve the situation or whether to seek

mediation using a third party. ................................................................................... 100

2.4 Consider options to resolve the situation, balancing the interests of all parties.

2.5 Discuss, decide and communicate the agreed solution. ..................................... 100

2.6 Document lessons learnt and apply to future projects or phases of the same

project ....................................................................................................................... 100

3.12.2 Topics addressed .................................................................................................... 100

Arbitration ..................................................................................................................... 100

Contract ......................................................................................................................... 100

Crisis management team............................................................................................... 100

Escalation procedure ..................................................................................................... 100

Interpersonal skills ........................................................................................................ 100

Judgement ..................................................................................................................... 100

Mediation ...................................................................................................................... 100

Motivation ..................................................................................................................... 100

Risk Analysis .................................................................................................................. 100

3.13 2.13 Reliability ............................................................................................................... 100

3.13.1 Possible process steps: ........................................................................................... 101

Is well organised, uses appropriate planning and scheduling techniques and maintains

adequate communication with interested parties. ...................................................... 101

Collects information on the interests of the various parties associated with the project

and assesses their reliability on a personal and working level. ................................... 101


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Is honest and creates openness with all individuals and group representatives involved

with the project, based on mutual respect. .................................................................. 101

Ensures that all key people participate in Finding solutions or scenario planning. ...... 101

Identifies and assesses risks and opportunities and defines suitable scenarios and

actions and/or implements the consequences in the project plan. ............................. 101

Gets agreement on the solution and/or the revised plan. ........................................... 101

Executes and manages the work performed systematically. ........................................ 101

Communicates adequately and provides feedback on the lessons learned ........

Mapa de Competencias 3.0 (2)

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Transcript of Mapa de Competencias 3.0 (2)