Logored - Noviembre 2011

5/11/2018 Logored - Noviembre 2011 - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/logored-noviembre-2011 1/34

Nb pbfd`k ej ikxprfj `b njhbx,

lb ikxlj`k aklk }xkibqdkfjebf rfj areprxj jaj`äldaj tadbfpìidaj zrb lb bfqbúñ j

njhejx `b ―}bxqkfj“% arjf`kek ydobfpb bxj njhejx `b―qrcbpk“% ―df`dyd`rk“ k ‑ bf ekqajqkq lêq kqj`kq ‑ `b

―nklhxb“& Irb jqì zrb% `bq`bbqb nrljfdqlk }bxqkfjedqpj%irb lrt qbfadeek be `bqarhxd,ldbfpk t ld jabxajldbfpk je}bfqjldbfpk `b Ydgpkx Ixjfge&Qd ld ikxljadñf lb }xbqbfpñ jej }bxqkfj nrljfj% ej Ekokpb,

xj}dj lb jtr`ñ j jljxej&

Bq jqì zrb bf ld yd`j }xkib,qdkfje% pjfpk `bq`b ej aeìfdaj}qdakeñodaj aklk `bq`b ej `k,abfadj rfdybxqdpjxdj% ld }xdf,ad}je khcbpdyk t qjpdqijaadñf njqd`k }xklkybx qr akfkadldbf,pk% qr xbq}bpk t qr jlkx% }xd,ydebodjf`k pk`k ek zrb }bxqk,

fjedsj&

Pjlhdäf joxj`bsak j ej yd`jej k}kxprfd`j` `b njhbx qd`kb`raj`k bf ej ib% }bxldpdäf`k,lb akl}xbf`bx zrb lêq jeeê

`be edldpj`k bfpbf`dldbfpknrljfk% b~dqpb rfj dedldpj`jybx`j`% dfjaabqdheb je lbxkdfqpxrlbfpk xjadkfje& Rf rfd,ybxqk `b xbejadkfbq t xbjed`j,

`bq qkx}xbf`bfpbq% artk akfk,adldbfpk qkek xbejpdydsj ek `bq,arhdbxpk .}kxzrb qr}bxjlkq}bxljfbfpblbfpb akfkad,ldbfpkq jfpbxdkxbq% ydyd`kq

kpxkxj aklk `bidfdpdykq b dfqr,

}bxjhebq$ t jnkf`j be ldqpbxd

t frbqpxj dofkxjfadj&

Bfpxb bqj ikxljadñf }bxqkfjbf ej ib t ld ikxljadñf }xkibqdkfje nrljfdqpj% nb ekoxj`akl}xbf`bx rf fb~k jqkadjpdyk}k`bxkqk zrb crqpdidaj ej xbej

adñf bfpxb ib t adbfadj&

]kxzrb fk qkf dfakl}jpdhebfd qb xbanjsjf lrprjlbfpb

Je akfpxjxdk% qb xbzrdbxbf xbaì

}xkajlbfpb&

Qd hdbf be `deblj ib ybxqradbfadj pdbfb ijfêpdakq `b jl

hkq ej`kq% bq ijeqk& Fk b~dqpb&

]kx qr }jxpb ej adbfadj dl}edajrf akfkadldbfpk lb`djpk `b ej

xbjed`j`& Ekq `bqarhxdldbfpkadbfpìidakq qkf be xbqrepj`k `b`dqarxxdx xjadkfje% be bqpjhebadldbfpk `b xb`bq ajrqjebq bfpxnbankq t qrabqkq& Lranjq ybabq be kxdobf `b bqkq `bqarhxdldbfpkq njf qd`k ejq karxxbfadjq `b ekq }xk}dkq dfybqpdoj`kxbq% xbqrepj`k `b ej khqbxyjadñf qdqpblêpdaj k jóf ajqrj

`b ej xbjed`j`& Kpxjq ybabq

qkf ej `bxdyjadñf `b `bqarhxdldbfpkq jfpbab`bfpbq zrb yjfadlbfpjf`k rf aj`j ybs lê}xkirf`k akfkadldbfpk `b ejxbjed`j`& @b pk`jq ljfbxjqqr aj}jad`j` dfpbx}xbpjpdyj

dfybqpdojpdyj pdbfb yjxdkq eìldpbq& ]kx rf ej`k% ej fjprxjebsj`b ej }xk}dj xbjed`j`% ej arjlranjq ybabq fk bq adbfpìidaj

lbfpb jhkx`jheb .}kx ek lbfkq

B@DPKXDJE Ib t adbfadj]kx Aejr`dk Ojxaìj ]dfpkq

ARBQPDKFJXDKNkt J`xdjfj Qkqj Pbxxj`jq.}êo& 1$

EKOKPBXJ]DJ BF AJFADKFBQ

Qkek qb pxjpj `b ydydx.}}&0,2$

J]XBF@DSJCB BF EJYBCBS .}}&9,?$

XBIEB^DKFBQ B^DQPBFADJEBQXBNRLJFDSJADKF @BEJ ]QDAKPBXJ]DJ3Ojfjf`k jeprxj& Be bfj,fk t be odojfpb .}}&>,:=$

]kqpIxjfge

QJER@ T BFIBXLB@J@@BQ@B BE LK@BEK @BYDGPKX IXJFGE .}}&::,:1$

QDF XBABPJXDK

HDHEDKPBXJ]DJ3 akl,}jxpdx ej b~}bxdbfadjydpje& .:£ }jxpb$.}êo& :2$

EKOKPBXJ]DJ YDFAREJX

EJ ]B@JOKODJ @BE QBFPD@K BF FDÚKQ TJ@KEBQABFPBQ.}}&:9 ‑ :?$

Ndqpkxdjq qbfpd`jq

Edhbxpj` t Xbq}kfqjhd,ed`j` j ej ers `b (Be XbtEbñf( .}}& :>,8=$

NDQPKXDJ @B EJ XDQJ&Be `bqarhxdldbfpk `b ej

Jfjf`jld`j .}}& 8:,81$

LJEPXJPK T YDKEBF,ADJ BF EJ YBCBS .8½$.}}& 80,1=$

AJXPJQ @BE @BQDBXPK

BE OXJF JXHKE .}}& 1:,18$

]BXIDEBQ% JLDOKQ TLJAJFJQ BF EJ _BH.}}& 11,10$

82‑ FKYDBLHXB 8=::

Ib t adbfadj B@DPKXDJE



akf ekq lb`dkq njqpj nkt akfkad`kq$7 bfkpxjq kajqdkfbq% be eìldpb ek }kfb ej }xk}djaj}jad`j` nrljfj .edldpj`j$& Eeboj`k j bqeìldpb% bf kajqdkfbq% fk njt lêq zrb jab}pjx k crqpdidajx j ej ib& Be xdbqok bq be }kqdpdydqlk% bfpbf`d`k aklk be nbank `b fk jab}pjx ek zrb fk bq akl}xkhjheb&

Ej ib% }kx qr ej`k% bq rf akfkadldbfpk dflb`djpk% rfj aj}pjadñf dfprdpdyj `b ej ybx`j`& Df`r`jheblbfpb% pjlhdäf pdbfb qreìldpbq% ekq arjebq bqpêf `j`kq% lranjq ybabq% }kx ejq }xk}djq akl}xkhjadkfbq adbfpìidajq& Arjf`k bfpdbf`k zrä bq bqj ers zrderldfj be adbek }xbqjodjf`k rfj pbl}bqpj`% tj fk }rb`k dfqdqpdx bf zrb qb pxjpj `

rf lbfqjcb `dydfk& Be xdbqok `be akfkadldbfpk }kx ej ib bq ajbx bf rfj bq}badb `ldqpdadqlk lêodak }kx ek arje fk jab}pk ezrb ybk &

Bq `badx% ej adbfadj bq rf akfkadldbfpk ajr

qje `b ej xbjed`j`% bf pjfpk zrb ej ib bq ejaj}pjadñf dflb`djpj `b ej ybx`j`& @bfpxk`b bqj ybx`j`% b~dqpb rfj xbjed`j` zrb }rb`b ‑ t `bhb ‑ qbx akfabhd`j xjadkfjelbfpaklk }jxj }k`bx j`ldfdqpxjxej t j}xkyb

anjxej bf ijykx `b ej }bxqkfj nrljfj& ]bxkbqj xbjed`j` `bhb qbx akl}xbf`d`j bf bljxak `b rfj ybx`j` zrb ej qr}bxj t zr

bq dfjaabqdheb }jxj ej xjsñf&

Ib t adbfadj pdbfbf rfj xbejadñf dffbojhebFd ej adbfadj `bhb qbx qbxyde akf ej ib% fd ej

ib qbfpdxqb jxxdfakfj`j }kx ej adbfadj& Qkfêlhdpkq `b `dibxbfpb fjprxjebsj t akl}eblbfpjxdkq& Rfk derldfj je kpxk bf ejq }xk

}djq kqarxd`j`bq&

]kx dfdadjpdyj `be Yjpdajfk% be 8=:8 nj qd``baejxj`k be ―Júk `b ej Ib“& Ej d`bj bq }xk

lkybx be xbqajpb `b axbbfadjq t yjekxbq zr}jxbabf }bx`d`kq }kx eb nklhxb `b nktAxbk zrb bq kajqdñf }jxj eebyjx be `bqjiì`b ej akfykajpkxdj pjlhdäf j ejq adbfadjq% txbakx`jx zrb arjf`k be }kqdpdydqlk `bq

nrljfdsj j ej }bxqkfj nrljfj% `bq`dydfdsj be adbek% t be `bqpdfk nrljfk% zrb bpxjqabf`bx qr }xk}dj b~dqpbfadj% qb yb yj

adj`k `b qbfpd`k&

]êodfj 8

EKOKXB@¤ bq rfj }rhedajadñf `dodpje

lbfqrje% `b qrqaxd}adñf oxjprdpj%

`b`daj`j j `dirf`dx fkyb`j`bq t

xbieb~dkfbq bf pkxfk j ej Ekokpbxj}dj

t be Jfêedqdq B~dqpbfadje&

@dxbapkx3 Aejr`dk Ojxaìj ]dfpkq

Qbaxbpjxdk ̀ b Xb`jaadñf3

Ib`bxdak Ojxaìj ]xbqb`k

Akejhkxj`kxbq3

Bfxdzrb J`óxds .Jxobfpdfj$

Jfjeìj Hktj`cdêf .Jxobfpdfj$

Ajxekq Ojxjhje .Jxobfpdfj$

Eraìj Ak}beek .Jxobfpdfj$

Bixäf Ljxpìfbs Kxpds .Akeklhdj$

Yìapkx Aêx`bfjq .Barj`kx$

Keoj Ebnljff .Akeklhdj$

Jebcjf`xk `b Hjxhdbxd .Rxrorjt$

Dedjfj Nbxfêf`bs Qdeybxj .Jxobfpdfj$

Ljxabek ]js .Jxobfpdfj$

Be akfpbfd`k `b ekq jxpìarekq t akerl,

fjq bq `b bfpbxj xbq}kfqjhded`j` `b

qrq jrpkxbq&

Be ljpbxdje akfpbfd`k bf bqpj }rhedaj,

adñf }rb`b qbx xb}xk`rad`k% }xbydj

jrpkxdsjadñf `b qr jrpkx t adpjf`k ej

irbfpb& ]kx ijykx% akfpjapjxqb akf ekq

jrpkxbq je ljde zrb idorxj bf aj`j

ajqk& Oxjadjq&

Ljde `b akfpjapk3

ekokxb`&jxoMoljde&akl



Hbxfjx` ]dykp% }bxdk`dqpj t axìpdak edpbxjxdkixjfaäq% }xbqbfpj`kx `b }xkoxjljq areprxjebq `bpbebydqdñf& }k}rejxdsñ rf bqzrblj `b bfpxbydqpjqpbebydqdyjq% b~pxjúk je xdplk njhdprje `be lb`dk&Qb pxjpjhj `b `dêekokq bf rf akfpb~pk `bqakf,pxjaprxj`k t bf ajelj% qdf j}rxkq fd bqpxd`bf,

adjq& Qr }xkoxjlj qb eejlñ ―Hkrdeekf `b Arepr, xb “& Ej hjqb `be ldqlk bxj rf ejxok arbqpdkfjxdkakf }xborfpjq hxbybq zrb njhdedpjhjf xbq}rbqpjq`b pk`k pd}k& Cjlbq Ed}pkf ndsk akfkad`j rfjybxqdñf jhxbydj`j `be arbqpdkfjxdk `b ]dykp% bf qr}xkoxjlj ―Pnb Japkxq Qpr`dk“ & Be arbqpdkfjxdk}bxldpb akfkabx j jeordbf bf jq}bapkq lbfkqrqrjebq&

EKOKXB@ j`j}pñ be arbqpdkfjxdk ]dykp,Ed}pkf% bdfydpj j ̀ dqpdfpjq }bxqkfjed`j`bq j xbq}kf`bxek&

Bf bqpj kajqdñf% ej bfpxbydqpj`j bq J`xdjfj QkqjPbxxj`jq .Jxobfpdfj$

:, »Arêe bq pr }jejhxj ijykxdpj; »]kxzrä; Ebjepj`% }kxzrb qr}kfb joxj`badldbfpk%

xbakfkadldbfpk `b ek zrb ekq kpxkq fkqnjf `j`k t pbfbx bf aejxk ekq yjekxbq qr,

}bxdkxbq&

8, »Arêe bq ej }jejhxj zrb lbfkq pb

orqpj; »]kx zrä;Ej ―zrbcj“ }kxzrb fk akfqpxrtb% bq df,aj}js `b ybx ejq akqjq hrbfjq `b ej yd`j t `b ekq kpxkq t eb bqajhreeb j ej xbq}kf,

qjhded`j` }xk}dj&

1& »Zrä bq ek zrb lêq pb ajrqj }ej,abx;

Ybx axbabx j ldq ndckq t zrbbfajxfbf ekq yjekxbq zrb

nblkq pxjpj`k `b ydydx bffrbqpxj ijldedj

0& »Zrä bq ek zrb pb `bq,joxj`j;

Ej obfpb zrb oxdpj }kxzrb jqìaxbb zrb }rb`b dl}kfbxqb qk,

hxb be kpxk t qbx `rbúk `b ej

ybx`j`&

2& »Arêe bq be qkfd`k k xrd`k zrb lêq}ejabx pb }xk`rab; »]kx zrä;

Lrankq }bxk qd prydbxj zrb bebodx rfk% be `

ej eerydj% qkhxb pk`k arjf`k bqpkt `bfpxk ``b ld ajqj*

9& »Arêe bq be qkfd`k k xrd`k zrb pb jhk,xxbab bqaranjx; »]kx zrä;

Ej obfpb `bqjidfj`j je ajfpjx% zrdsêq }kxzrb lb orqpj ajfpjx t lb njab lje j ekkì`kq bqaranjx obfpb zrb `bqjidfj t fk qb

`j arbfpj

?& »Arêe bq pr qrbúk }bf`dbfpb;

Fk pbfok qrbúkq }bf`dbfpbq% qì }xktbapkq}bxk ldq qrbúkq axbk njhbxekq arl}ed`k

pk`kq&

>& J}jxpb `b pr }xkibqdñf »zrä kpxj }xk,ibqdñf pb nrhdbqb orqpj`k bcbxabx;

Lranjq akqjq3 qbx ajfpjfpb k japxds% ekar

pkxj t }xkibqkxj `b dfoeäq& ]bxk qkf pk`kdfpbxbqbq% ld ybx`j`bxj ykajadñf bq qb

―}qdakpbxj}brpj“

4& »Zrä }xkibqdñf frfaj bcbxabxìjq;

Qbx }kedaìj k ldedpjx t xbq}bpjx rf

―khb`dbfadj `bhd`j“

:=& Qd pb bfakfpxjxjq

j @dkq bf ej }rbxpj`be Adbek »Zrä pb orqpj, xìj zrb @dkq pb `d, cbxj je eebojx;

Nkej ―ndcj“ pb bq}bxjhj}jxj akl}jxpdx ej yd`jybx`j`bxj }jxj qdbl

}xb&

]êodfj 1

Nkt3 J`xdjfj Qkqj Pbxxj`jq ARBQPDKFJXDK

J`xdjfj Qkqj Pbxxj`jq



Ejq }kbqìjq `b ejq ajfadkfbq }k}r,ejxbq pdbfbf be jxpb `b pxjfqikx,ljx ydybfadjq t blkadkfbq bfdlêobfbq }k`bxkqjq% zrb akf,

lrbybf ek }xkirf`k `b ej }bxqkfjnrljfj t ej eebyjf% dflb`djpjlbfpb tqdf xbqdqpbfadj% j erojxbq }xk}dkq `b ob,frdfj xbjed`j` b~dqpbfadje& Bqb zrb xb,ybxhbxj akf bqpj dljobf% bqb zrb qb lk,ydedsj akf bqj }kbqìj% bqb zrb qb blkadk,fj akf bqpj lóqdaj% bqb qkt obfrdfj, lbfpb tk &

@be xdzrìqdlk jabxhk }k}rejx% xbqajpknkt rfj ajfadñf blheblêpdaj }jxj ejobfbxjadñf }dkfbxj `be xkag fjadkfje jx,

obfpdfk% zrb qb nj akfybxpd`k bf }jpxd,lkfdk areprxje `b lranjq obfbxjadkfbq}kqpbxdkxbq t `be xkag bf bq}júke% bqaxdpj}kx be fk lbfkq blheblêpdak Edppk Fbh,hdj& Qr fklhxb tj bq qrobqpdyk t rfjdfydpjadñf }xkirf`j j rfj yd`j jrpäfpd,

aj3 ―Qkek qb pxjpj `b ydydx“

@dabf zrb ydjcjf`k% qb ikxpjebab be ak, xjsñf+ }rbq jf`jx frbykq ajldfkq

pb njab keyd`jx be jfpbxdkx%+kcjeê zrb bqk }xkfpk qrab`j+ jqì }k`xê `bqajf, qjx ld }bfj+ njqpj ej }xñ~dlj ybs&+

Kcjeê zrb bqk }xkfpk qrab`j+ jqì }k`xê `bqajfqjx ld }bfj+

njqpj ej }xñ~dlj ybs&

Ej akf`dadñf `be b~dqpbfpb bq ej `be }bxb,oxdfk% jzrbe zrb yj xbakxxdbf`k `dibxbf,pbq ajldfkq bf }xkarxj `be erojx qjoxj,

`k& Fk qb pxjpj `b rf ajldfk xbapk% qdfkzrb }rb`b ljfdibqpjx arxyjq t zrbhxj,`jq7 fk qb pxjpj `b rf qkek ajldfk% qdfkzrb njt pjfpkq% aklk }jqkq }rb`jf `jx,qb bf rfj r kpxj `dxbaadñf& Yjxdkq ajld,fkq% pk`kq ekq ajldfkq }rb`bf eebyjxfkqj `bqpdfk% j akf`dadñf `b fk }bx`bx `bydqpj `ñf`b zrbxblkq eebojx& T qd rfk `bbeekq fk fkq jabxaj% }k`xblkq dfpbfpjxkpxkq frbykq% }kxzrb qdbl}xb njhxê je,orfk zrb `bqajfqb frbqpxj jfqdb`j` `b

}bxboxdfk }kx eebojx&

T jqì bfarbfpxjq rfj }jeklj nbxd`j+ zrb pb arbfpj qr }kbqìj `b njhbx

jlj`k t zrbhxjfpj`k kpxj derqdñf&+ Qborxk zrb je xjpk bqpjxê ykejf`k+

dfybfpjf`k kpxj bq}bxjfsj+ }jxj ykeybxj ydydx&+Qborxk zrb je xjpk bqpjxê ykejf

`k+ dfybfpjf`k kpxj bq}bxjfsj+ }jxj ykeybx j ydydx&

Bf bqb jf`jx% fkq yjlkq axrsjf`k akfkpxkq b~dqpbfpbq zrb fkq yjf `jf`k pbqpdlkfdk `b qrq }xk}dkq }bxboxdfjcbq& Kpxk

}bxboxdfkq zrb% jljf`k t qrixdbf`k% derqdkfjf`k t `bqderqdkfêf`kqb% fkq yjf `bqarhxdbf`k ej aejyb `be ajldfk3 ej }kbqìj `bnjhbx jlj`k t zrbhxjfpj`k kpxj derqdñfEkq oxdbokq qb xbibxìjf j ej yd`j nrljfj

aklk rfj }xbqbfadj }käpdaj bf be akqlkq}kxzrb ej }bxqkfj nrljfj% }kx qr }xk}dj}xbqbfadj% xb`dlb ej fjprxjebsj `b ejq akqjq& Ebq kpkxoj `dofd`j`& Jqì% ej k}kxprfd`j` bfpxjújheb zrb fkq kixbab ej yd`j% bq ej`b njabx `b frbqpxj ndqpkxdj% `b frbqpxj

b~dqpbfadj% frbqpxj }kbqìj&

Axbk zrb fj`db }rb`b `jx rfj xbq}rbq,pj%+fd `badx zrä }rbxpj njt zrb pkajx+ axbk zrb j }bqjx `b pjfpj lbejfakeìj+

pjfpj }bfj t pjfpj nbxd`j%+ qkek qb pxjpj `b ydydx

Fdfoóf }bxboxdfk }rb`b j`ldpdx zrb je

ordbf eb df`dzrb be ajldfk j qbordx% }kxzr}bx`bxìj qr akf`dadñf `b pje& ]bxboxdfjx bqrf jxpb% fk bq pjf qkek ajldfjx k arl}edrf dpdfbxjxdk .ek zrb ek pxjfqikxljxìj bf rfajldfjfpb k bf rf dpdfbxjfpb$% }kxzrb aj`j}bxboxdfk% jóf eebojf`k je ldqlk `bqpdfkobkoxêidak% yj hrqajf`k t yj bfakfpxjf`kjzrbeek zrb qkek äe hrqaj t bfarbfpxj& T bf

bqj `dfêldaj qb axrsjxê akf }bfjq t nbxd`jq% `bqyìkq t `bqbfarbfpxkq& ]bxk bqk bq

}jxpb `b ej ndqpkxdj% bq pjlhdäf }jxpb `b

]êodfj 0

EKOKPBXJ]DJ BF AJFADKFBQ

Qkek qb pxjpj `b ydydx Aejr`dk Ojxaìj ]dfpkq



]êodfj 2

ajldfk&

Bf ld jeljfjzrb njt rfj ibanj yjaìj+ bq ej `be `ìj

zrb `dcdqpb%+zrb pbfdjq zrb }jxpdx%+ `bhbq jf`jx }kx frbykq ajldfkq%+ }jxj `bqajfqjx ej }bfj+ njqpj ej

}xñ~dlj ybs&+ Qborxk zrb je xjpk bq, pjxêq jljf`k+ dfybfpjf`k kpxj bq}b,

xjfsj%+ }jxj ykeybx j ydydx&

Jqì% njadbf`k frbqpxk }xk}dk ajldfk jeajldfjx% yjlkq xbqkeydbf`k frbqpxj }xk,}dj b~dqpbfadj& Be }bxboxdfk akfqpxrtb

rfj b~dqpbfadj jrpäfpdaj% bf ej arje fkbqpê b~bfpk `b nbxd`jq% }bfjq% `bqbf,arbfpxkq% xbqrbepkq bf rfj bq}bxjfsjxbdfybfpj`j j aj`j }jqk% }jxj ykeybx jydydx% t jqì% eebojx j `bqpdfk% ek qjoxj`k3be arl}edldbfpk `b qr `bhbx,qbx% qbx bezrb `bhb,qbx t fk kpxk& Ej yd`j fkqjxxkcj j ej b~dqpbfadj t fkq }xk}kfb ejpxjybqìj& Bf be jeljfjzrb `b ej yd`j%njt rfj ibanj yjaìj% bq ej `be `ìj `bfrbqpxk fjadldbfpk& T j }jxpdx `b bqj ib,anj% akf nbxd`jq t }bfjq% akf jlkxbq toekxdjq% yjlkq dfybfpjf`k t xbdfybfpjf,`k frbyjq bq}bxjfsjq% jf`jf`k frbqpxk

ajldfk% }kxzrb qkek qb pxjpj `b ydydx &

Xbakldbf`k ej ybxqdñf `be pjebfpkqk Xrhäf

Xj`j `be pblj `b Edpk Fbhdj% zrb }rb`bf

`dqixrpjx bf

npp}3++tkrpr&hb+SfYjDT`ky_T;n`<:

Ej Qkadb`j ̀}jxj be Jyjfab `b ej ]qdakpbxj, }dj Abfpxj`j bf be Qbfpd̀ k .QJ]Q$% dfydpj je DDD Akfoxbqk Akeklhdjfk `b Ekokpbxj}dj t Jfêedqdq B~dqpbfadje ― Bfarbfpxkq akf be Qbfpd`k `b ej Yd`j3 J}edajadkfbq njadj be Qbfpd`k “% j xbjed,

sjxqb be : t 8 `b crfdk `be 8=:8% akf }xbqpdodkqkq Ekokpbxj}brpjq akeklhdjfkq b dfpbxfjadkfjebq zrb b~}kf`xêf ekq jyjfabq lêq xbadbfpbq bf bqpj êxbj `be qjhbx% abfpxjf`k qrq j}kxpbq bf rfj ek, okpbxj}dj ckybf b dffkyj`kxj% zrb lrbqpxj xbqre, pj`kq t j}edaêf`kqb j ej xbjed̀ j %̀ qdf `bqard̀ jx ej }xkirf d̀̀ j ̀ pbñxdaj t ej ndqpkxdj `b rfj }bxq, }bapdyj `b }bfqjldbfpk zrb ì̀j j ì̀j eebfj ej yd, `j `b qbfpd̀ k&

Ekq pbljq ̀ be akfoxbqk3

Ekokpbxj}dj Aeìfdaj

Ekokpbxj}dj Kxojfdsjadkfje

Ekokpbxj}dj B`rajpdyj

Ekokpbxj}dj Qkadje t Aklrfdpjxdj

Ekokpbxj}dj ]xbybfpdyj

Ekokpbxj}dj t Qbfpd̀ k `b Yd̀ j

Dfybqpdojadñf bf Ekokpbxj}dj

]jxj }jxpdad}jx `be akfoxbqk }xbqbfpjf`k pxjhj, ckq% }kx ijykx akfqrepjx akf d̀adkfbq% ibanj `b

}xbqbfpjadñf t xbzrdqdpkq bf

www&qj}q,ake&kxo

k ̀ dxdodxqb j akfoxbqkMqj}q,ake&kxo

EKOKXB@ j`ndbxb je bybfpk b dfikxljxê xbor,ejxlbfpb qkhxb fkyb`j`bq bf xbibxbfadj je ldq,

lk&

mailto:http://youtu.be/ZnVaIYdovWY?hd=1





ydbckq% jóf `djxdjlbfpb ej bfixbfpjf `bq`b qrxkebq }xkibqdkfjebq `b lä`dak% }qdak}b`jokok}qdañekok% pxjhjcj`kx qkadje% bfibxlbxk% k aklkndck% aklk akeboj% aklk qkadk% aklk ybadfk% kaklk rf }jxpdad}jfpb jfñfdlk `b ejq lrepdpr

`bq zrb adxarejf }kx frbqpxjq oxjf`bq adr`j`bq& .Qjeyjxbssj% :4>>$

Hrqajf`k akfpxdhrdx j rfj b`rajadñf zrb dfpboxb ej xbejadñf bfpxb `bqjxxkeek `b }kpbfadjed`j`bq t akfpxdhrdx j rfj fbabqd`j` }b`joñodajidekqñidaj% }qdakeñodaj t qkadje% }bxldpb dfakx}kxjx be j}xbf`dsjcb bf ej ybcbs& Be j}xbf`dsjcb qbnj akfqd`bxj`k aklk rf beblbfpk bqbfadje bfbe `bqjxxkeek nrljfk% }jxj ej j`zrdqdadñf `bfrbyjq ikxljq `b akl}kxpjldbfpk t japrjadñ t bq `b dfpbxäq b`rajpdyk% aeìfdak t qkadje&

Be @x& Erdq Ibed}b Nbxxbxj }ejfpbj zrb dfaerqk`bhb ybxqb ydfarej`k akf be }kpbfadje qjerpkoäfdak `be df`dyd`rk% bq `badx akf be }kpbfadje }jxj lkydedsjx qrq irbxsjq bf jxjq `b ekoxjx ejqjer`&

@bq`b be }rfpk `b ydqpj qkadje ejq dfybqpdojadkfbq qkhxb be j}xbf`dsjcb qb njf akfqd`bxj`kyjedkqjq }jxj akl}xbf`bx ajlhdkq `b japdpr`bbf ejq }bxqkfjq t arbqpdkfbq xbejadkfj`jq akfej xborejadñf `b ej akf`rapj nrljfj% ej jab}pjadñf% be xbanjsk% ejq }xbibxbfadjq% bpa&

Qpnbibf H& Gebdf% }xkibqkx `b ej Rfdybxqd`j` `bLdqqdqqd}}d .:442$ }ejfpbñ3 (be j}xbf`dsjcb brf ajlhdk xbejpdyjlbfpb }bxljfbfpb `b ejakf`rapj `bhd`k j ej b~}bxdbfadj zrb fk }rb`b~}edajxqb }kx rf bqpj`k pxjfqdpkxdk `be kxojfdqlk% }kx ej lj`rxjadñf k }kx pbf`bfadjq `xbq}rbqpjq dffjpjq&(

Qanrfg `bidfb be j}xbf`dsjcb aklk be ajlhdk}bx`rxjheb bf ej akf`rapj k bf ej aj}jad`j` `bakf`radxqb `b rfj ljfbxj `j`j% aklk xbqrepj

`k `b ej }xêapdaj k `b kpxjq ikxljq `b b~}bxdbfadj& Bf bqpb qbfpd`k j}xbf`bx qdofdidaj ej j`zrdqdadñf `b akfkadldbfpkq% njhded`j`bq% bqpxjpbodjq% axbbfadjq% japdpr`bq t akf`rapjq&

Bfpkfabq% }kx j}xbf`dsjcb qb bfpdbf`b be }xkabqk `b akfqpxraadñf% ikxljadñf% `bqjxxkeek takfqked`jadñf `b akfkadldbfpkq% fb~kq jibapdykq% yjekxbq% d`bjebq t fkxljq qkadjebq& .E&INbxxbxj% 8==:$

Be j}xbf`dsjcb }jxj qbx bidadbfpb `bhb qbx japd

yk% }bxqkfjedsj`k% pbfbx bf arbfpj be dfpbxäq `b

]êodfj 9

J]XBF@DSJCB BF EJ YBCBSXbieb~dkfbq qkhxb be bfybcbabx t j}xbf`bx aklk }kqdhded`j` }jxj…

Bfybcbabx fk bq bqpjx bfibxlk& Ej ybcbs bq rf }bxìk`k zrb b~dob bqirbxskq j`j}pjpdykq bq}b, adjebq qkhxb ej hjqb `b ekq ajlhdkq zrb qb b~, }bxdlbfpjf pjfpk `bfpxk aklk jexb`b`kx `be jfadjfk& Bf be kx`bf iìqdak3 ej j}jxdbfadj% be

xkqpxk% ej pbxqrxj `b ej }dbe % be akekx t ej ajfpd, `j` `b ekq ajhbeekq% ej ydqpj% be kì`k % ej irbxsj lrqarejx% ej joded`j` t ej ydpjed`j` `baxbabf bf bqpj bpj}j & .Yje`äq% Ldbx% :44?$

Lêq jóf% ej jrqbfadj `b bqpxjpbodjqzrb dfpboxjf j ej qkadb`j` bf rf}xktbapk aklóf }jxj pk`jq ejq b`j,`bq `b ej yd`j% fk ijykxbab ej akfpd,

frd`j` `be rf }xktbapk `b yd`j& Bq ej ijepj `brf bq}jadk }xk}dk% ej dfbqpjhded`j` bf pk`kqekq fdybebq t `dlbfqdkfbq&

Qboóf ej Kxojfdsjadñf Lrf`dje `b ej Qjer`.KLQ% :444$3 (Bf frbqpxk lrf`k eebfk `b `d,ybxqd`j` t akfqpjfpb ajlhdk% be bfybcbadldbf,pk bq rfj `b ejq }kajq ajxjapbxìqpdajq zrb fkq`bidfbf t fkq rfdidajf j pk`kq& Bqpjlkq bfyb, cbadbf`k t bqpk `bhb abebhxjxqb& Qb pbfoj 82 ñ92 júkq% := ñ 8=% dorjelbfpb bqpjlkq bfybcb,adbf`k(& Bfpkfabq bf frbqpxk jf`jx akpd`djfk%akf xjsñf Xjlñf t Ajcje njf bqaxdpk zrb ekzrb `bhb }xbkar}jxfkq fk qkf ejq jxxrojq `bexkqpxk qdfk ejq `be abxbhxk t júj`b (qb njhej

`b bfybcbabx arjf`k qb }dbx`b ej arxdkqd`j`dfpbebaprje t arjf`k crfpk j ej pkx}bsj `b ejq}dbxfjq qb j`ydbxpb ej pkx}bsj `b ej }jejhxj t`be }bfqjldbfpk(&

Hêqdajlbfpb% qd ldxjlkq j frbqpxk jexb`b`kxpk`k bq }bfqj`k qdf dfaerdx j ej ybcbs% fkq ije,pj lrank pk`jyìj }jxj bfpbf`bx zrb qkf bejtbx% be }xbqbfpb t be nkt% }bxk }kx qkhxb pk`kbe irprxk% frbqpxj pxj`dadñf zrb }bx`rxj bf bepdbl}k& Fkq ijepj ikxljxfkq bf rfj xbejadñf`dibxbfpb% dfaerqdyj bf ej qkadb`j`% rf erojx

`b `bqbfykeydldbfpk t `b lj`rxjadñf% `kf`bqb dfqbxpb j pk`k nklhxb zrb akfpbl}eb dorje,lbfpb j pk`kq aklk }kqdhded`j`&

Ejq bqpxjpbodjq t jaadkfbq hjqj`jq bf be `bqj,xxkeek `be qbx nrljfk% ljfpdbfbf ejq k}kxpr,fd`j`bq xbjebq `b xbq}kfqjhded`j`% dfaerqdñf tajed`j` `b yd`j% ldbfpxjq akfpbl}eblkq rfj}xklkadñf `b qjer` ijapdheb bf obxkfpkekoìj&

Ebk}ke`k Qjeyjxbssj% je `bqaxdhdx bqpj bpj}j `bej yd`j b~}xbqj zrb3 (Ej ybcbs bq rf pblj akf,iedapdyk% fk qñek }jxj be zrb ej ydyb bf qì ldq,

http://www.monografias.com/trabajos16/comportamiento-humano/comportamiento-humano.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos/conducta/conducta.shtml




http://www.monografias.com/trabajos35/materiales-construccion/materiales-construccion.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos14/nuevmicro/nuevmicro.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos4/leyes/leyes.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos10/protoco/protoco.shtml#CINCO


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos5/colarq/colarq.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos7/senti/senti.shtml#oi


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos12/eleynewt/eleynewt.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos2/mercambiario/mercambiario.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos11/memoram/memoram.shtml

http://www.monografias.com/trabajos13/acerca/acerca.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos14/genesispensamto/genesispensamto.shtml




http://www.monografias.com/trabajos11/memoram/memoram.shtml














b~}bxdbfadj ófdaj `b `dêekok axbj`kx% `b }jxpdad}jadñf xbje bf ejq `badqdkfbq `b qr yd`j% aklkqr }xktbapk }bxqkfje& Qborxjlbfpb zrb bqpjakfab}adñf bq j}edajheb bf pk`jq ejq b`j`bq `bej yd`j% }kx beek `bhb qbx j}edaj`k `rxjfpb pk`j

ej yd`j&

Ijykxbabx be njabx `bq`b be Qbx% qbxìj }jxj lydjhdedsjx be Qbx bf }ebfdpr`% bf frbqpxk jaadkfjx bfajldfjx t `dxdodx njadj be bfarbfpxk akfek yjedkqk `b ej yd`j% rfj ydybfadj }xk}dj `bqbfpd`k&

@xj @d`bq Dedjfj Nbxfêf`bs Qdeybxj

Xbibxbfadjq

Jfpkfdfd% Ixjfqbqak L&3 (Ej eranj akfpxj be bfybcbadldbfpk%( Xbydqpj Qjer` Lrf`dje % `b ej Kxojfdsjadñf Lrf`dje `b ej Qjer`% jhxde% :4?8

Ixjfge% Ydgpkx B&3 ―]qdakpbxj}dj t b~dqpbfqdjedqlk“ B`dpkxdje Nbx`bx% Hjxabekfj% 8==:&

Qjeyjxbssj% Ebk}ke`k3 ]qdakobxdjpxìj& Pbkxìj taeìfdaj % B`dpkxdje ]jd`ñq% Hrbfkq Jdxbq% :4>>

j}xbf`dbfpb bf rfj bqpxjpbodj `b bfarbfpxk t akf`rapkxj7 akf xbpkxfk `b ek j}xbf`d`krf d`j t yrbepj }bxlbjheb& Fk dfpbxbqj zrbbe b`rajf`k j}xbf`j lêq% qdfk zrb j jqkadbej dfikxljadñf xbebyjfpb% xbieb~dkfb qkhxb

`danj dfikxljadñf% }jxj erbok japrjx bf lk,pdyj`j t `bidfd`jlbfpb `bq`b qr }xktbapk}bxqkfje& Ej }bxqkfjedsjadñf `be j}xbf`dsjcbjqborxj zrb be b`rajf`k j}xbf`j rf akfk,adldbfpk frbyk `b ljfbxj }bxqkfje t fk dl,}rbqpj% bf rf aedlj jibapdyk zrb ijykxbsaj bej}xbf`dsjcb t be xbarbx`k `be ldqlk&

]kx ek zrb bf be }xkabqk `b j}xbf`dsjcb xb,zrbxdxìj `b3

, j}xbf`dsjcb bidajs akf rfj xbq}rbqpj jrfj fbabqd`j` zrb pdbfb be zrb j}xbf`b&

, }jxpdad}jadñf }kx }jxpb `be zrb j}xbf`b bqdf`dq}bfqjheb }jxj zrb b~dqpj j}xbf`dsjcb%obfbxjf`k rf bq}jadk `b dfpbxajlhdk akfpd,frk&

, j}xbf`dsjcb ijadedpj`k }kx be qdofdidaj`k `bek zrb qb j}xbf`b% aklk k}kxprfd`j` `b `b,qjxxkeek&

Bf bqpb qbfpd`k% be j}xbf`dsjcb bqpjxìj `j`k}jxj3 dfqpjejx rfj dfpbx}xbpjadñf b`rajpdyjqrqpbfpj`j bf rfj akfab}adñf `b }bxqkfj

zrb j}xbf`b% akf }kqdhded`j`bq t }kpbfadjed,`j`bq dfb~}ekxj`jq% `rxjfpb pk`j qr yd`j&

Bfpkfabq% be bq}jadk `b k}kxprfd`j`bq bqrfj akfab}adñf hjqj`j bf rfj pxjqikxlj,adñf }bxqkfje& Bqpj bq rfj }xk}rbqpj `b}xklkadñf `b qjer`% `b axbadldbfpk }bxqk,fje dfqpjej`k bf be xbakfkadldbfpk `b ej yb, cbs `bq`b be }kpbfadje% hjqj`k bf be xbq}bpk}kx be qbfpd`k `b ej yd`j% ej jidxljadñf `b ej`dofd`j` `b ej }bxqkfj% qdf edldpjxek }kx qrb`j` axkfkeñodaj&

Jqì% arjf`k njhejlkq `b `bqjxxkeek `bej}xbf`dsjcb bf ej ybcbs% bq rf bq}jadk `dib,xbfpb zrb akfqpdprtb ej xbqdofdidajadñf `bexke% bf ej qkadb`j`% ojxjfpdsjf`k rfj }jxpd,ad}jadñf pkpje t japdyj jóf bf abxajfìjq `bqr crhdejadñf& Bqpk dl}edaj rf akfkadldbfpkhdk,}qdak,qkadk,bq}dxdprje% zrb dfaertbf ekqajlhdkq zrb karxxbf bf bqpb adaek `b ej yd,`j&

]kx beek% bcbxabx rf }xkoxjlj b`rajpdyk% qbx,ìj hxdf`jx k}kxprfd`j`bq `b xb,bfpxbfjldbfpk% bqpdlrejadñf `b êxbjq frb,yjq% jqì aklk ej }kqdhded`j` `b njabx rfj

]êodfj ?

]kx @d`bq Dedjfj NBXFÊF@BS QDEYBXJ

http://www.monografias.com/trabajos6/napro/napro.shtml



http://www.monografias.com/Salud/index.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos11/fuper/fuper.shtml


http://www.monografias.com/trabajos/clima/clima.shtml









Tj irb `dank bf ejq 8 akerlfjqjfpbxdkxbq zrb bqpkq pb~pkq ikx,ljf }jxpb `b ejq xbieb~dkfbq zrblb qrqadpñ rfj akfibxbfadj `be

@x& Ixjfge% `j`j jzrì bf Hrbfkq Jdxbqbf :4>2% t zrb tj pryb kajqdñf `b `bq,

jxxkeejx bf be edhxk zrb akkx`dfñ be @x&Aejr`dk Ojxaìj ]dfpkq% ―Ixjfge aklbf, pj`k“ % b`dpj`k bf ej akebaadñf Fkbqdq

.84$ `b ej B`dpkxdje Qjf ]jhek bf be }jqj,

`k jhxde&

Ej akfibxbfadj `b ljxxjq qb pdpreñ―Xbnrljfdsjadñf `b ej }qdakpbxj}dj“%j ej qjsñf% ej óepdlj `b rfj qbxdb zrb`dapñ bf ej Ijarepj` `b Lb`dadfj `b ej

RHJ% t zrb qb abfpxñ bq}badjelbfpb bfbe qk}kxpb jfpxk}keñodak `b ej Ekokpbxj,

}dj3 ej edhbxpj` `b ej ykerfpj`&

Jidxljlkq k}kxprfjlbfpb zrb `bq`bbqpb qk}kxpb bf ej edhbxpj` xbq}kfqjhebqb }rb`b pxjfqdpjx be ajldfk `b xb,nrljfdsjx rfj }qdakpbxj}dj% qdbl}xb bfxdbqok `b qbx bl}khxbad`j }kx xb`raadk,fdqlkq `dybxqkq t }kx be }jf`bpbxldfdq,

lk&

Pjebq k}adkfbq% pjfpk `bqnrljfdsjx ak,lk xbnrljfdsjx ej }qdakpbxj}dj% ejq xb,iebcjlkq bf ekq xbq}bapdykq ajldfkq :&

―`be bqakx}dñf“ t 8& ―`b Ydgpkx Ixjfge“zrb xbakxxdlkq k}kxprfjlbfpb bf ejqbfpxbojq `b Ekokxb` `b Qb}pdblhxb t Ka,

prhxb&

Idfjelbfpb eebojlkq j frbqpxj pbxabxj tóepdlj bpj}j% akf rfj }xborfpj }bf,

`dbfpb »zrä ndsk Ixjfge }jxj xbakxxbx

―qr ajldfk“% bq `badx% zrä ndsk }kqdhebzrb }r`dbxj }jqjx `b rfj jfpxk}kekoìjbl}khxbab`kxj j rfj }ebfjlbfpbnrljfj% t jqì akfaerdx bf ej akfqb,arbfpb xbnrljfdsjadñf `b ej }qdakpb,xj}dj;

Be pkfk akekzrdje `b ej akfibxbfadj zrbfkq kar}j% dfydpj j xbq}kf`bx j }jxpdx`b rfj lrt akfkad`j b~}xbqdñf `bIxjfge xbq}bapk `b qr }kqdadkfjldbfpk

bf xbejadñf j ej lkfrlbfpje idorxj `b

Qdolrf` Ixbr`&

Qr}k `badx zrb äe .Y&I&$ bxj ―rf bfjfk qrhd`k j ekq nklhxkq `b rf odojfpb…“ % xdzrìqdlj dljobf zrb `j arbfpj% }kx ek }xkf

pk `be xbakfkadldbfpk j Ixbr` .zrb xb}dpbf bqpj akfibxbfadj je `dibxbfadjxek `b ―ekixbr`djfkq“% njhdprjelbfpb xbfrbfpbq j

jab}pjx ejq edldpjadkfbq `b qr läpk`k$ tpjlhdäf `b zrb ej aejyb bqpê bf ej jeprxjzrb qb pbfoj }jxj }k`bx ybx lêq ebckq&

Jfpb pk`k qb j`ldpb t qb dfpboxj be qk}kxp}ebfk t ajhje `b pk`k be kxojfdqlk }qdakiìqdak% bfpxjlj`k bf qrq lóepd}ebq akf`dadk

fjldbfpkq hdkeñodakq% }qdakeñodakq t qkadjebq t `b ekq zrb `dk arbfpj t irb }dkfbxQdolrf` Ixbr`% }bxk qdf jeajfsjx j ybx ebqbfadjelbfpb nrljfk `b qr khcbpk `b bq

pr`dk&

Ijepjhj rfj ]qdakekoìj `b Jeprxj% zrb }r`dbxj ybx lêq ebckq bf `dqpjfadj t nkf`rxb dfpboxjx j qr akfab}adñf jfpxk}keñodaj ej`dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje `be qbx nrljfk% }jx`dqpdfordx ek lêq nrljfk `be ldqlk t xbar}bxjxek bf qr akf`dadñf `b qrcbpk edhxb t

xbq}kfqjheb% kxdbfpj`k njadj rf qbfpd`k&

@bq`b bqpj }bxq}bapdyj lêq jepj `bydbffjprxjelbfpb rfj }qdakpbxj}dj lêqnrljfj% }rbq j}bej }bxljfbfpblbfpb j

bqpj `dlbfqdñf&

Jqì ek ndsk Ixjfge akf ekq }xdqdkfbxkq `

Qjf Zrdfpìf% j zrdbfbq }xdlbxk ebq xbakx`qr edhbxpj` }jxj aklbpbx rf axdlbf% }bxkpjlhdäf dflb`djpjlbfpb ekq j}beñ j ej xbq}kfqjhded`j` `b bebyjxqb qkhxb beekq ldqlkq .frbyjlbfpb% xbj}jxbab ej idorxj `b

―bebyjxqb qkhxb…“ $&

]bxk qd }bfqjlkq bf ej xbnrljfdsjadñf `ej }qdakpbxj}dj aklbpbxìjlkq rfj dfcrqpdadj qd fk lbfadkfêxjlkq% je lbfkq `b }jqj`j% j zrdbfbq jfpb pk`k ej nrljfdsjxkf tirb fjprxjelbfpb ej ]qdakekoìj Nrljfdqpj

―be hrzrb dfqdofdj“ `b bqpb `bxxkpbxk&

J ekq Ljqekw% Ixkll t Nkxfbt .:$% }kx qñeadpjx j jeorfkq lrt xb}xbqbfpjpdykq% pjlhdäf }k`xìjlkq rhdajxekq bf ekq nklhxk

]êodfj >

XBIEB^DKFBQ B^DQPBFADJEBQ ]kx Bfxdzrb J`óxdsXbnrljfdsjadñf `b ej ]qdakpbxj}dj3 1& Ojfjf`k jeprxj& Be bfjfk t be odojfpb



`be odojfpb% }rbq je jabfprjx ajxjapbxìq,pdajq pjf `dqpdfpdyjq `b ek nrljfk aklkqr rfd`j` t qdforejxd`j`% qr akf`dadñf`djekoje b dfpbfadkfje% bf rf qrcbpkakfqadbfpb t edhxb% xbar}bxjxkf rfjnrljfd`j` lrt `dqldfrd`j bf ekq xbieb, ckq akf`dadkfj`kq `be Akf`rapdqlk t bfbe `bpbxldfdqlk dfqpdfpdyk `be ]qdakjfê,

edqdq&

Qdf blhjxok% j bqpj nrljfd`j` xbar}b,xj`j }kx be Nrljfdqlk jlbxdajfk ebar}k rf }jqk lêq% ej bq}dxdprjed`j` xb,ar}bxj`j }kx Ydgpkx Ixjfge% dfpboxjf`kbf qr akfab}adñf `be nklhxb rfj `d,lbfqdñf bq}dxdprje zrb fk bfibxlj% `kf,

`b qb dfqaxdhb qr lêq `dqpdfpdyj edhbxpj`xbq}kfqjheb t qr }xkirf`j hóqzrb`j `b

qbfpd`k&

Jqì% nrljfdsj jóf lêq qr jfpxk}kekoìj%xb,nrljfdsj }kx bf`b ej }qdakpbxj}djzrb eb qdorb% t frfaj lbckx j}edaj`k bepäxldfk }jxj be ekokpbxj}brpj zrb fkqh x d f ` j b f b q p j a k f i b x b f a d j 3―ajpjedsj`kx“ % }rbq bibapdyjlbfpb bqaj}js `b }xkykajx ajlhdkq% ―kxdodfjx

jyjejfanjq“% je j}bejx% crqpjlbfpb% j eklêq }xk}dk t ybx`j`bxk `be qbx nrljfk%

j qr lêq ajhje t bqbfadje nrljfd`j`&

Bq lrt dl}xkhjheb zrb ej j}bejadñf j

akl}ebckq b`ì}dakq% `b ajqpxjadñf k `bdfibxdkxd`j` }rb`j qrqadpjx xbjaadkfbqqblbcjfpbq t lrank lbfkq karxxdx irb,xj `b êlhdpkq zrb fk bqpäf lrt jakf`d,

adkfj`kq }jxj ej }qdakpbxj}dj&

]kx be akfpxjxdk% bqpj j}bejadñf t lkyded,

sjadñf j ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje }rb`bkarxxdx `b ekq lk`kq t bf ejq adxarfq,

pjfadjq lêq dfqñedpjq b dfybxkqìldebq% pjeaklk ek akfidxljf ekq yjxdkq bcbl}ekqzrb fkq akl}jxpb be @x& Ixjfge bf qrakfibxbfadj3 j pxjyäq `b rf edhxk% ej jek,aradñf bf ej aêxabe% k be dfpbxxkojpkxdk

ªbf ej kidadfj `b ej Obqpj}k*

Bqpj }qdakpbxj}dj xbnrljfdsj`j% aj}jsj ej ybs `b dl}xkydqjx b df`dyd`rjedsjx tzrb bf jhqkerpk `bqbqpdlj be rqk `b

päafdajq }xk}djlbfpb `danjq .ej `bxxbieb~dñf t ej dfpbfadñf }jxj`ñcdaj jzrì xbibxd`jq% }bxk pjlhdäf }k`xìjlkq joxbojx bldqlk `dêekok qkaxêpdak k ej lk`rejadñf `japdpr`bq `b Bedqjhbpn Ergjq$% yb bf bnklhxb% jfpbq zrb fdforfj kpxj akqj% rfhrqaj`kx `b qbfpd`k ek arje eb }bxldpb xbjed

sjx% bf ld lk`bqpj k}dfdñf% be j}kxpb lêxbykeradkfjxdk t qdofdidajpdyk je zrbnjab

}qdakpbxj}ärpdak&

Zrb jóf bf be qrixdldbfpk dfbydpjheb% k jfpb ej pxjob`dj dxxblb`djheb% qb }rb`j hrqaj t ªbfakfpxjx* .fk dfybfpjx$ rf qbfpd`k pxjyäq `be `bqjxxkeek `b ekq yjekxbq `b japdpr`% bq rf ybx`j`bxk ajlhdk `b }jxj`dolj

t njhdedpj akf nrljfj }kpbfadj }jxj jqdqpdj frbqpxk nklhxb `kedbfpb jóf bf ejq adx

arfqpjfadjq lêq }bfkqjq&

Fd ej klfd}kpbfadj `be ―qb ek }rb`b pk`kqdbl}xb“ .ªarjfpjq ybabq fkq j`ydbxpIxjfge zrb ej Ekokpbxj}dj fk bq ej }jfjabj*$ fd pjl}kak ej dl}kpbfadj `be ―fk q}rb`b njabx fj`j“ .zrb ej }qdakpbxj}dj `bhb arxjx% t qd fk }rb`b% je lbfkq `bhjakl}jújx% bq rfk `b ekq dl}bxjpdykq hêqd

akq `b ej ejhkx `be ekokpbxj}brpj$ .8$&Be dfq}dxj`k pìprek `be edhxk `b Xdajx`k ]bpbx% ―Ydgpkx Ixjfge3 Ej jfpxk}kekoìj aklk pbxj}dj“% `j arbfpj `b rfj qkej yb

arêfpk t añlk ej akfab}adñf `be nklhxbb~}eìadpj k dl}eìadpj bf pk`j pbkxìj t päafda}qdakeñodaj% `bad`b ej akfqbarbfpb kxdbfpj

adñf pbxj}ärpdaj&

Ej }kpbfadj xbnrljfdsj`kxj `b bqpj kxdbfpjadñf bqpê `j`j bfpkfabq }kx qr pbkxìj `

hjqb .Ekokpbkxìj$ }rbq bq ej jfpxk}kekoìjej ydqdñf zrb qb pdbfb `be nklhxb% ej zrb idc

be fkxpb t ljxaj be xrlhk% t qboóf arêfebckq eeborb bf qr }bxq}bapdyj% bf qr jeprxjbf ej aj}pjadñf `b ek lêq nrljfk `b eknrljfk .ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje$ lêq ebckeebojxê bf qr jeajfab% pje bq ek zrb }rb`ybx be bfjfk pxb}j`k j ekq nklhxkq `be odojfpb &

Ej ydqdñf `bq`b lêq jeprxj njab ej `dibxbfadj% t qjhbx `b ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprj

]êodfj 4

Eda& Bfxdzrb J@ÓXDS ‐ ]qdañekok Aeìfdak% Jfêedqdq B~dqpbfadje% Ldblhxk pdprejx `be AEJBbbj`rxdsMidhbxpbe&akl&j

http://mrd.mail.yahoo.com/compose?To=eaduriz%40fibertel.com.ar





eebyj `dxbapk j ej jrpkpxjqabf`bfadj t jejrpk`dqpjfadjldbfpk% t qd hdbf qkhxb bq,pjq qb kxojfdsjf ejq päafdajq bq}baìidajqaklbfpj`jq .dfpbfadñf }jxj`ñcdaj t `b,xxbieb~dñf$% ej aejyb frfaj qbxêf ejqpäafdajq qdfk ej akfab}adñf `be nklhxb

zrb irf`jlbfpb qr bl}ebk&

Be bfjfk% oxjadjq j ej jeprxj j}kxpj`j}kx be odojfpb t pjlhdäf }kx rhdajxqb qk,hxb qrq nklhxkq t ªfk bf qrq hxjskq }j,xj qbx qkqpbfd`k*% }rb`b ybx zrb be nkl,hxb% be nklk }jpdbfq% }kx qkhxbpk`k bqrfj }bxqkfj bq}dxdprje% edhxb t xbq}kfqj,heb j zrdbf jfpb pk`k t }kx qkhxbpk`k ek

jfdlj ej hóqzrb`j `b qbfpd`k&

Fkpjq3

.:$ Jhxjnjl Ljqekw% Bxdan Ixkll t Gj,xbf Nkxfbt% ajhjebq xb}xbqbfpjfpbq `b ej]qdakekoìj Nrljfdqpj&

.8$ Ixjfge arjf`k pxjpj be pblj ―arxjlä`daj `b jeljq“% qrbeb jer`dx je ebpxbxkzrb ndsk akekajx be bl}bxj`kx Ckqä DD bf,adlj `b ej }rbxpj `be Nkq}dpje Obfbxje `bYdbfj% akf ej dfqaxd}adñf3 qjerpd bp qkejpdk jboxkxrl% `b`daj`k fk qkek j ej arxj qdfkpjlhdäf j ej akfqkejadñf `b ekq bfibxlkq&

Aix& Ixjfge% Ydgpkx B&% Ekokpbxj}dj t Jfêed, qdq B~dqpbfadje% B`&Nbx`bx% Hjxabekfj%:440% ]êo&:1:&

Ejq bfqbújfsjq `bekq oxjf`bq ljbqpxkqqb ljfpdbfbf dfpja,pjq j ek ejxok `b ejndqpkxdj7 qkf pxjqld,pd`jq t xb}bpd`jq ajqdqdf dfpbx}xbpjadñf%qdf jfêedqdq fd `bhj,pbq& Bqpk dl}edaj% bfej ljtkxìj `b ekq aj,qkq% be xdbqok `b akf,ybxpdx j ekq ljbqpxkqbf orxóbq `be }bfqj,ldbfpk& ―Qr dl}xkfpj eeboj j qbx pjf irbxpb zrb xbqrepj `diìade xb, }bfqjxekq% aklbfpjxekq% lrank lêq% `b, hjpdxekq& ]kx bqk ldq,

lk% qb pbxldfj xb}dpdäf`kekq njqpj be njxpjsok ob, fbxjf`k be }jrejpdfk jandajldbfpk `b qrq j}kxpbq“ %b~}xbqj Aejr`dk Ojxaìj ]dfpkq bf be dfdadk `be edhxk&Ydgpkx Ixjfge jebxpñ j qrq jerlfkq qkhxb bqpk%dfqpêf`kekq j jyjfsjx qkhxb ejq }xbldqjq beblbf,pjebq }xk}rbqpjq }kx äe ldqlk% jqrldäf`kejq ak,lk ekq irf`jlbfpkq% ekq }xdlbxkq }be`júkq `b je,ok zrb `bhìj qbx akfpdfrj`k% }xkirf`dsj`k% `bq,jxxkeej`k& ―Bf ej eìfbj `b qr dfq}dxjadñf% qrxob bqpb edhxk& Ej dfpbfadñf nj qd`k xbrfdx jeorfjq akfibxbf, adjq `b Ixjfge% pjfpk }jxj xbakx`jx qr `dqarxqk ak, lk }jxj akl}xklbpbxfkq bf aklbfpjxek& Bq `badx%jyjfsjx bf ej dfpbx}xbpjadñf japrje `b qr lbfqjcb b f f r b q p x k j z r ì t j n k x j “ & ]jxj bqpk% qb dfydpñ j `dybxqkq }xkibqdkfjebq bq}b,adjedsj`kq bf be pblj j hxdf`jx qrq }xk}djq khqbx,yjadkfbq& Aj`j akfibxbfadj qb jakl}júj `b ej k}d,fdñf `be aklbfpjxdqpj% fk }xbadqjlbfpb `bq`b ejj`ldxjadñf }kx be ljbqpxk% qdfk lêq hdbf% `bq`brfj ldxj`j axìpdaj t japrje& ―Fk qb pxjpj `b rf Ixjfge xbadpj`k% qdfk `b rf Ixjfge aklbfpj`k& Njt lrankq ljbqpxkq ‖xb}bpd`kq‛& Bq}bxjlkq zrb äqpb

fk qbj be ajqk `b Ydgpkx Ixjfge“ % akfaertb be jrpkx&

]êodfj :=

Eda& Bfxdzrb J`óxds

Bqpb qdpdk% `b`daj`k j ej

EKOKPBXJ]DJ t beJFÊEDQDQ B^DQPBFADJE %`dxdod`k }kx Pbxbqj Yjfbg%

bq xbaklbf`j`k }kx EKOKXB@&

Xbaklbf`j`k `b EKOKXB@B`&Qjf ]jhek ‐ Ake& FKBQDQ



Be khcbpdyk `be jxpìarek bq dfydpjxekqj xbieb~dkfjx qkhxb arêe bq ej ld,xj`j `b Ixjfge xbq}bapk j ekq akf,ab}pkq `b Qjer` t Bfibxlb`j`&

Oxjadjq je j}kxpb `b ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje % be akfqd`bxjx j ej }bxqkfj ak,lk pkpjed`j` t qbx rfj rfd`j` bf ej lrepd,

}edad`j` `b `dlbfqdkfbq zrb ej akfqpdpr, tbf% qjhblkq zrb ej qjer` bq rfj ajxja,

pbxìqpdaj dfnbxbfpb j ej }bxqkfj nrljfj&

Qjer`

―]rb`b ybxqb% }rbq% zrb ej qjer` qb hjqjbf rf adbxpk oxj`k `b pbfqdñf% ej pbfqdñfb~dqpbfpb bfpxb ek zrb tj qb nj ekoxj`k tek zrb pk`jyìj fk qb nj akfqbord`k7 k beyjaìk bfpxb ek zrb qb bq t ek zrb qb `bhbx,ìj qbx& Bqpj pbfqdñf bq dfnbxbfpb je qbxnrljfk t }kx akfqdordbfpb bq df`dq}bf,

qjheb je hdbfbqpjx lbfpje& Fk `bhblkq%}rbq% `r`jx bf `bqjidjx je nklhxb j zrbarl}ej qr qbfpd`k }kpbfadje& Qñek `b bqpblk`k `bq}bxpjlkq `be bqpj`k `b ejpbfadjqr ykerfpj` `b qdofdidajadñf&“ .Ixjfge

8==:3 :0>$Ixjfge .8==:3 :04$ dfpxk`rab be akfab}pk`b ej Fkk`dfjldj% }kx be arje bfpdbf`b rfj pbfqdñf dfpbxfj fbabqjxdj aklk xbzrdqdpk df`dq}bfqjheb }jxj ej qjer` lbfpje& ― &&&Ekzrb be nklhxb xbjelbfpb fbabqdpj fk bqydydx qdf pbfqdkfbq% qdfk bqikxsjxqb t er,anjx }kx rfj lbpj zrb eb lbxbsaj ej }b,fj& Ek zrb }xbadqj fk bq bedldfjx ej pbf,qdñf j pk`j akqpj% qdfk qbfpdx ej eejlj`j`b rf qbfpd`k }kpbfadje zrb bqpê bq}bxjf,

`k j zrb äe ek arl}ej& Ek zrb be nklhxbfbabqdpj fk bq ej (nklbñqpjqdq(% qdfk ekzrb tk eejlk ej ( fkk`dfêldaj(% bq `badx% ej`dfêldaj bq}dxdprje `bfpxk `b rf ajl}k`b pbfqdñf hd}kejx bf be arje rf }kek ydb,fb xb}xbqbfpj`k }kx be qdofdidaj`k zrb `b,hb arl}edxqb t be kpxk }kek }kx be nklhxb

zrb `bhb arl}edxek& T fk `bhb }bfqjxqbzrb bqpk bq adbxpk qñek }jxj ejq akf`dadk,fbq fkxljebq7 qr yjed`bs bq jóf lêq }j,

pbfpb bf be ajqk `b df`dyd`rkq fbrxñpdakq&“

]jxj Ixjfge be akfab}pk `b qjer` xbzrdbxbrf bqpj`k `b pbfqdñf zrb lkydedab j ej}bxqkfj `bq`b ek ekoxj`k njqpj ek zrb qbbq}bxj ekoxjx bf qrq `dlbfqdkfbq iìqdaj}qdakeñodaj% qkadje t bq}dxdprje& @bq`b ek

zrb nkt ―bq“ njqpj ek zrb bqpê ―eejlj`j jqbx“% bfpbf`dbf`k qdbl}xb ej }kqdhded`j`

`b bqpjx lbckx% `b japrjedsjx qrq }kpbfadjed`j`bq% xbarxqkq t aj}jad`j`bq& Be `bhbqbx ixjfgedjfk dl}edaj ej kxdbfpjadñf `bqbx nrljfk j ej hóqzrb`j `be qdofdidaj`k`b qr b~dqpbfadj akfaxbpj% t ej xbq}kfqjhd

ed`j` `b ej japrjadñf `b rf `bhbx edhxblbfpb jqrld`k& Ej b~dqpbfadj qb bfarbfpxj bf pbfqdñf akfpdfrj bf be }xbqbfpb ,bfaj`j dfqpjfpb xbjedsk rfj }kqdhded`j` t fkkpxj, t njadj be irprxk aklk be pdbl}k `b`bqjxxkeek `b ejq }kqdhded`j`bq dl}eìadpj

bf beej&

@bq`b ej Ekokpbxj}dj t be Jfêedqdq b~dqpbfadje qb hrqaj lkydedsjx ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje }jxj jtr`jxeb j bcbxabx qr edhbxpj` txbq}kfqjhded`j` t be j}xbf`bx j j}ktjxqb

bf ej akfadbfadj tj zrb aklk ñxojfk `bqbfpd`k fkq jtr`j j `bqarhxdx be yjekx `b

aj`j qdprjadñf zrb ej yd`j fkq }xbqbfpj

Ej bfibxlb`j` bq bfpbf`d`j aklk rfb~dqpbfpb lêq `b ej yd`j& Qb pxjhjcjxê akfej }bxqkfj zrb }j`bab ej bfibxlb`j` j`bqd`bfpdidajxqb `b beej% bq `badx% bfpbf`bzrb qr qbx fk qb jokpj bf ej bfibxlb`j`% tzrb }k`blkq pkljx rfj japdpr` ixbfpb jbeej& Ej lkydedsjadñf `b ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje ijykxbab be `bq}edborb `b ej aj}jad`j` `b jrpk`dqpjfadjldbfpk t `b jrpkpxjqabf`bfadj crfpk j ekq yjekxbq `b japdpr`

Ej qjer` bq pjlhdäf ej aj}jad`j` }jxj

`jx xbq}rbqpj je }j`badldbfpk zrb lb pkaj ydydx&

Ej Ekokpbxj}dj t bf Jfêedqdq B~dqpbfadj}xk}kfb rfj ldxj`j fkyb`kqj bf be akfab}pk `b qjer`% tj zrb `bidfb j ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje aklk jzrbeek qdbl}xb qjfkzrb fk bfibxlj bf be qbx nrljfk& Bq bnklhxb qdbl}xb }kxpj`kx `b qjer` df`bibapdheblbfpb `b zrb }j`bsaj jeorfj jibaadñf qklêpdaj k }qìzrdaj& Oxjadjq j ej `d

lbfqdñf bq}dxdprje be nklhxb pdbfb aj}jad

]êodfj ::

]kqp,Ixjfge QJER@ T BFIBXLB@J@ @BQ@B BE LK@BEK @B EJ EKOKPBXJ]DJT BE JFÊEDQDQ B^DQPBFADJE @B YDGPKX IXJFGE ]kx Eraìj AK]BEEK



` j ` ` b j r p k , ` d q p j f a d j x q b.jrpkakfadbfadj$% dfpbfadkfjed`j` bf qrqjapkq% edhbxpj` }jxj xbq}kf`bx jfpb ekzrb bf ej yd`j qb eb }xbqbfpj .lêq fk qbjjapdpr`dfjelbfpb% bq `badx% bedodbf`k akfzrä japdpr` ydydx ek zrb pdbfb zrb ydydx$%xbq}kfqjhded`j` qdbf`k }xkpjokfdqpj `bqr }xk}dj b~dqpbfadj& Bf }jejhxjq `bIxjfge .:44=3 9?,94$% bfpbf`blkq }kxbq}dxdprje3 ―Qdf blhjxok% ek zrb fkqkpxkq`bqpjajlkq bq be nbank `b zrb be nkl,hxb% aklk qbx bq}dxdprje% fk qñek qb bf,

arbfpxj akfixkfpj`k akf be lrf`k ‑ pjfpk akf be lb`dk jlhdbfpb aklk akfqr lrf`k dfpbxdkx, qdfk zrb pjlhdäf pk,

lj }kqdadñf ixbfpb j äe% qdbl}xb qb }rb,`b `dq}kfbx t akfixkfpjx `b jeorfj ikxljixbfpb j äe t bqpb akl}kxpjldbfpk bq }xb,adqjlbfpb rf akl}kxpjldbfpk edhxb& Bf

arjezrdbx lklbfpk `b qr b~dqpbfadj% benklhxb pklj }kqdadñf pjfpk xbq}bapk jelb`dk jlhdbfpb fjprxje t qkadje% je bf,pkxfk b~pbxfk% aklk xbq}bapk je lrf`kdfpbxdkx }qdakiìqdak ydpje% je bfpkxfk dfpbx,fk& T }xbadqjlbfpb `bqdofjlkq aklkbq}dxdprje bf be nklhxb jzrbeek zrb }rb,

`b akfixkfpjxqb akf pk`k ek qkadje% ek akx,}kxje b dfaerqk ek }qìzrdak bf äe& Ek bq,}dxdprje bq tj }kx `bidfdadñf qñek ek edhxbbf be nklhxb& @bq`b rf }xdfad}dk eejlj,lkq }bxqkfj qñek jzrbeek zrb }rb`bakl}kxpjxqb edhxblbfpb% arjebqzrdbxjzrb qbjf ejq adxarfqpjfadjq& Ej }bxqkfjbq}dxdprje bq jzrbeej }jxpb `be nklhxbzrb }rb`b akfixkfpjxqb qdbl}xb t bf

arjezrdbx lklbfpk“

Ej qjer` fk `bydbfb }kx jrqbfadj `b axd,qdq k `b }jpkekoìj qdfk aklk aj}jad`j``b xbq}rbqpj& Be Qbx nrljfk `bhb qbxakfqadbfpb `b qr aj}jad`j` `b xbq}rbq,pj7 je qbx akfqadbfpb `b qr aj}jad`j` `b

xbq}rbqpj% akl}xbf`b zrb bq xbq}kfqj,

heb `b qì ldqlk&

Ej qjer` bq be `bqjxxkeek `be qbx bf qrbqbfadj t qbfpd`k , be qbfpd`k fk bq ejajrqj `b ej qjer`% qd fk be lkpdyk }jxjpbfbx qjer`,% aklk qbxbq nrljfkq zrb

}j`bablkq bfibxlb`j`bq }k`blkq rhdajxfkq bf be erojx `b ―}jadbfpbq“ k `b―}xkpjokfdqpjq“& Be }jadbfpb bq rfj }bxqkfjzrb qb }xbqbfpj `bq`b be xke `b rf bq}bapj`kx lr`k ixbfpb j jzrbeek zrb eb qrab`b .qxbqdofj$& Be }xkpjokfdqpj bq rf qbx japdyk txbq}kfqjheb zrb }rb`b `jx xbq}rbqpj

.jab}pj ek zrb eb }jqj$&

Jabyb`k .8==:3 2?$ `bidfb be akfab}pk `b qjer` `bq`b ej }bxq}bapdyj ekokpbxj}ärpdaj bfpbf`dbf`k }kx beej fk ej jrqbfadj `b bfibxlb`j` qdfk aklk3 qbfpd`k `b yd`j% bf rf}ejf `b yd`j dfaerd`k bf rf }xktbapk ijldedj t qkadje% ej }kqdhded`j` `b bqaxdhdx ej }xk}dndqpkxdj ydpje bf ej }xk}dj ijldedj% be pxjhjc

t ej aklrfd`j`% ej }kqdhded`j` `b b~}xbqjx e―fk `dank“ bf be `dêekok t ej xbieb~dñf% ej }kqdhded`j` `b qbfpdxqb zrbxd`k t `b zrbxbx

}xdydebodjf`k be bfarbfpxk akf be kpxk% ej }kqdhded`j` `b pxjfqikxljx t pxjfqikxljxqb% ej}kqdhded`j` `b akl}xklbpbxqb% `b }jxpdad}j t `b qbfpdxqb }jxpdad}jf`k% ej }kqdhded`j` `bqpjhebabx yìfarekq jibapdykq% qked`jxdkq t `

akfydydx&

Bfibxlb`j`3 Ej @xj& Qkqj Pbxxj`jq .8==:3 99$% bf be edhxk% ]qdakekoìj ]xbybfpdyj t `b ej Qjer`% `bidfb zrb ―ej bfibxlb`j`% ydqpj aklk akfqpxraadñf% bq rfj ikxlj `b qbx bf be lrf`k& Bqrfj xbq}rbqpj jfpb ejq }kqdhded`j`bq% bq }kqdhded`j` zrb aj`j rfk axbj bf qr bfibxlb

`j` aklk xbq}rbqpj japdyj jfpb be eìldpb“&

Ej ekokpbxj}dj% fk }kfb be jabfpk bf be nklhxb bfibxlk qdfk crqpjlbfpb bf bqj irbxsj

be }kpbfadje bq}dxdprje }xk}dk `b ej }bxqkfj`b k}kfbxqb7 bq `badx% `jx xbq}rbqpj j ejqdprjadkfbq zrb fk bedob ydydx .qdprjadkfbeìldpbq$% j ekq akfiedapkq% ejq axdqdq7 qr}bxêf`kejq% bfakfpxêf`kebq qbfpd`k t pxjqabf`dbf

`k bf beejq&

Jabyb`k .8==:3 91$ qkqpdbfb zrb ejq bfibxlb`j`bq }rb`bf qbx ydqpjq `bq`b `dqpdfpjñ}pdajq& Qd qb ej akfpbl}ej `bq`b rfj }bxq}bapdyj }xb}kf`bxjfpblbfpb bqpêpdaj% ek lê

dl}kxpjfpb bq ej ikxlj .ek jfjpñldak$& Qd b

]êodfj :8

,Bqpj akerlfj bqpjxê ̀ b`daj`j j }xbqbfpjx }xk}rbqpjq t j xbieb~dkfjx qkhxb akfab}pkq ̀ bqjxxkeej`kq }kx ̀ dib,xbfpbq }xkibqdkfjebq% zrb pkljf`k ejq hjqbq `b ej pbkxìj ixjfgebjfj% qb jfdljf j }xk}kfbx qrq }xk}djq d`bjq t

jqì njabf axbabx t lj`rxjx j ej Ekokpbxj}dj t be Jfêedqdq B~dqpbfadje&,



ydqpj `bq`b rfj ñ}pdaj }xb`kldfjfpblbf,pb `dfêldaj% j`zrdbxb ej irfadñf .ek id,qdkeñodak$& Qd bf ajlhdk% ej bfibxlb`j` qbbfikaj `bq`b rfj `dlbfqdñf jfpxk}keñod,

aj% ek bqbfadje bq be qbfpd`k& Ejq `dibxbf,adjq bfpxb bqpkq }rfpkq `b ydqpj qb }rb,

`bf qdfpbpdsjx bf bqpb arj`xk3

Ixjfge .:4483 :8=$ xbidxdäf`kqb je bfibx,lk `dab3 Be bq be zrb `j qbfpd`k j qr bf,ibxlb`j` t }xbadqjlbfpb je bfixbfpjxqbakf beej aklk `bqpdfk7 bqpk bq% bf be bf,

ixbfpjldbfpk `b qì ldqlk bf arjfpk }bx,qkfj bq}dxdprje% akf ej bfibxlb`j` bf

arjfpk j jibaadñf `be kxojfdqlk }qdakiìqd,ak& Bf be bfixbfpjldbfpk akf be `bqpdfk `bqr bfibxlb`j`% bf ej japdpr` zrb j`k}pb

ixbfpb j bqpb qr `bqpdfk% arl}eb be nkl,hxb bfibxlk% be nklk }jpdbfq% fk rf qbf,

pd`k% qdfk be lêq }xkirf`k qbfpd`k7 akfqd,orb fk rf yjekx% qdfk be qr}xblk yjekx& Beqbfpd`k `be qrixdldbfpk fk bqpê bf benbank `b qrixdx% qdfk bf ej ljfbxj `b qr,

ixdx&Bq dl}kxpjfpb }kqdadkfjxqb ixbfpb je qr,

ixdldbfpk `be }jadbfpb `bq`b qr ldxj`j%pbfdbf`k bf arbfpj añlk ek jibapj% fkqñek bf ek iìqdak qdfk bf ej pkpjed`j` `b qrqbx t bf be akfpb~pk qkadk,areprxje,ejhkxjebf be zrb bqpê dfqbxpk& Bf }jejhxjq `b

Jabyb`k .8==:3 ?0$ Rfj xbydqdñf jfpxk,}keñodaj fk xb`rab ej bfibxlb`j` j ej `d,lbfqdñf `b rf akfiedapk akf be khcbpk}jpñobfk k akf ej qdprjadñf akfiedapdyj7

qdfk zrb ej xb`d,lbfqdkfj% akfydx,pdäf`kej bf rf―ajl}k `b }xkheb,

ljq“ zrb }bxpbf,abf j ej b~dqpbfadj

nrljfj&

Bqpk fkq eebyj j ikxlrejxfkq dfpbxxkojfpbqfk qñek qkhxb be khcbpk }jpñobfk t ej qdprjadñf7 qdfk qkhxb ej yd`j `b aj`j qbx nrlj

fk akfaxbpk3 qr xbejadñf akf be }jqj`k.añlk qrab`dñ$7 akf be }xbqbfpb .zrä bq ek

zrb bqpê ydydbf`k$ t akf be irprxk .aklk ek

ydydxê$&

Hdhedkoxjiìj3

Jabyb`k Obxñfdlk& .8==:$& Be lk`k nrljfk `b bfibxljx& Hrbfkq Jdxbq& B`dadkfbq Irf`jadñf Jxobfpdfj `b Ekokpbxj}dj ―YìgpkxIxjfge“& Ojxaìj ]dfpkq t Ake& .8==?$& Ixjfge }kx `bidfdadñf& Akfqrepkx pblêpdak `b Ekokpbxj}dj tJfêedqdq B~dqpbfadje & Hrbfkq Jdxbq& B`dpkxdj

Qjf ]jhek&Ixjfge Yìgpkx .:4?4$& Ej d`bj }qdakeñodaj `bnklhxb& Lj`xd` 3 B`dpkxdje XDJE]&Ixjfge Yìgpkx& .:4>?$& Ekokpbxj}dj t JfêedqdqB~dqpbfadje & Hjxabekfj3 B`dpkxdje Nbx`bx&Ixjfge% Yìgpkx& .8==1$& ]qdakpbxj}dj t Nrljfdqlk & Lä~dak3 Ikf`k `b areprxj bakfñldaj& Ixjfge Yìgpkx& .:448$& Pbkxìj t pbxj}dj `b ejqfbrxkqdq& Hjxabekfj3 b`dpkxdje Nbx`bx&Kxk Kqajx& .8==:$&]qdakekoìj }xbybfpdyj t `bej qjer`& Hrbfkq Jdxbq& B`dadkfbq Irf`jadñfJxobfpdfj `b Ekokpbxj}dj ―Yìgpkx Ixjfge“&

]êodfj :1

Ydqdñf Bqpêpdaj.Jfjpñldak$

Ydqdñf @dfêldaj.Idqdkeñodak$

Ydqdñf Jfpxk}keñodaj

@dlbfqdñf]xb}kf`bxjfpb

Bq}jadk Pdbl}k Qbfpd`k

B~}xbqdñf

]xb`kldfjfpb

Ikxlj ]xkabqk Qbx bf be lrf`k

.b~dqpbfadj$ Ljfdibqpjadkfbq]xb`kldfjfpbq

Pjljúk t erojx Irfadñf Xbq}rbqpj

Eraìj Ak}beekeradj[ak}beekMtjnkk&akl&jx



]êodfj :0

BFARBFPXK IB@BXJE @B EKOKPBXJ]DJ@B EJ XB]RHEDAJ JXOBFPDFJ

Qb jfrfadj ej xbjedsjadñf `be ―:½ BFARBF,PXK IB@BXJE @B EKOKPBXJ]DJ @B EJXB]ÓHEDAJ JXOBFPDFJ“% ekq `ìjq :?% :>

t :4 `b fkydblhxb% bf ej adr`j` `b Pr,

arlêf&

Hjck be eblj ―Rfdäf`kfkq bf Hrqaj `be

Qbfpd`k“% qbújejf qrq kxojfdsj`kxbq zrb

―bqpb Bfarbfpxk Ib`bxje hrqaj dfjrorxjx rfj frbyj ikxlj `b xbejadñf t `dirqdñf `be

pxjhjck `b ekq ekokpbxj}brpjq `b pk`k be }jìq% rf bq}jadk bf be arje pk`kq akf dorje, `j` `b k}kxprfd`j`bq t fkpkxdb`j` }rb`jf `jx j akfkabx qr pxjhjck bf aj`j aklrfd, `j`& ]kx bqk bq zrb qkedadpjlkq ej akejhk, xjadñf `b pk`kq }jxj ijadedpjx ej kxojfdsj, adñf `be ldqlk% `j`j ej pxjqabf`bfadj zrb }xbpbf`blkq zrb pbfoj“

Qb pxjpj `b rfj japdyd`j` jxjfabej`j% `bq,

pdfj`j j }xkibqdkfjebq t }óhedak bf obfb

xje&

Ekq dfpbxbqj`kq bf }jxpdad}jx `be bfarbf

pxk% }rb`bf xbzrbxdx lêq dfikxljadñf j

Abfpxk `b Ekokpbxj}dj `b Prarlêf% qdp

bf Ljxakq ]js :240% je pbeäikfk .=1>:$08

,08>0% bf be wbhqdpb `be Abfpx

.www&ekokpbxj}djpra&akl&jx$% k je lj

abekopraMnkpljde&akl

Be bzrd}k kxojfdsj`kx bqpê akfikxlj`k }k

Ljxìj Tkejf`j Ybeds `b Bq}bx .Prarlêf

Ckqb Lbffj, Ejrxj ]kllkxqgt, .Hrbfk

Jdxbq$% Jorqpdf Qjfanbs Jxaj% Xkadk Qjf

anbs Jxaj% Eradej Jeb% Hbebf Dkqj% Ybxñfda

Nbxxbxj% Ljxabej Xk`xdorbs, .Prarlêf$&

EKOKXB@ j`ndbxb je bybfpk t jrorxj ä~

pk bf ej akfykajpkxdj&



]êodfj :2

QDF XBABPJXDKHdhedkpbxj}dj% akl}jxpdx ej b~}bxdbfadj ydpje& .:£ }jxpb$ ]kx Keoj Yjfbqj Ebnljff

Bf b`dadkfbq }jqj`jq `b Ekokxb`%njf qd`k }rhedaj`kq `kq bfqjtkqxbejadkfj`kq akf ej Hdhedkpbxj}dj3―Be ]xdfad}dpk t qr Ekokpbxj}dj“

t ―Ej ]kbqìj3 Rfj ydqdñf qrhcbpdyj `bqbfpd`k“& Bf }xñ~dljq akerlfjq `b Qdf Xbabpjxdk % qb }xbqbfpjxêf jeorfjq bej,hkxjadkfbq jabxaj `b bqpb pblj% zrb lb

xbqrepj `b }jxpdarejx dfpbxäq t rpded`j`&

Bf bqpj kajqdñf% lêq zrb akl}jxpdx}xdfad}dkq pbñxdakq t j}edajpdykq `b ej ek,okpbxj}dj% ek arje qbxê lkpdyk `b irprxjqb`dadkfbq `b bqpb hkebpìf% zrdbxk akl}jx,pdxebq rf ekokarbfpk dfä`dpk 3 Be Xbekc&Jqdldqlk% t akf be }xk}ñqdpk `b njabx

lêq dfpbxjapdyj ld xbejadñf akf ekq ebapk,xbq `b Ekokxb`% ekq dfydpk j akl}jxpdxakfldok `b yrbepj% yìj b,ljde% ej orìj`b }xborfpjq zrb bqpê b~}rbqpj je id,fje `be xbejpk&

Be xbekc3 rf ekokarbfpk }jxj byj`dx ejbyjqdñf&

,»Zrä nkxj bq;, eb }xborfpä dxxdpj`k je ard`j`kx% je ldqlk zrb lb jakl}júj, hj ajqd qdf ldxjxlb `bq`b zrb lb pxjcb, xkf jzrì& Äe% aklk qdbl}xb% qkfxdñ t lb `dck zrb bxj ej nkxj `b `bcjx `b }xborfpjx

}kx be pdbl}k bf erojx `b bqaranjxek&

Fk qä arêfpk }jqñ `bq`b zrb kì qr xbq}rbqpj% }bxk jeok bf ld qb fbojhj j jhjf`kfjxej `b frbyk& Fk% }xborfpbq3 bq, aranj… bqaranj… »Bqaranjx zrä; »Qr

xkfaj t j}joj`j yks; »Jajqk }rb`b njhejx bqpb pkx}b qdebfadk; @bq}räq `b

lb`dpjx bf yjfk lb `bad`ì j `kxldx t lb banä aklk }bxxk bf be ldqlk xdfañf zrb ajqd pbfìj ld ikxlj `dhrcj`j bf be jqije, pk&

@bq}bxpä `kq ybabq jfpbq `b qbfpdx eebojx je ajxabebxk akf ej akld`j& Lb njh, ìj khqbqdkfj`k akf bqjq }jejhxjq zrb pjfpjq ybabq eb kì `badx% akf be ldqlk pkfk t ej ldqlj b~}xbqdñf `b qrq kckq aklk arandeekq jabanjfpbq& ,»Arêfpk pdbl}k

eebyk jzrì;, lb }xborfpä qkeeksjf`k t erb,

ok oxdpä aklk qd }r`dbxjf bqaranjxlb ªLje`dpk% qdf }k`bx akfpxkejx aj`j lkydldbfpk abfpxìirok ld yd`j bq rfj ldbx`j*

Lb }jxä dxxdpj`k t `bq}räq `b `jxeb

`kq k pxbq yrbepjq je ldqbxjheb arjxpk% jojanj`k }jxj fk oke}bjx ld ajhbsj% eb `d rf }rúk je pbank akf rfj irbxsj ydqabxje& Lj}jxpä bf qbord`j bfqjfoxbfpj`k t bfaborbad`k }kx ej jxbfj zrb ajtñ `bfpxk `b ldqkckq& Jprx`d`k }kx ej j}jxbfpb bqpr}d`bs zrjajhj`j `b aklbpbx t qdfpdbf`k ej dl}kpbfadj `b fk pbfbx rf yjqk `b jorj }jxj ejyjld nbxd`j k edl}djxlb ekq kckq% lb banä `frbyk% qrldqk% fk qä bf arje bqzrdfj `b bqjajcj `b iñqikxkq& @b }xkfpk% bl}baä j fkpj

rf pdpdejx xìpldak% lkyì ld ljfk }jxj ybx qbfakfpxjhj jeok zrb ek kxdodfjxj% }bxk fk }r`b% qñek }k`ìj qbfpdx bqb qkfd`k keyd`j`kaj`j ybs lêq abxaj&

Orìj `b }xborfpjq3

:, »Añlk qb dljodfj je }xkpjokfdqpj `b ejndqpkxdj; »Zrä ajxjapbxìqpdajq axbb zrb pdb

fb; »Zrä fklhxb eb `jxìj;

8, »]kx zrä axbb zrb be }xkpjokfdqpj bqpêbfabxxj`k bf bqj abe`j; »Zrdäfbq ek pdbfbf

jnì;

1, »Zrä bq }jxj rqpb` ek aknbxbfpb t ek df

aknbxbfpb `b bqpb arbfpk;

0, »Bf zrä }k`xìj xbejadkfjxqb bqpb ekok

arbfpk akf ej byjqdñf;

2, »Añlk dfydpj be xbejpk j bfakfpxjx qbfpd

`k;

9, »Arêe bq be lbfqjcb zrb be ajxabebxkhrqaj `jxeb je }xkpjokfdqpj;

?, »Zrä dfidbxb rqpb` `be idfje `b bqpb ekok

arbfpk;

>, »Eb orqpjxìj zrb ej ndqpkxdj prydbqb kpxk

idfje; »Zrä idfje eb `jxìj rqpb`;

Ej jrpkxj bq}bxj xbq}rbqpjq `b ekq ebapkxbqbf qr ljde `b akfpjapk3

keordpj[ebnljffMnkpljde&akl



Bf arjezrdbx ljfrje aeêqdak qkhxb]qdakekoìj `be J`kebqabfpb bfakfpxj,lkq zrb be bokabfpxdqlk bq rf xjqok}xk}dk `b bqpj bpj}j bykerpdyj }kx

bqpjx kxdbfpj`kq hêqdajlbfpb j `bqarhxdxqbj qì ldqlkq& Jqì pjlhdäf% ej dfakfqpjfadj bfekq bqpj`kq `b êfdlk% ej dfabxpd`rlhxb }kxrf ej`k t ej bibxybqabfadj `b ejq }reqdkfbq tqbfpdldbfpkq }kx kpxk&

T% zrdbfbq nkt qklkq j`repkq% xbakx`jlkqjeok `b pk`k bqpk& ]bxk »zrä jfêedqdq }k`b,lkq }xbqbfpjx bf xbejadñf j bqpb nkt zrbb~dob xbq}rbqpjq jakx`bq t bidajabq;

Irf`jlbfpjelbfpb ykt j njabx ndfaj}dä bfej oxjf `didarepj` zrb pdbfbf ekq fdúkq }óhb,

xbq t ekq j`kebqabfpbq }jxj rhdajxqb bf beerojx `be kpxk% }jxj }bfqjx .jfpbq `b `badx k`b japrjx$ bf be }kqdheb jibapk zrb }xk`rabfbf ej kpxj }bxqkfj% `b rf lk`k r kpxk&

Je qbx ordj`kq }xdfad}jelbfpb }kx qrq }xk,}djq fbabqd`j`bq k dl}reqkq% be bq}jadk zrbkar}j qr tk hkxxj be bq}jadk `be kpxk% t äqpb`bqj}jxbab& Bqpjlkq bfpkfabq jfpb rfj }k,qdheb jrqbfadj `b qbfqdhded`j`% `b bl}jpìjzrb pdbf`b j axkfdidajxqb& T bqpk bq oxjyb3}kxzrb bf erojx `b j}xkybanjxqb ej hxbanj

`b ldxjxqb }jxj bfakfpxjxqb .ej j`kebqabfadjbq ej bpj}j `b ej hóqzrb`j `be qì ldqlk }kx`bidfdadñf$% qblbcjfpb qkx`bxj `b ej }jejhxjb~pbxfj eebyj j rfj bfjcbfjadñf bf `kf`b pjeqkx`bxj qb yrbeyb njadj ej }xk}dj }bxqkfj%bfpkfabq fk qb ekoxjf }xkpbobx fd qdzrdbxjejq }xk}djq blkadkfbq&

T eebojlkq je jlhdbfpb k akfpb~pk bf be zrbnkt ydyb be ckybf3 hklhjx`bj`k `b qkhxbdf,ikxljadñf% be xbqrepj`k `b j}xbpjx rf hkpñf t pbfbx rf xbqrlbf bqakejx tj edqpk% ej ijepj`b qjaxdidadk }kxzrb pk`k bqpê jnì% je jeajfab`b ej ljfk% ej hóqzrb`j `b ek añlk`k }kx ekañlk`k% fk }kx pbfbx pdbl}k }jxj jeok lb, ckx% ej qkadb`j` zrb ek bqpdlrej j akfqrldxhdbfbq t qbxydadkq t zrb eb ljxaj rf lrf`kirf`jlbfpjelbfpb ljpbxdje…t pjfpjq akqjqzrb ek ljxbjf% `bqyjekxbq zrb ek `dqpxjbf% ek}kfbf bf }bedoxk% t fk ek frpxbf bf njabxqbajxok `b qr edhbxpj` akf xbq}kfqjhded`j` takf bq}bxjfsj `b ―}k`bx ajlhdjx be lrf`k t lbckxjxek“ .}kx ek lbfkq äqpb irb aejxj,lbfpb be qrbúk ―fbabqjxdk“ `b ld obfbxj,

adñf$&

]êodfj :9

EKOKPBXJ]DJ YDFAREJXEj }b`jokoìj `be qbfpd`k bf fdúkq t j`kebqabfpbq Jfjeìj HKTJ@CDÊF

T qd fkq jabxajlkq je pblj `b ej ijldedj% yblkq }kx rf ej`k }j`xbq eranjf`k akfpxj ekqlb`dkq `b aklrfdajadñf t ej qkadb`j` `b akfqrlk% akfpxj ej `bqbq}bxjfsj t ej dfqborxd`j`zrb }xbqbfpjf be pblkx `b zrb axdjf`k jqì j

qrq ndckq akxxjf be xdbqok `b zrb`jx `bqj`j}pj`kq& K ekq }j`xbq zrb ikxljf }jxpb `b ej arepr,xj Pdfbeed% `b ej areprxj `b }bxldpdxebq ek zrb}d`jf% }bfqjf`k zrb bq ej ebt `b bqpb lklbfpk& Pk`k rf `bqjiìk&

Bqpj areprxj `b ej qjpdqijaadñf dflb`djpj.derqdñf$ jibapj `bq`b ej fdúbs& Qd ebq }bxldpd,lkq pbfbx t njabx pk`k ek zrb `bqbjf% ekq fdúkq`bq`b pbl}xjfk fk `bqarhxbf zrb% lêq jeeê `bbeekq ldqlkq% njt pk`k rf lrf`k pjlhdäf akffbabqd`j`bq t yd`j }xk}dj& Dfaerqdyb% bf ej df

lb`djpbs fk ekoxjf ybx fd j qrq }j`xbq akf qrqqdprjadkfbq ydpjebq t qrq fbabqd`j`bq% }kx ekarje fk qdbfpbf zrb }rb`bf njabx jeok }kxbeekq&

Bfpkfabq% byjerblkq bf bqpb akfpb~pk be ajldfk }kqdheb zrb fkq derldfj ej Ekokpbxj}dj&

Qd% `bq`b fdúkq% ebq bfqbújlkq j `jx t j xbad,hdx% ekq dl}reqjlkq j qjedx `be bokabfpxdqlkfjprxje t ekq ordjlkq j `jx be qjepk njadj ekqkpxkq% ebq bqpjxblkq }xbqbfpjf`k ekq yjekxbq}jxj pk`j ej yd`j3 be jlkx% be xbq}bpk% ej qked`j,

xd`j`% ej akl}xbfqdñf% pk`kq frpxdbfpbq zrb}bxldpbf ―bfakfpxjx be qbfpd`k“& Qb pxjpj `bakfixkfpjx j ekq ndckq akf ej ybx`j` `b zrb ejakfydybfadj dl}edaj irf`jlbfpjelbfpb xbq}rbqpjq zrb akfpdbfbf je kpxk% fk zrb ek keyd,`jf&

Ej aj}jad`j` `b eranj t qr}bxjadñf `be bq}ìxdpr nrljfk fkq akfidxlj zrb fk bqpjlkq akf`dadkfj`kq }kx frbqpxk }jqj`k% fd }kx frbqpxkqdl}reqkq% fd }kx be akfpb~pk bf be zrb nblkqaxbad`k& Qdfk zrb `dq}kfblkq `b `dofd`j` t

edhbxpj`% qdbl}xb t arjf`k bqpblkq `dq}rbqpkqj bfixbfpjx ej yd`j akf xbq}kfqjhded`j` t jeboxìj&

Be }xbqbfpb xbaejlj j oxdpkq be }xdfad}dk `bxbq}kfqjhded`j` bf b`rajadñf% tj zrb ej `bqkxdbfpjadñf `b ekq j`repkq obfbxj% }kx }jxpb `bfdúkq t j`kebqabfpbq% akfirqdñf t xbanjsk jlk`bek xbibxbfpb }kxzrb fk ebq obfbxj akfidjfsj&

Jaab`bx j rfj yd`j `kpj`j `b qbfpd`k xbzrdbxb`be `bq}edborb `b ej ykerfpj` zrb ybej lêq jeeê

`b ejq }xk}djq fbabqd`j`bq& Bfpkfabq% qbfqdhded



sjx j ekq ndckq njadj be lrf`k zrb xbaejljard`j`kq t kx`bf% t }xklkybx be ybx`j`bxkqbfpd`k `be ―akfkabxqb j qì ldqlk“ qkaxêpdak%}jxj ―kixbabx t `jx ek lbckx `b rfk ldqlk“&

Jqì ekoxjf% `bq`b }bzrbúkq% akfqpxrdx jrpkbq,pdlj t akfidjfsj bf qì ldqlkq }jxjebek je `bq,}edborb `b ej qked`jxd`j` hdbf bfpbf`d`j zrb%}kx qr}rbqpk% ―bl}dbsj }kx ajqj“& T bcbl}ekqakfaxbpkq njt lrankq% `bq`b }bzrbúkq }rb,`bf orjx`jx qrq crorbpbq erbok `b crojx% eb,yjfpjx qr pjsj t ej `be nbxljfdpk% t ydybfadjxoxjpdidajadñf dfpbxfj }kx beek& Tj jyjfsjf`k rf}jx `b júkq% jtr`jx njadbf`k ej ajlj% kx`b,fjf`k jeoóf jlhdbfpb% akadfjf`k akf ljlê keejljf`k j ekq jhrbekq }jxj ybx añlk bqpêf%bqaxdhdbf`k je `dapj`k `be j`repk ej edqpj `be

qr}bxlbxaj`k…t pjfpjq pjxbjq lêq% zrb rfjakqj bq }kfbxejq aklk ―ajqpdok“ t kpxj lrt`dibxbfpb bq zrb ikxlbf }jxpb `be `bybfdx akpd,`djfk3 aklk ekq pxbq lkqzrbpbxkq% ―pk`kq }jxjrfk t rfk }jxj pk`kq“&T bfpkfabq qì qb jxxdhjj rfj j`kebqabfadj% zrb }kx lêq `diìade zrbqbj% b~dqpb bq}jadk }jxj be bfarbfpxk akf bekpxk% `kf`b qb ekoxj `djekojx t njhejx `b ek zrbfkq }jqj% `kf`b qb jab}pj be eìldpb `b ―j bqjidbqpj fk yjq j dx }kxzrb fk lb dfq}dxj qborxd,`j` qridadbfpb k }kxzrb ljlê k }j}ê pjlhdäfbqpêf ajfqj`kq nkt“ .t njt zrb }bfqjx bf be

hdbfbqpjx `b pk`kq$&Ej b~}bxdbfadj `b ej jtr`j lrprj% ek zrb bq,pjlkq pxjpjf`k idfjelbfpb% pjlhdäf bq rf jq,}bapk dl}kxpjfpb `b ej jfpxk}kekoìj ixjfgedj,fj% zrb äe ldqlk yjed`ñ bf ekq ajl}kq `b akf,abfpxjadñf fjsd& T xbljxzrblkq zrb bq rfjikxlj `b b~}xbqdñf `b ej jrpkpxjqabf`bfadjnrljfj&

Bf arjfpk j ekq yjekxbq b~}bxdlbfpjebq% benklhxb bfarbfpxj qbfpd`k bf be jlkx }kxkpxjq }bxqkfjq& Akf xbq}bapk j ekq yjekxbq

axbjpdykq% qb njeej be qbfpd`k je arl}edx akfrfj pjxbj& T arjf`k ej }bxqkfj qb bfixbfpj jrfj qdprjadñf zrb fk }rb`b lk`didajx% }rb`bnjeejx be qbfpd`k qboóf ej japdpr` akf ej arjeqkhxbeebyj bqj ajxoj&

Kpxk ljebfpbf`d`k bf ej b`rajadñf `b ekq ndckqbq zrb lrankq }j`xbq }xkarxjf bcbxabx hdbfqr xke }bfqjf`k bf jebcjx `b qrq ndckq pk`j }k,qdheb ixrqpxjadñf& Aklk qd äqpjq irbqbf ljejqqkejlbfpb& Qdf blhjxok% be fdúk fbabqdpj qbf,pdx zrb qrq }j`xbq akfiìjf bf zrb äe bq aj}js

`b njabx adbxpjq akqjq t xbqkeybx adbxpkq }xk,hebljq jcrqpj`kq j qr b`j` t }bxqkfjed`j`&

]êodfj :?

Eda& Jfjeìj Hktj`cdêf

}kxejijldedjMtjnkk&akl

Arjf`k ebq kixbablkq ej }kqdhded`j` `b xbqkeybx }xkhebljq% beekq yjf lj`rxjf`k t fk epblbf je akfiedapk% qd fk zrb ek ybf aklk ej}kqdhded`j` `b axbabx t `b bfakfpxjx frbyjjepbxfjpdyjq% t bqpk ekq ikxpjebab&

Fk qb pxjpj `b jedydjfjxebq ej ajxoj qdfk `}kfbx lêq }bqk bf jzrbeek zrb be fdúk k bj`kebqabfpb pdbfb }jxj kixbabx% bedodbf`k xbjedsjx }kqdhded`j`bq }ebfjq `b qbfpd`k3 jzrbeejqkf hrbfjq }jxj äe% hrbfjq }jxj zrdbfbq ekxk`bjf% t hrbfjq }jxj ej yd`j ldqlj& ]kbcbl}ek% bf pbljq qbfadeekq t akpd`djfkq»zrdäf bq xbq}kfqjheb `b ejq pjxbjq bqakejxbq`b kxojfdsjx ej fkanb jfpbxdkx ej xk}j }jxj b`ìj qdordbfpb% `b bqpjx hjúj`k t }xkedck% `b aklbx ek fbabqjxdk }jxj pbfbx rfj hrbfj qjer`;

Lêq jeeê `b zrb be rfdikxlb bqakejx bqpä }ejfanj`k t edl}dk% `b zrb bf ej ydjf`j njtj hrbfj ajed`j` `b jedlbfpkq .}xb}jxj`kq }kx ekj`repkq$% fkqkpxkq fk }k`blkq qjhbx qd be ndcej pdxj k ej xbojej% k ard`j ej xk}j% k ej }dbx`b t fk ej yjekxj& Ek bqbfadje bq zrb ekq fdúkq tekq j`kebqabfpbq }jxpdad}bf bf be jxlj`k% ard`j`k t rpdedsjadñf `b pk`jq bqpjq arbqpdkfbqzrb% }kx lêq }bzrbújq zrb }jxbsajf% bfoxjf`babf ej akfidjfsj bf qì ldqlk t `bq}edbojfej jtr`j lrprj&

Qb pxjpj bfpkfabq `b axbbx bf ej pxjfqikxljadñf3 `bq`b qbx }jxj qì ldqlk j qbx }jxj bkpxk& Fk jnkojxqb bf be }xk}dk bokabfpxdqlk txbar}bxjx ej pxjqabf`bfadj zrb bqpê bf frbqpxj fjprxjebsj&

Eda& Jfjeìj Hktj`cdêf



Qdlhj t qr }xkabqk `b ej `b}bf`bf,adj j ej edhbxpj`

―Rf näxkb bq jeordbf zrb nj

`j`k qr yd`j }kx jeok lêq oxjf`b zrb äe ldqlk“ 2

Ekq arbfpkq dfijfpdebq qkf rfj ikx,lj `b pxjfqldqdñf `b frbqpxjndqpkxdj t areprxj% xb}xbqbfpjf`k

qrabqkq lìpdakq t lk`bekq j dld,pjx& Bq }kx bqk zrb bebodlkq ej }beìarej―Be xbt Ebñf“ }jxj jabxajxfkq j bqpj xb,

axbjadñf `be ldpk `be näxkb&

Be pblj abfpxje xb}xbqbfpj`k bq be `be ckybf `bcjf`k jpxêq qr dfijfadj }jxj

akfybxpdxqb bf j`repk7 `bhbxê lkxdx bfqr }bxqkfjed`j` t lbfpjed`j` dfijfpde}jxj ykeybx aklk rf j`repk xbq}kfqjheb&Qb pxjpj `b rfj pxjfqikxljadñf }qdakeñ,odaj irf`jlbfpje zrb pk`kq `bhblkq

qr}bxjx& Bykeradkfjx `b rfj qdprjadñf`b `b}bf`bfadj b dflj`rxbs }qdakeñodajj ej qdprjadñf `b qbx xbq}kfqjheb t pbfbxqborxd`j` bf rfk ldqlk% b~dob rfj

lrbxpb t rfj xbqrxxbaadñf& Bq be pbljhêqdak `be näxkb3 qjedx `b ek qborxk t bf,ixbfpjx ek `bqakfkad`k zrb `j ldb`k b

dfqborxd`j`&

Be näxkb `bhb qr}bxjx lranjq }xrbhjq&»]k`xê qr}bxjx ekq }bedoxkq;% »Pbf`xê beyjekx% be akfkadldbfpk t ej aj}jad`j`

zrb eb }bxldpj qbxydx j ekq `blêq; Benäxkb qdbl}xb qb qjaxdidaj }kx jeok qr}b,

xdkx j qì ldqlk&

@bqarhxdx t jqrldx frbqpxj ldqdñf&

Qkek jzrbe zrb jqrlb qr edhbxpj` bq xbq,

}kfqjheb t fk hrqaj b~arqjq&

J pxjyäq `b ej ndqpkxdj `be Xbt Ebñf% df,pbfpjxblkq dfpbx}xbpjx ej eranj }kx jqr,ldx frbqpxj ldqdñf% frbqpxk qbfpd`k `byd`j% ekq }bxìk`kq `b yjaìk b~dqpbfadje%akf pk`jq ejq }äx`d`jq t `rbekq zrb bqpk

dl}edaj jqì aklk ekq bfixbfpjldbfpkq fb,

abqjxdkq }jxj bfakfpxjx bf be kpxk% be lkpk

`b frbqpxj b~dqpbfadj&

Ej ndqpkxdj akldbfsj akf rf fjadldbfpkrfj frbyj yd`j& ―Nj fjad`k rf ndck% be ir

prxk xbt“& Ekq }j`xbq bqpêf kxoreekqkq takfpbfpkq& Rfj frbyj yd`j fkq akelj `bqbfpd`k% b~}bapjpdyjq b derqdkfbq& Bf bqpjbpj}j% akdfad`dlkq akf Bxdgqkf zrdbf njhej`b ej ―akfidjfsj hêqdaj“ zrb be fdúk `bhbj`zrdxdx }jxj qbordx j`bejfpb& Bqpj akfidjfsj pdbfb zrb ybx ìfpdljlbfpb akf qr lj`xbzrdbf bf xbqrld`jq arbfpjq `bhbxê pxjfqldpdxeb3 ―yjeb ej }bfj ydydx& J`bejfpb% akfi

ìj“&

J pxjyäq `be obqpk `b jesjxek% be qjabx`kpb}xbqbfpj je fdúk j ej aklrfd`j` aklk rffrbyk ldblhxk akf qr }xk}dj ldqdñf j qbxbjedsj`j& Bqpk qbxìj ek zrb bf }qdakekoìj qeejlj ―ej irfadñf }jpbxfj“% ej irfadñf zreb }bxldpb je }j`xb }xktbapjx bf qr ndck qr

dfpbfadñf `b axdjxek t b`rajxek&

Be fdúk axbab t lj`rxj% bfarbfpxj bf qrq}jxbq akl}júbxkq `b crbokq akf ekq arjebqqb `dydbxpb t j}xbf`b akqjq frbyjq& Qbxìj ekzrb Bxdgqkf eejlñ be ekoxk `b ej jrpkfklìj

be fdúk `bhb ybfabx qr ybxoõbfsj t ejfsjxqb j akfzrdqpjx be lrf`k&

J}jxbab erbok be yìfarek `be ndck akf be }j`xb bf `kf`b bqpb eb njab ybx zrb qr qbfpd`k `b yd`j bqpjxê edoj`k j rf Qr}xjqbfpd`kxbejadkfj`k akf ek zrb äe j}xbf`dñ bf ej yd`j3 ―Rf `ìj% be qke qb }kf`xê }jxj ld t xbfjabxê }jxj pd t pk`k bqpk qbxê prtk “&

Bf be yìfarek }j`xb,ndck qb }rb`b ybx aklkbe }bzrbúk Qdlhj yj dfakx}kxjf`k ek zrb

qb bq}bxj `b äe& Ej irfadñf `be }j`xb bq `blkqpxjxeb j qr ndck ejq b~}bapjpdyjq zrb pdbfb akf xbq}bapk j äe& Ekq }j`xbq `b nkt fk

zrdbxbf qbx ―ljekq“ akf qrq ndckq f―dfierdx“ bf qrq `badqdkfbq t bf akfqbarbfadj fk eb `dabf zrä bq}bxjf `b äe& @b bqpjljfbxj% be j`kebqabfpb fk qjhb zrä `bad`dx}rb`b k}kfbxqb j ek `b qrq }j`xbq k fk

]bxk bqj k}kqdadñf bq irf`jlbfpje bf ejj`kebqabfadj arêf`k qb bqpê jidxljf`k ej

}bxqkfjed`j` t qrixdbf`k ej }xdlbxj oxjf

]êodfj :>

NDQPKXDJQ QBFPD@JQEdhbxpj` t Xbq}kfqjhded`j` j ej ers `b (Be Xbt Ebñf(

https://docs.google.com/View?docid=0ATRCt4bK2PxrZGdtNXZtMzZfNWhjcGd4c2Q2&hl=es#sdfootnote5sym





]êodfj :4

]kx Jebcjf`xk `b Hjxhdbxd Q}qjeb`bhjxhdbxdMoljde&akl

axdqdq `b qbfpd`k3 »zrdäf qkt% zrdäf zrdb,xk qbx% zrä `bqbk% zrä zrdbxk njabx `b ld

yd`j;

Qbx }bxqkfj qdofdidaj fk qkek qbx edhxb qd,

fk pjlhdäf qbx xbq}kfqjheb3 ―Qbx be xbt bq lêq zrb njabx ek zrb rfk zrdbxb& Pk`k ek zrb ybq akb~dqpb bf rf `bedaj`k hjejfab&Aklk xbt fbabqdpjq bfpbf`bx bqb hjejfab t xbq}bpjx j pk`jq ejq axdjprxjq“& J pxjyäq

`b bqpb j}xbf`dsjcb% be }j`xb yj bfixbf,pjf`k je fdúk akf ejq edldpjadkfbq t }kx ekpjfpk akf ekq qrixdldbfpkq `b ej yd`j t `bbqj ljfbxj `bqjxxkeejf`k qr aj}jad`j`}jxj pkebxjx ej ixrqpxjadñf& Eb xbybej beqbfpd`k `b ej xbq}kfqjhded`j` }jxj zrb be

}bzrbúk akldbfab j `bcjx jpxêq be }ejabxaklk lkpdyjadñf }xdfad}je& Akldbfsj jj}jxbabx ej ykerfpj` `b qbfpd`k% lêq jeeê

`be }ejabx t `be }k`bx&

Aklk `dab Qjxpxb (aj`j nklhxb bq ek zrb

njab akf ek zrb ndadbxkf `b be(

Bqpb bq be `deblj `b Qdlhj% (zrb njnbank akf ek zrb ndadbxkf `b be;( T pk`jej qborf`j }jxpb `b ej }beìarej bq ej xbq,

}rbqpj j bqpj }xborfpj&

Kpxk akfab}pk bqbfadje zrb qb xb}dpb bfpk`j ej }beìarej bq be `be aìxarek `b ej yd, `j& Bfakfpxjlkq jzrì bqkq }rbfpbq bfpxb}jqj`k% }xbqbfpb t irprxk zrb fkq kxdbf,pjf t jtr`jf j bfakfpxjx be qbfpd`k `bekq qrabqkq `b frbqpxj yd`j& @b bqpj lj,fbxj% be }j`xb eb pxjfqldpb j qr ndck qrndqpkxdj t ek jtr`j j }xktbapjxqb bf be ir,prxk3 ―@äcjlb akfpjxpb jeok zrb ld }j`xb

lb akfpñ& Ldxj ejq bqpxbeejq& Ekq oxjf`bq

xbtbq `be }jqj`k fkq ldxjf `bq`b jzrb, eejq bqpxbeejq&&& arjf`k pb qdbfpjq qkek% xb, arbx`j j bqkq xbtbq zrb qdbl}xb bqpjxêf jeeì }jxj ordjxpb& Jnì pjlhdäf bqpjxä tk“& Bqpk bq ek zrb nb eejlj`k qbújebq `be qr}xjqbfpd`k& J pxjyäq `b bqpb bfarbfpxk%be }j`xb pklj akfpjapk akf ek zrb qr }xk,}dk }j`xb eb nj bfqbúj`k aklk rfj qbújezrb eb }bxldpb qbordx ajldfjf`k& @bhb,

lkq bqpjx jhdbxpkq j bqaranjx bqpjq qbúj,ebq zrb qkf jcbfjq j frbqpxj ykerfpj` t

fkq orìjf&

Bf be edhxk `b ]jxbcj,Nbxxbxj qkhxb Ixjfge

qb xbejpj rf nbank qdofdidajpdyk% zrb njaxbibxbfadj j arjf`k Ixjfge khpryk qr ydqj

}jxj dxqb j BBRR% t akf beek ej }kqdhded`j``b qjeyjx j qr ijldedj t j ej Ekokpbxj}djBf bqb lklbfpk qrixb rfj axdqdq `b qbfpd`k3 »Zrä `bhb njabx; »Qjeyjxqb k zrb`jxqb akf qrq }j`xbq; Bfpxj j ej ajpb`xje `bYdbfj j lb`dpjx t arêf`k qjeb bfarbfpxjrfj }db`xj zrb bxj rf xbqpk `b ej qdfjokojzrb njhìj qd`k `bqpxrì`j t ej eebyj j qrajqj& Qr }j`xb je ybxej eb `dab3 ―äqpj }db`xj pdbfb rfj ebpxj zrb qñek ikxlj }jxpb`b rf ljf`jldbfpk7 nkfxjxêq j pr }j`xb

t j pr lj`xb&“ Ixjfge dfpbx}xbpj bqpj qbúje % añlk rfj qbúje `be adbek qboóf

jidxlj% t `bad`b zrb`jxqb&

Bqj dfpbx}xbpjadñf bq }xk}dj `b Ixjfge t`b qr qbfpd`k `b yd`j `be lklbfpk7 kpxj

}bxqkfj }k`xìj njhbx dfpbx}xbpj`k zrb qr}j`xb eb zrbxìj `badx ―fkqkpxkq bqpjxblkhdbf ndck% ybpb bf }js“% bpa& Qdf blhjxokIxjfge bqaranj bqj qbúje t bfarbfpxj rfjfrbyj ldqdñf% ej ldqdñf `b ard`jx `b qrq

}j`xbq ldbfpxjq }rb`j&Ykeydbf`k je Xbt Ebñf% be pblj `b ej lrbxpb j}jxbab b~}eìadpjlbfpb }kx }xdlbxj ybs

arjf`k% je qjeyjx j qr ndck `b rfj bqpjl}d`j% be }j`xb lrbxb& Ej xbjaadñf `be }bzrbúk ebñf% `bhd`k je qbfpdldbfpk `b are

}j% bq `b nrì`j njadj ej fj`j% `bcjf`k pk`k jpxêq& Bqaj}j% fbojf`k ej xbjed`j`% takldbfsj j ydydx aklk qd fj`j nrhdbqbkarxxd`k% bf be xbdfk `b ―njgrfj ljpjpj“Bqpb bq be lrf`k `be }ejabx% `be ―qdf }xk

hebljq“7 zrb`j ―jpxj}j`k“ }kx ej ykerfpj``b }ejabx akf ek arje xb}xdlb ej ―are}jb~dqpbfadje“% t akldbfsj j ydydx bf rf

lrf`k nb`kfdqpj&

J xjìs `b ej fbojadñf `b ej lrbxpb .―jeokpbxxdheb nj }jqj`k% }bxk fk zrdbxk njhej`b beek“$% `b ej xbjed`j` t `bhd`k j ej `didarepj` }jxj bfixbfpjx ejq xbq}kfqjhded`j

`bq% yblkq aklk be }xkpjokfdqpj qb qrlbxob bf bqpb lrf`k qdf }xbkar}jadkfbq



t bf akfqbarbfadj% bf rfj ijepj `b qbfpd,

`k&

Bq arjf`k qb bfarbfpxj akf Fjej% qr jld,oj% zrdbf xb}xbqbfpj je ―kpxk+j“% zrb ak,

ldbfsj j qbfpdx bqj axdqdq `b qbfpd`k& Bekpxk fkq xbiebcj zrb bqpjlkq ydykq% t fkqlrbqpxj zrdbfbq qklkq3 ―*Bqpêq ydyk t

bxbq be XBT*“ & Be kpxk arl}eb qdbl}xb ejldqdñf `b jtr`jxfkq j qjedx `b fkqkpxkq

ldqlkq% jrpkpxjqabf`bxfkq t xbakx`jxzrb qñek qklkq bf ej lb`d`j bf zrb qk,

lkq }jxj jeordbf k jeok&

Qr jldoj eb `dab3 ―Pk`k be lrf`k axbb zrb bqpêq lrbxpk“ ?& Qdlhj% `b jeorfj ljfbxj%njhìj lrbxpk akf qr }j`xb& Nrtñ }jxj fkbfixbfpjxqb akf ej lrbxpb t akf qr qbfpd,`k `b yd`j& Bqpjhj lrbxpk }jxj ekq `b qraklrfd`j`% t pjlhdäf }jxj qì ldqlk%}kxzrb fk bxj zrdbf `bhìj qbx& Bf be bf,arbfpxk akf be Kpxk% xb,ydyb% qjeb `b qì% t

akldbfsj qr }xkabqk `b bejhkxjadñf t `b

arxjadñf&

Arjf`k Fjej eb `dab j Qdlhj ―pr bxbq be Xbt“ % äe xbq}kf`b3 ―Fk% tk fk“ & Fdboj }jxjfk jqrldx qr d`bfpd`j` t qr ldqdñf&

Arêfpjq ybabq `badlkq bf }ebfk }xkabqk`b bejhkxjadñf3 ―»]kx zrä j lì;“& Lranjqybabq% bqpjq bpj}jq qb ydybf crfpjq% ej fb,ojadñf akf be bfkck t ej xjhdj& Erbok j}j,xbabxìj ej bpj}j `be ―xbojpbk“% bf ej arje ej}bxqkfj qdf jab}pjx ek zrb eb }jqj% hrqajfbokadjx qkeradkfbq idapdadjq .}kx bcbl}ek3―qd yrbeyk j ej doebqdj% lb arxjxä“ k ―qd lbxbakfadedk akf ld }j`xb% ykeybxê j ajqj“bpa&$& Idfjelbfpb arjf`k pk`k bqpk fk `jxbqrepj`k% ej }bxqkfj qb `b}xdlb .Arjf`k

Qdlhj `dab3 ―fj`db lb fbabqdpj“$&

Be ckybf ebñf akfpdfrj dfpbfpjf`k byj`dxej xbq}kfqjhded`j` jidxljf`k ―Ejq akqjq ljejq }jqjf… »}jxj zrä }xbkar}jx,

qb;“& ]bxk Ejfj ek bfixbfpj akf qr ldqdñf t akf ej rfdad`j` `b aj`j qbx3 ―Ydfb j hrq,

ajx jtr`j t pb bfakfpxä j pd% pr bxbq frbq, pxj ófdaj bq}bxjfsj“ & Qñek äe }rb`b njabxek zrb eb pkaj xbjedsjx bf ej yd`j% t ófdaj

bq ej k}kxprfd`j` }jxj xbjedsjx bqb qbfpd`k

aklk jidxlj Ixjfge&

Jóf ixbfpb je }b,`d`k `b jtr`j t ejjidxljadñf `b zrbekq kpxkq ek fbab,qdpjf% be }xkpjok,fdqpj fk }rb`bjqrldx qr yd`j tbfakfpxjx qr aj,ldfk& Bqpj xbqdq,pbfadj fkq xb,arbx`j ej `didare,pj` zrb }xbqbfpj%

bf obfbxje% rfj }bxqkfj zrb bqpê }jqjf`k}kx rf `rbek k rfj axdqdq `b yjaìk b~dqpbfadje& J }bqjx `b ej }xbqbfadj `b kpxkq% `b ej

jtr`j `b ekq `blêq% qd ej }bxqkfj qb bfarbfpxj bf ej bpj}j `b fbojadñf% `bhbxêydydx aj`j bpj}j t qñek fkq zrb

`j jakl}jújx&

Be ajlhdk karxxb idfjelbfpb% arjf`k ekoxj xbakx`jx & Njhìj keyd`j`k j qr }j`xb t}kx ek pjfpk njhìj keyd`j`k zrdbf bxj äe& Jxbakx`jxek% akl}xbf`b zrb qr }j`xb ydybf äe t xbarbx`j bfpkfabq `b `kf`b ydbfb tzrdbf bq äe& Xbpklj jqì qr erojx bf b

aìxarek `b ej yd`j t bf ybs `b qbord

nrtbf`k `be }jqj`k% j}xbf`b `b äe }jxjqbx be zrb bqpê eejlj`k j qbx&

Bqpb }xkabqk bf ej }beìarej qb `j oxjadjq j`dêekok zrb bqpjhebab akf be lkfk% zrdbfxb}xbqbfpjxìj je ―arxj`kx“% be qjabx`kpb

be }qdañekok&

Bf qrlj% be ajldfk }kx frbqpxj edhbxpj`bq }jqjx ( `b yìapdljq j }xkpjokfdqpjq(% pkljx ej yd`j bf ldq ljfkq% t `bcjx `b b~arqjxlb bf ld ndqpkxdj % }jxj fk qjedx j`b

ejfpb

Arjf`k rfk jqrlb ej edhbxpj`% bqpj qkek}bxk `bq`b bqj qkeb`j`% zrb dl}edaj akxjc}kx bfixbpfjx ej jforqpdj qb qjeb ikxpjebad`k t joxj`bad`k njadj frbqpxj ndqpkxdj% xbakfadedj`kq akf beejq t }xktbapj`kq j rf

irprxk bq}bxjfsj`kx zrb fkq bq}bxj&

]kx bqk ej }beìarej pbxldfj akf be fjadldbfpk `b Andjxj% ej ndcj `b Qdlhj t Fjej

aklk qìlhkek `b ek frbyk&

]êodfj 8=






»Arêf`k aklbfsjlkq j xbìxfkq; Bf be ydbfpxb ljpbxfk&

Rfj }jadbfpb `b adbxpj b`j` eb }xborfpj je `kapkx3

, Kdoj `kapkx% arjf`k qrhk ej }bf`dbfpb }jxj eebojx j ld ajqj lb ijpdok lranìqdlk%»Zrä lb jakfqbcj pkljx; T be lä`dak eb xbq}kf`b3 , Rf pj~d% qbúkxj&

―L kydldbfpk `b ej hkaj t kpxjq }jxpbq `be xkqpxk% zrb `blrbqpxj jeboxìj .…$ Yks k qkfd`k zrb jakl}júj j

ej xdqj&“ Bqj bq ej `bidfd,adñf `be @daadkfjxdk `b ej Xbje Jaj`bldj

Bq}júkej&

Qdf blhjxok% ljq zrb rf qdl}eb lkyd,ldbfpk obqprje k zrb rf qkfd`k joxj`j,

heb% b~dqpb rf b~pxjúk ldqpbxdk bf ek zrbdl}edaj be japk ykerfpjxdk k dfykerfpjxdk`b ej xdqj& Qkfd`kq ykaêedakq% lkydldbf,pkq `djixjolêpdakq% jrlbfpk `b }xbqdñfqjforìfbj% `dejpjadñf `b }r}dejq% edhbxj,adñf `b jdxb }kx }jxpb `b ekq }relkfbq jljq `b :==glq }kx nkxj% pk`k }jxj yke,ybx j aklbfsjx bqpb }xkabqk& Rfj xdqj qd,

orb j ej kpxj&

Lrankq dfybqpdoj`kxbq zrb njf bqpr`dj`kej }qdakidqdkekoìj `b ej xdqj% njf bfakfpxj,

`k zrb bf rfj ybx`j`bxj xdqj ljq `b 0==lóqarekq }jxpdad}jf `b bqpb lkydldbfpk%jrlbfpjf`k ej k~dobfjadñf% edhbxjf`k bf,`kxidfjq% dfaxblbfpjf`k be qdqpblj dflr,fkeñodak% ijykxbadbf`k ej qb~rjed`j`

ldbfpxjq qb aklhjpb je bqpxäq% k}pdldsjf,`k ej }xk`rapdyd`j`% ijadedpjf`k ej axbjpd,

yd`j` t lrank ljq&

@bq`b bqpj akfab}adñf }qdakidqdkeñodaj%qrxob ej xdqkpbxj}dj% aklk rfj nbxxj,ldbfpj }jxj lbckxjx ej ajed`j` `b yd`j `b

`dqpdfpkq }jadbfpbq& Qr }xdfad}je idfjed`j`bq }xklkybx ej xdqj aklk rf xbarxqk trfj nbxxjldbfpj qjfj`kxj }jxj lbckxjxej ajed`j` `b yd`j& ―.Ej xdqj$ fk qñek pdbfb

ajxjapbxìqpdajq qkadjebq xbejadkfj`jq akf

ej fbabqd`j` nrljfj `b bqpjhebabx yìfarekqjibapdykq ‑ aklrfdajpdykq% qdfk zrb `bhb pbfbx rfj irfadñf hdkeñodaj% zrb qb xbejadkfjakf ej }xk`raadñf `b qrqpjfadjq bf`ñobfjaklk ejq bf`kxidfjq&“ .CDLBFBS% 8==?$

Arjf`k njhejlkq `b zrb ej xdqj dfaertb jej pkpjed`j` `b ej }bxqkfj% qjhblkq }kx ekj}kxpbq `be @x& Ixjfge% zrb be qbfpd`k `bnrlkx% lrank ljq jl}edk zrb ej xdqj% }bxzrb ej dfaertb% bq }jxpb `b ej `dlbfqdñf bq}dxdprje `be nklhxb& Jxdqpñpbebq bf qr pxjpj`k ―Qkhxb be jelj“% xbqajpj zrb ej xdqj bq ekzrb `dibxbfadj je nklhxb `be xbqpk `b ek

jfdljebq&

Bq `badx% zrb }kx rf ej`k ej xdqj j}kxpj jnklhxb ej }kqdhded`j` `b edhbxjx bf`kxidfjzrb jtr`jf j qr hdbfbqpjx }qdakiìqdak& T jldqlk pdbl}k% fkq `dqpdforb aklk nrljfkq& J ej jidxljadñf `b Jxdqpñpbebq }k`xìjlkq arbqpdkfjxej rf }kak& @jxwdf bf qrpxjpj`k qkhxb ejq b~}xbqdkfbq `b ejq blk

adkfbq% njhej `b zrb ej xdqj }rb`b pbfbqrq kxìobfbq bf ejq ikxljq bf ej zrb ek}xdljpbq `blrbqpxjf qr jeboxìj bfpxb boxr}k& Dfaertbf`k jzrì be jq}bapk qkadj

zrb ej xdqj akfeebyj& @baìjlkq je }xdfad}dzrb ej xdqj bfpxb rfj `b qrq jab}adkfbq bej `b `blkqpxjx jeboxìj& T }k`blkq `badxzrb ekq jfdljebq }rb`bf `blkqpxjx jeboxìjQdf blhjxok% axbk zrb Ixjfge fkq `j ej xbq

}rbqpj j bqpb `deblj&

]jxj bqk njt zrb `dibxbfadjx ej xdqj `b

qbfpd`k `be nrlkx& Rfb }bxqkfj zrb pdbfqbfpd`k `be nrlkx% qborxjlbfpb qb xìj& Qdf

blhjxok% fk pk`jq ejq }bxqkfjq zrb xìbf

pdbfbf qbfpd`k `be nrlkx&

Bf rfj jl}edj `dibxbfadjadñf% ej xdqj xbq}kf`b ljq j rf lkydldbfpk }qdakidqdkekodak& Ej xdqj fkq }bxldpb `bq}ebojx frlbxkqkq }xkabqkq }qdakidqdqdkekodakq% }xkabqkzrìldakq t bcbxadadkq qjer`jhebq& Ldbfpxjzrb be qbfpd`k `be nrlkx j}bej j ej aj}jad`j` `b k}kqdadñf `be bq}ìxdpr% je jrpk

`dqpjfadjldbfpk zrb jtr`j j ej }bxqkfj jxkl}bx akf ekq aìxarekq }jpkeñodakq `b ej

jforqpdj `bqaxd}pkq }kx Ixjfge&

]êodfj 8:

NDQPKXDJ @B EJ XDQJ

Be `bqarhxdldbfpk `b ej Jfjf`jld`j ]kx Anjank Ojxjhje



j xbìxfkq; Tk axbìj zrb ej xdqj aklbfsj,hj j ekq }xdlbxkq `ìjq `b xbadäf fjad`k%bf be akfpjapk akf ej lj`xb& Qdf blhjx,ok% njt dfybqpdoj`kxbq `bq`b ej fbrxk}b,

`jokodj njf `blkqpxj`k zrb fk&

―Be fdúk dfpxjrpbxdfk“ pdbfb ej aj}jad`j`%`bq`b qr }bxìk`k blhxdkfjxdk% `b }xk`r, adx qrq }xk}djq lb`dajlbfpkq t brikxd, sjfpbq& Bfpxb bqpjq qrqpjfadjq ajhb `bq, pjajx ej jfj`dld`j .…$ zrb eb }xk`rabf je

ibpk bqpj`kq lrt oxjf`bq `b jeboxìj t `b }ejabx bf ej ijqb fbrxkeó`daj k bf ej ijqb }xdljxdj `b `bqjxxkeek“ .CDLBFBS&% 8==?$

»Zrä bq ej Jfjf`jld`j;

Bq rf akl}rbqpk zrìldak kxoêfdak zrbjibapj je qdqpblj fbxydkqk abfpxje tje qdqpblj fbxydkqk }bxdiäxdak bf `dybxqjqxbodkfbq `be arbx}k% }jxpdad}jf`k pjl,hdäf bf be }xkabqk `b ej lblkxdj% benjlhxb% be qrbúk t be jedydk `be `kekx&»@ñf`b bfakfpxjlkq bqpb akl}rbqpkzrìldak; Bfpxb qrq irbfpbq fjprxjebq

}xdfad}jebq qb bfarbfpxjf be ajajk% bf beankakejpb&

Crqpjlbfpb be fklhxb `b bqpb akl}rbq,pk `bxdyj `b ej }jejhxj ―Jfjf`j“ zrb qdo,fdidaj `be qêfqaxdpk ―jeboxìj“% ―ibedad`j`“&]bxqkfjcb pjlhdäf xbakfkad`k }kx qbx be}xdlk nbxljfk `b Hr`j ndqpñxdak t rfk`b qrq `dqaì}rekq& Bf Jebljfdj% rf bqpr,`dk `b ej Rfdybxqd`j` Kppk,ykf,Orbxdagb`b Ljo`bhrxo nj `bqarhdbxpk zrb bqpbbf`kajffjhdfkd`bq }xkpbob j ejq aäerejq`be abxbhxk `b ej dfiejljadñf& Ekq bqpr,

`dkq xbybejf j bqpb akl}rbqpk aklk rf―orjx`dêf“ zrb jtr`j je Qdqpblj Fbxydk,qk abfpxje& T bf jeorfkq ej`kq qb eb `b,fkldfj% ej ajffjhdq zrb fjprxjelbfpb}xk`rab be arbx}k& Jeok zrb ekq dfybqpd,

oj`kxbq }k`xìjf eebojx j xbejadkfjx akfej `didarepj` bf qr}bxjx `dqpdfpjq j`daadk,fbq& T }kx jeok qb nj akfaerd`k ej `dib,xbfadj bfpxb ej xdqj `be fdúk t ej `be

j`repk& ―Je }xdfad}dk ekq fdúkq ej rpdedsjf aklk rfj ikxlj `b aklrfdajadñf t `bq,

}räq qb akfydbxpb bf rfj akf`rapj blkadkfje7 rf fdúk `b 9 júkq xìb bfpxb rfjq 1== j 0== ybabq je `ìj% rf j`repk ek njab qñek bfpxb :2 t :== yb, abq t ekq j`repkq ljtkxbq

qkfxìbf lbfkq `b >= ybabq `djxdjq7 ejq }bxqkfjq lêq xdqrbújq jeajfsjf :== xdqjq j`ìj t ejq lbfkq jeboxbq j}bfjq eebojf j:2&“ .ANXDQPDJF% XJLKQ% QRQJFDHJX

HJEJXBSK% 8==0$

Aeìfdajq `b ej Xdqj

Be }dkfbxk `b bqpb pd}k `b dfqpdpradkfbq njqd`k be @x& Nrfpbx ―]jpan“ J`jlq% artjdljobf xbje `didbxb lrank `be akfkad`k bf

ej }beìarej& Qdf blhjxok% nkt ek―}jtjlb`dakq“ qb njtjf `dq}bxqkq bf pk`kbe lrf`k kixbadbf`k akfoxbqkq% pxjhjcjf`

bf ekq nkq}dpjebq t bf ej ajeeb&

Be irf`j`kx `b rfj Aeìfdaj `b ej Xdqj bf

Ekf`xbq% Xkhbxp Nke`bf% j}rfpj j obfbxj}xkabqkq axbjpdykq zrb }bxldpjf be `bq}edborb `b frbyjq bqpxjpbodjq `b hdbfbqpjx }bxqkfje& Rfk `b qrq ebljq% ―qd jtr`jq j j

ordbf j xbìx% eb bqpjq jtr`jf`k j ydydx“

Xkhbxp ]xkydfb% }xkibqkx `b }qdakekoìj tfbrxkadbfadj `b ej Rfdybxqd`j` `b Ljxtejf`% nj bqpr`dj`k ekq lbajfdqlkq abxbhxjebq `b ej xdqj t j}kxpj qr ydqdñf qkadjeBf `dybxqjq dfqpdpradkfbq qb aklhdfjf akfbcbxadadkq `b hjdeb% iklbfpjf`k ej akfadbfadj `be ―jzrì t jnkxj“% dfabfpdyjf`k ej bq

}kfpjfbd`j` t ej axbjpdyd`j`&

]k`xìjlkq pkljx lranjq ybabq `bq`b ejekokpbxj}dj% be eblj `b pk`kq zrdbfbq pxjhj cjf bf be Dfqpdprpk Obqrf`nbd `be @J`jlq3 ―Qbx jeboxb% `dybxpd`k% bfajfpj`kx

akk}bxjpdyk t axbjpdyk“&

Bq `badx% qb dfykeraxj be arbx}k& Jeok zrb jybabq ekq }qdañekokq `bcjlkq rf }kak `b ej

`k& T xbakx`jf`k j Ixjfge% be arbx}k aklk―rf qbxyd`kx“ zrb qb }kfb je qbxydadk `be pk

]êodfj 88

Anjank Ojxjhje

Ajxekq ―Anjank“ Ojxjhje bq Edabfadj`k bf]qdakekoìj .RAJ$% japkx t jrpkx `b pbjpxk&



`k& T pjlhdäf }k`xìjlkq joxbojx `b―lbfqjcbxk“ `b ejq akqjq zrb fk qb }rb,

`bf `badx k qbfpdx&

BE NRLKX% EJ ]QDAKPBXJ]DJ T BE JELJ

Ixbr` pkljhj ej xdqj aklk rf beblbfpkedhbxj`kx `b pbfqdkfbq t `b bfbxoìj fboj,

pdyj& Pjlhdäf be }j`xb `be }qdakjfêedqdqaklbfpj zrb be nrlkx }rb`b pxjfqikxljxbe qrixdldbfpk bf }ejabx % bydpjf`k ekqbibapkq fbojpdykq `b rfj qdprjadñf―qjepêf`kekq“ akf rfj hxklj% zrdpjf`k ej}kqdhded`j` `b b~pbxdkxdsjx pjebq qbfpd,

ldbfpkq .:48?$Jehbxp Beedq% rfk `b ekq irf`j`kxbq `b ejxjlj akofdpdyj `b ej }qdakekoìj% `bcj bfaejxk zrb ―ej }bxprxhjadñf blkadkfje qrbeb akfqdqpdx bf b~jobxjx ej dl}kxpjfadj `b ejq akqjq“ % pkljf`k bfpkfabq lb`d`jq b~pxj,yjojfpbq }jxj xkl}bx bqpkq }bfqjldbfpkq

xbarxxbfpbq&

Aejxk zrb ej akfab}adñf `be qbfpd`k `benrlkx zrb j}kxpj be @x& Ixjfge% jhjxaj

rfj akfab}adñf lrank ljq pkpjedsj`kxj t ljq dfpboxj`kxj `b qr xbejadñf akf ej}bxqkfj nrljfj t ej qjer`& Be qbfpd`k`be nrlkx% bq akfqd`bxj`k }kx Ixjfge% ak,lk rf ―jxlj“ je qbxydadk `b ej qr}bxyd,ybfadj `be jelj& Ixjfge je }jxbabx qb qr,

lj j pk`kq jzrbeekq t eb `j je nrlkx qr`dlbfqdñf nrljfj% bq}dxdprje t qjfj`k,xj& Bq `badx% akfqd`bxjlkq bf }xdlbx er,ojx ekq hbfbidadkq }qdakidqdkekodakq `b xbìx,fkq% xbqrld`k bf be ]xkybxhdk :?%883 (Be

akxjsñf jeboxb akfqpdprtb hrbf xblb`dk“& Pjlhdäf akfqd`bxjlkq qrq hbfbidadkq qk,

adjebq .aklk qr ajxêapbx akfpjodkqk% xbej, cjadñf `b rf oxr}k `b `bqakfkad`kq% ak,lrfdajadñf dfpbx}bxqkfje% bpa&$& T }kx re,pdlk% xbqajpjf`k ej `dlbfqdñf }xk}dj,lbfpb nrljfj% `bqaxd}pj }kx Ixjfge% ak,lk rfj nbxxjldbfpj je qbxydadk `be jelj&T aklk xbarbx`j be @x& Ojxaìj ]dfpkq%

―njt nrlkx qdf andqpb“ &

Aejxk zrb be nrlkx }rb`b qbxydx }jxj ejq

ikhdjq% ejq fbrxkqdq khqbqdyjq% ejq fbrxkqdqqb~rjebq t lranjq kpxjq }qdak}jpkekoìjqQdf blhjxok% `bhblkq akfqd`bxjx zrb bnrlkx bq rfj oxjf nbxxjldbfpj }jxj ej

qjer`& @bq`b ej qjer` t }jxj ej qjer`% bnrlkx bq rfj ijarepj` }jxj qbx }xjapdaj`jpk`kq ekq `ìjq& @bq`b bcbxadadkq% aklk ldxjxqb je bq}bck t xbìxqb qdf ljq% }jxj zrberbok qrxcj ej xdqj ybx`j`bxj .lrt bibapdyk$% njqpj xbar}bxjx ej aj}jad`j` `b crbokakpd`djfk t `b hxkljq qjfjq bf be `ìj j

`ìj& Akf rfj qkfxdqj% qb }rb`b ajlhdjx b`ìj `b rfj }bxqkfj& Akf ekoxjx qjajx rfjqkfxdqj }kx }jxpb `be kpxk% }k`blkq khpb

fbx fkqkpxkq rfj qkfxdqj oxjprdpjlbfpb&

―Be nrlkx bq rf qrqrxxk `be jelj% zrb dl }ekxj j ej lbfpb t je arbx}k zrb qb xbejcbft zrb yrbeyjf j bqpjx bf }js“ `dab rf }xkybxhdk jfñfdlk& T bf }jejhxjq `be }dkfbxk@x& J`jlq% ―}xbkar}jxpb }kx pr }xñcdlk fk

qkek njab rf `ìj lbckx% qdfk pjlhdäf rflrf`k lbckx&(& Jzrì yblkq dfpboxj`kq ejijarepj` `b jrpk,`dqpjfadjldbfpk t `b jrpk,pxjqabf`bfadj& Ydyjlkq ek zrb `badlkq Pjf qkek }xk}kfok zrb nkt qjzrblkq rfj

qkfxdqj j jeordbf t akfpjodjx bqpb }b`d`k&

Xdfo% xdfo&&&, »Qd; , ª@kapkx% `kapkx% ld lrcbx bqpê j }rfpk `b `jx jers* , »Bq qr }xdlbx ndck; , Fk% qkt qr ljxd`k&

HDHEDKOXJIDJNke`bf% X& .8=::$ Xdqkpbxj}dj3 Ej Lbckx Lb`dadfj& B }k`bx arxjpdyk `be hrbf nrlkx t ej ibedad`j`& Hjxabekfj3 B`& Kfdxk

Ixjfge% Y& .:448$ Pbkxìj t Pbxj}dj `b ejq FbrxkqdqHjxabekfj3 B`& Nbx`bx

Ixjfge% Y& .:4?>$ ]qdakjfêedqdq t B~dqpbfadjedqlkLä~dak3 Ikf`k `b Areprxj Bakfñldaj

Ixjfge% Y& .:44:$ Be nklhxb bf hrqaj `b qbfpd`kHjxabekfj3 B`& Nbx`bx

Cdlbfbs% A& .8==?$ Ej xdqkpbxj}dj & Akeklhdj3 ]rhedajadkf Rfdybxqd`j` Edhxb Qbaadkfje ]bxbdxj

]êodfj 81



Ljepxjpk `b jfadjfkq& Ijapkxbq `b xdbqok

E

j qdprjadñf `b ydkebfadj t ljepxj,pk bq adbxpjlbfpb `diìade `b jfpdad,

}jx& Irf`jlbfpjelbfpb }kxzrblranjq ybabq ―b~}ekpj“ bf rfj

adxarfqpjfadj t `bcj qr qbarbej k qb dfq,pjej aklk lk`k njhdprje `b xbejadñf bf,pxb ljepxjpj`kx t ljepxjpj`k& @b pk`kqlk`kq }k`blkq }ejfpbjx rfj qbxdb `b―ijapkxbq `b xdbqok“ zrb }k`xìjf jtr`jx,fkq j jfpdad}jx bqj b~}ekqdñf k }xbybfdx,ej& Bf be dfpbfpk `b qdqpbljpdsjx k}bxjpd,

yjlbfpb bqpj dfikxljadñf% ej }xbqbfpjxb,lkq j lk`k `b edqpj`k% dfaertbf`k ekq

qdordbfpbq ìpblq% j qjhbx3

:$ Qdprjadñf `b `b}bf`bfadj `be jfadjfk

Pk`j qdprjadñf `b `b}bf`bfadj `be jf,adjfk% }rb`b qdofdidajx rf ijapkx `b xdbq,ok `b ljepxjpk k ydkebfadj bf qr akfpxj&]jxpdarejxlbfpb fkq `bpbfblkq bf ej―`b}bf`bfadj irfadkfje“ `b jzrbeejq }bx,qkfjq zrb fk qkf jrpkyêed`jq& Arjfpk

lêq qbxydadk fbabqdpbf .bf xjsñf `b qrdfyjed`bs$ % lêq bqpêf j xdbqok `b qbxljepxjpj`kq& Bf xdokx `b ybx`j`% }k`xìj,lkq }xbqbfpjxek `b ej qdordbfpb ljfbxj3

arjf`k ekq xbzrbxdldbfpkq `be ard`j`k }rb`jf b~ab`bx ekq xbarxqkq `be ard`j, `kx% b~}kfblkq j jlhkq j rfj `dfêldaj ydkebfpj t `b ljepxjpk & ]kxzrb je ybxqbqr}bxj`k bf qr }kqdhded`j` `b xbq}rbqpj%be ard`j`kx je ybxqb `bqhkx`j`k% qrbebxbjaadkfjx akf ydkebfadj& ]bfqblkq bf

ej qbúkxj zrb qb kar}j `be ard`j`k `b qrbq}kqk nbld}eäcdak3 qd bqb ard`j`k ej qr,}bxj .}kxzrb fk eb `jf ejq irbxsjq% bl,}dbsj j qrixdx `b `kekxbq `b bq}je`j% beljxd`k bq nd}bx`bljf`jfpb% fk pdbfbpdbl}k }jxj kar}jxqb `b beej ldqlj% qr,lj`k j ej jforqpdj `b pbfbx zrb jqbjxekj qr bq}kqk jóf bf ek lêq ìfpdlk akfpk`k ek zrb ydybfadjelbfpb beek eb xb}xb,qbfpj% bpa$% pjx`b k pbl}xjfk bq }xkhjhebzrb pbxldfb ljepxjpêf`kek k qdbf`k ydk,

ebfpj akf äe&

Ek ldqlk karxxb akf ej `b}bf`bfadj bakfñ

ldaj k blkadkfje& Bf pk`kq ekq ajqkq% yjejzrbe ldqlk }xdfad}dk& ]kx bqk ldqlk% pb

fblkq zrb bqpjx jpbfpkq j ekq xbarxqkq `bard`j`kx t bf zrä lb`d`j qb jcrqpjf k }rb`bf xbq}kf`bx k}bxjpdyjlbfpb j ejq `bljf

`jq `be ard`j`k&

8$ Jepbxjadñf `b ejq irfadkfbq akofdpdyjq

Rfj }bxqkfj zrb qb yb jibapj`j }kx `bpbxdkxkq akofdpdykq% akf xb`raadñf `b ejq aj}jad`j`bq irfadkfjebq dfpbebaprjebq% }rb`b qbiêadelbfpb khcbpk `b jeoóf pd}k `b ydkebfadj

t ljepxjpk& Qbx hrxej`j% bqpjij`j jóf blkfb`jq `b rf yrbepk% bpa&

1$ Jdqejldbfpk qkadje

Rfj }bxqkfj zrb fk pdbfb ixbarbfpb akfpjapk akf qr ijldedj% jldokq r kpxjq idorxjq `

akfidjfsj% pjlhdäf bq iêade yìapdlj `b `dib

xbfpbq ikxljq `b jhrqk t ljepxjpk&

0$ Akfydybfadjq jibapj`jq }kx ajrqjq b~pbxfjq

Arjf`k rf jfadjfk }jqj j akfydydx akfkpxjq }bxqkfjq% qdf jarbx`k k }ejfdidajadñf

}xbydj% qdfk }kx dl}bxdk `b adxarfqpjfadjzrb qb dl}kfbf% ej `dfêldaj ydkebfpj brfj }kqdhded`j`& ]kx bcbl}ek% arjf`k bjfadjfk }jqj j akfydydx akf ej ijldedj `rf ndck zrb ek xbadhb }kxzrb qr }j`xb tj fk}rb`b ydydx lêq qkek% }bxk zrb fk ek pbfìj

bf ekq }ejfbq t zrb jnkxj `bhb jcrqpjx ej`dfêldaj `b qr nkojx j bqpj frbyj jepbxfj

pdyj&

2$ Arjf`k akfydyb akf rf ard`j`kx akf jepbxjadkfbq }qdakeñodajq k blkadkfjebq k nêhdpkq akfiedapdykq

Lranjq ybabq bfakfpxjlkq jfadjfkq j

ard`j`k `b }bxqkfjq zrb fk qb bfarbfpxjf

bf akf`dadkfbq blkadkfjebq `b arl}edx akf

]êodfj 80

LJEPXJPK T YDKEBFADJ BF EJ YBCBS .8£ ]jxpb$]kx Aejr`dk Ojxaìj ]dfpkq



bqpj irfadñf& ]bxqkfjq akf `bqbzrdedhxdkqblkadkfjebq% qkadjebq% akf akfiedapkq bfqrq yd`jq }bxqkfjebq k akf nêhdpkq `bakfiedapk .}&b& jeaknkedqlk$ Bf bqpjq adx,arfqpjfadjq% bq ixbarbfpb zrb qb dfqpjebbe ljepxjpk `b jeorfj bq}badb& Bf kajqdk,fbq% be ard`j`kx fk eb j`ldfdqpxj ej lb`d,ajadñf je jfadjfk aklk akxxbq}kf`b% }jxjxbqbxyjx jeorfjq }jqpdeejq }jxj qr }xk}dkakfqrlk% qdf ̀ bejpjx be nbank& Kpxjq% }kxbibapk `b qr jeaknkedqlk% pbxldfj `bqard,`jf`k je jfadjfk bf ek akpd`djfk% k eb zrd,

pj be `dfbxk }jxj crojx j ej zrdfdbej&

Jzrì pjlhdäf dfaerdlkq be nbank `b jzrb,eekq jfadjfkq je ard`j`k `b kpxk jfadjfk

.}&b& qr añftrob% rf nbxljfk k }xdlk%rfj jqdqpbfpb% bpa$ Qr}bxj`k be ard`j,`kx% tj `dcdlkq% j}jxbab be ljepxjpk& Bf

bqpb ajqk% njxìj adbxpk jzrbe xbixêf }k}r,ejx% zrb `dab ―pó% zrb akfpdok fk }rb`bq%

eeäyjlb j arbqpjq“&

@bqyjekxdsjadñf `be xke `be jfadjfk

Adxarfqpjfadj zrb lranjq ybabq bfakf,pxjlkq bf jeorfjq ijldedjq& Njhejlkq`be xke `be jfadjfk bf obfbxje t `be `b bq,pb jfadjfk bf }jxpdarejx& Bq `badx% ej `bq,ajedidajadñf `b ekq ydbckq bf obfbxje k ej `bbqpb df`dyd`rk% jnkxj bfybcbad`k t j ldard`j`k% bf }jxpdarejx& ―Qdbl}xb irb rf yjok t jnkxj `bhk ard`jxek“% ―frfaj ndadq,

pb fj`j }kx lì t jnkxj lb fbabqdpêq “% bpa&

Pbfbx lrankq hdbfbq t }xk}db`j`bq

Bf kajqdkfbq% eebojx j ydbck akf be ekoxk `bhdbfbq t }xk}db`j`bq% fk xbqrbeyb ej yd`j`b bqb df`dyd`rk fd ej njab qborxj% qdfkpk`k ek akfpxjxdk& Ej `bibfqj `b bqk ek,oxj`k k be jebxpj }jxj fk qbx `bixjr`j`k}rb`bf eebojx j akfqpdprdxqb bf adxarfq,

pjfadjq zrb lje`dojf be ekoxk bf arbqpdñf&

?$ Ndqpkxdj `b akfiedapk `b ejxoj `jpj

Df`dyd`rkq zrb pdbfbf }kx jfpbab`bfpb

rfj ndqpkxdj akf yìfarekq akfiedapdykq% }kbcbl}ek% akf qr ijldedj% t jnkxj fbabqdp`b beekq }jxj fk zrb`jxqb qkek k xbadhd

jeoóf qbxydadk&

Pbfdbf`k bf arbfpj bqpkq ―ijapkxbq `b xdbqok“% zrb qdl}eblbfpb }xbpbf`bf eejljx ejjpbfadñf qkhxb bybfprjebq `dq}jxj`kxbq `rfj `dfêldaj ydkebfpj t ljepxjpj`kxj}k`xìjlkq ‑ njadbf`k ej ldqlj qjeyb`j`ljxajx jeorfkq ―oxr}kq `b xdbqok “ `

ljepxjpk t ydkebfadj& Ybjlkq3

Jfadjfkq zrb ydybf bf qr `kldadedk% bf

dfqpdpradkfbq k bf be `be ard`j`kxzrb xbzrdbxbf frlbxkqkq ard`j`k t zrb b~ab`bf k b~ab`bxêf ej aj}j

ad`j` `be ard`j`kx }jxj jqrldxekq

Jfadjfkq artkq ard`j`kxbq b~}xbqjf kljfdidbqpjf ixrqpxjadñf bf xbejadñfakf ej xbq}kfqjhded`j` `b jqrld`dank }j}be t lrbqpxjf }äx`d`j `b

akfpxke `b ej qdprjadñf

Jfadjfkq artkq ard`j`kxbq }xbqbfpjf

qdofkq `b bqpxäq% jepbxjadñf blkadkfje k nêhdpkq `b akfiedapk

Jfadjfkq zrb ydybf akf ijldedjxbq akfekq zrb nj pbfd`k rfj ndqpkxdj }xbydj`b ydkebfadj k zrb pdbfbf beekq ldq

lkq nêhdpkq ydkebfpkq `b akfydybf

adj

Jfadjfkq zrb ydybf bf rf bfpkxfk ijldedjx }bxprxhj`k }kx kpxjq ajrqj.}äx`d`j `b pxjhjck `be ard`j`kx

}&b& be ndck,% xbejadkfbq akftrojeb

`bpbxdkxj`jq% bfibxlb`j`bq% bpa$

]bxidebq

Pkljf`k bf arbfpj ejq dfybqpdojadkfblêq japrjebq t pklêf`kej aklk rfj dfikxljadñf `b xbibxbfadj% }k`xìjlkq bqpjheb

abx ajxjapbxìqpdajq qjedbfpbq `b ek zr

]êodfj 82

Ej }xdlbxj }jxpb `b bqpb jxparek irb }rhedaj`k bf ej b`dadñf `b kaprhxb `b EKOKXB@



}k`xìjlkq eejljx be }bxide `be ljepxjpj,

`kx t `be ljepxjpj`k& Ybjlkq3

]bxide `be LJEPXJPJ@KX

:$ XBEJADKF @B ]JXBFPBQAK

Akfpxjxdjlbfpb j ek zrb dfdadjelbfpb}rb`b qr}kfbxqb% j ljtkx abxajfìj jiba,pdyj bfpxb ljepxjpj`kx t ljepxjpj`k% lj, tkx xdbqok `b ljepxjpk& Qboóf ejq dfybq,pdojadkfbq% be 28" `b ekq ajqkq `b lje,pxjpk bq }xkpjokfdsj`k }kx ekq ndckq% be89" }kx be+ej añftrob t rf 0" }kx ekqfdbpkq& Lrt }kqdheblbfpb qb `bhj j zrbej qdprjadñf `be ard`j`k lkydedsj jforq,

pdjq% blkadkfbq% qbfpdldbfpkq b ndqpkxdjqzrb je lklbfpk `b bfixbfpjxqb akf bqbjfadjfk t qr qdprjadñf% crbojf bf akfpxj`b ej xbqkeradñf `b ej ldqlj& Rf ard`j,`kx }xkibqdkfje% }xb}jxj`k t jebcj`k

jibapdyjlbfpb .ek zrb fk qdofdidaj%

―dfqbfqdheb“$% ijadedpj ej pjxbj&

]kx bqk% ekq }xdfad}jebq ljepxjpj`kpbq

qkf ekq }jxdbfpbq lêq abxajfkq&

8$ FK ]XKIBQDKFJED@J@

Arjf`k be ard`j`kx fk bq }xkibqdkfje% bq

`badx% fk bqpê aj}jadpj`k }jxj ej pjxbj%}rb`b }xbqbfpjxqb rf akfiedapk& Lranjqybabq qb pxjpj `b }bxqkfjq zrb }jqjf `beqbxydadk `kläqpdak je ard`j`k `b jfadj,fkq% hrqajf`k rfj lbckx xbfpj k rf qpj,

prq ejhkxje lbckxj`k% }bxk zrb fk pbxld,fjf jab}pjf`k ej frbyj japdyd`j` fd ejxbq}kfqjhded`j` zrb akfeebyj& Bf kaj,

qdkfbq% pbxldfjf ard`jf`k j rf jfadjfkj }b`d`k `be ijldedjx% jab}pjf`k ej pjxbj}kx be pblkx `b }bx`bx be pxjhjck& Fk pb,fdbf`k aj}jadpjadñf% fk bqpjf`k `bad`d,`kq j bcbxabx ej pjxbj t qdf qr}bxydqdñf.ej ljtkxìj `b ejq ybabq j ekq ard`j`kxbqqb ebq `bcj ―bf edhbxpj`“% bq `badx% ―qkekq“%j ajxok `be ydbck qdf ljtkx akfpbfadñf$%

be ljepxjpk oke}bj ej }rbxpj&

1$ @B]BF@BFADJ

Jzrì njhejlkq `b ej `b}bf`bfadj `be lje

pxjpj`kx xbq}bapk `be ljepxjpj`k& ]kx bcbl}ek% bqb ndck qkepbxk% akfydydbfpb% zrb fk pdb

fb ekq lb`dkq }jxj dxqb j ydydx qkek t `b}bf`b bakfñldajlbfpb `b qr }j`xb% j zrdbf`bhb ard`jx& Be }bqk `b bqj `b}bf`bfadj

zrb ek njab qbfpdxqb khedoj`k j ard`jx jjfadjfk qdf zrbxbx njabxek% pjlhdäf ijykxb

ab be ljepxjpk&

0$ JFPBAB@BFPBQ

Lranjq ybabq ekq ard`j`kxbq pdbfbf jfpbab`bfpbq `b jepbxjadkfbq k bfibxlb`j`bq }qd

zrdêpxdajq% jepbxjadkfbq `b ej }bxqkfjed`j`pdbfbf nêhdpkq `b akfqrlk .jeaknke% `xkojq}qdakiêxljakq$% ndqpkxdjq }xbydjq `b ydkebfadj% adxarfqpjfadjq japrjebq `b ydkebfad.}&b& bqpê `dykxadêf`kqb akfiedapdyjlbfpb$

qdprjadkfbq japrjebq k }xbpäxdpjq `b jhjf`kfk .}&b& `bcj`j }kx qr ljxd`k }kxzrb qbirb akf kpxj lrcbx% ndckq zrb ej `bcjxkf qkej t qb irbxkf% bpa$ % qkf xjqokq njhdprjebq

bf ekq ard`j`kxbq zrb ljepxjpjf&

2$ KPXKQ

Qboóf ejq bqpj`ìqpdajq% ej b`j` }xklb`dk`be ljepxjpj`kx bq `b 2> júkq& Be 21" `ekq ljepxjpj`kpbq qkf nklhxbq t be 0?"

qkf lrcbxbq&

]bxide `be LJEPXJPJ@K

:$ AKF@DADKF

]xbqbfpjf rfj akf`dadñf `b `b}bf`bfadj

irfadkfje ljxaj`j% rf dl}kxpjfpb `bpbxdkxkkajqdkfj`k }kx bfibxlb`j`bq axñfdajq k}xkoxbqdyjq .}&b& Jesnbdlbx% ]jxgdfqkf% bpa$}kxpj`kxbq `b }xkhebljq t akf`rapjq jfñljejq pjebq aklk dfakfpdfbfadj% joxbqdyd`j`% jodpjadñf fkaprxfj% dfqklfdk% bpaEkq jfadjfkq zrb xbzrdbxbf `b lrank qbxydadk fkaprxfk .}&b& dx je hjúk$ }rb`bf qb

]êodfj 89



khcbpk `b ljepxjpk lêq iêadelbfpb&

8$ AKFYDYBFADJ

]bxqkfjq zrb akfydybf akf rf ijldedjxzrb bq be ófdak ard`j`kx .k }kx ek lbfkqbq be }xdfad}je$% be zrb nj qd`k }xb,jqdofj`k j arhxdx pje irfadñf .jfpbq qb ekq

`bfkldfjhj ―be ndck `b ej ybcbs“$

1$ JDQEJLDBFPK QKADJE

Df`dyd`rkq akf rfj yd`j qkadje bqajqj% df,qridadbfpb% }khxb bf akfpjapkq% zrb jab},pj arjezrdbx akqj j ajlhdk `b rfj akl,

}júìj bqpjheb&

0$ JRPKBQPDLJ

]bxqkfjq zrb jfpbab`bfpbq `b rfj hjcjjrpkbqpdlj% japdpr`bq `b qrldqdñf% jrpk,

xb}xkanb t are}kqjq

2$ KPXKQ

Be ljepxjpk bq lrank lêq ixbarbfpb bflrcbxbq .??" lrcbxbq ‑ 81" yjxkfbq$ tbf df`dyd`rkq dfaerd`kq bf ej ixjfcb `b ?2j >= júkq `b b`j`& Ej b`j` }xklb`dk `blêq jepk ìf`dab `b ljepxjpk t ydkebfadj bq

?4&> júkq&

]kx kpxj }jxpb% bq lêq ixbarbfpb bf ydr,

`kq .9=" `b ekq ajqkq$ zrb bf ajqj`kq

.12"$

Jfadjfk t ljepxjpk3 ej `bfrfadj

Bf xbdpbxj`jq kajqdkfbq ndab xbibxbfadj jej `didarepj` `b akfyjed`jx ejq adixjq zrbjxxkcjf ejq bqpj`ìqpdajq% pbfdbf`k bf

arbfpj zrb qb pxjpj `b rfj arbqpdñf }kak`bfrfadj`j& Ejq adixjq bf obfbxje zrbxbebyjf qdprjadkfbq `b ydkebfadj% ljepxjpk t jhrqk% xbiebcjf qkek xbejpdyjlbfpb ej df,ad`bfadj `be ajqk bf ej yd`j `b ejq }bxqk,

fjq& Jóf arjf`k qbjf eejljpdyjq k }xb,

kar}jfpbq% njt lrankq lêq fdúkq bfxdbqok `b ek zrb xbiebcj ej bqpj`ìqpdaj k lr cbxbq jibapj`jq }kx ydkebfadj t qklbpdldbfpk `b ek zrb bfakfpxjlkq bf ekq dfikxlbqFk bq zrb ekq arj`xkq% bqpj`ìqpdajq% }xk tbaadkfbq% bqpäf lje nbanjq k fk qdxyjfQdl}eblbfpb bq zrb ej `bfrfadj `b ej ydk

ebfadj xbadhd`j% frfaj bq iêade&

»]kx zrä; Irf`jlbfpjelbfpb }kxzrb ejnrldeejadñf zrb qdofdidaj qbx khcbpk `b ydkebfadj% lb dfndhb `baejxjx zrb ej nb ydyd`kbf pjfpk qdofdidajxìj xb,b`dpjxej je ljfdibqpjxlb yìapdlj& Qd jeordbf lb ydkeñ% »zrqbfpdxä je njabx }óhedak t `badx zrb ird ydkej`k; Arjf`k jeordbf bq jqjepj`k% je xb

ejpjx be qrabqk% qrbeb jabfprjx jq}bapk.}&b& bxjf yjxdkq nklhxbq% lb xk`bjxkfpbfìjf rf jxlj$ zrb fk ek `bcbf% je crdad

`be kpxk% aklk rf pkfpk zrb fk qr}k bydpjxek& Arjf`k be }j`xb eb `j rf ajanbpjsje ndck% äqpb fdboj zrb eb `kedñ% }kxzrjab}pjxek jfpb be nbxljfk bq qbfpdxqb kpxjybs nrldeej`k& ]kx bqk% axbk zrb ejq qdprj

adkfbq `b ydkebfadj pbxldfjf qdbf`k bqajqjlbfpb `bfrfadj`jq t xbebyj`jq }kx ej

bqpj`ìqpdajq& Bfpkfabq% rfj }xdlbxj ajr

qj }kx ej arje be jfadjfk fk `bfrfadj bljepxjpk bq ej ybxoõbfsj &

T bqpk qb jabfpój arjf`k ej yìapdlj }bxpbfbab j rf oxr}k qkadjelbfpb }bxcr`daj`k}kx }xbcrdadkq& Arjf`k rfj lrcbx oke}bj`j }kx qr ljxd`k akfarxxb j njabx ej `bfrfadj% rfj }xdlbxj ldxj`j ljandqpj qqkfxìb t }dbfqj .j ybabq njqpj ek `dab**$

―}kx jeok qbxê“& Ek }xk}dk karxxb akf ekjfadjfkq& »Zrdäf yj j axbbxeb zrb ir

yìapdlj `be ljepxjpk `b qr ndcj% arjf`k pk`kq qjhblkq zrb akfydydx akf rf ydbck fkbq iêade }kxzrb qkf ajxokqkq% lkebqpkq% `bljf`jfpbq% aj}xdankqkq% bpa; »Zrdäf yjj axbbxeb j rfj jfadjfj zrb irb yìapdlj `

rf jhrqk qb~rje; Fj`db& Bq `badx% ejqborf`j ajrqj `b ej bqajqj `bfrfadj `bqpkq nbankq bq be `bqaxä`dpk zrb pdbfb ekjfadjfkq k% `dank `b kpxj ljfbxj% ajxbabf `b yks & @bfrfadjx be ljepxjpk bq b~}kfbxqb j rf ljepxjpk ljtkx3 ej hrxej% ej

]êodfj 8?



df`dibxbfadj% be jhjf`kfk&

]kx kpxk ej`k% lranjq ybabq be ljepxjpj,`k qb qdbfpb xbq}kfqjheb `be ljepxjpk xb,

adhd`k% crqpdidajf`k je ljepxjpj`kx& Pjlhdäf ekq ydbckq qkf yìapdljq `b ekq}xbcrdadkq areprxjebq t qb njf akfybfad,`k zrb akfydydx akf beekq fk bq qbfadeek}jxj ekq lêq cñybfbq& Pbxabxj ajrqj%

bfpkfabq% ej are}j &

Qd ld japrjx crqpdidaj qr ljepxjpk t bfad,lj ek `bfrfadk% }rb`bf qrab`bxqb xb,}xbqjedjq k akfqbarbfadjq }bkxbq& ]kx ekpjfpk% arjxpj ajrqj% fk `bfrfadk }kx pb,

lkx &Lranjq ybabq be ljepxjpj`kx bq rfj }bx,qkfj zrb zrdbxk akf `dqpdfpk oxj`k `bjlkx .añftrob% ndck% fdbpk% jldok% nbx,ljfk% ybadfk% bpa$& Bq `badx% zrb qdbfpkrf qbfpdldbfpk jlhdyjebfpb ‑ jlkx+k`dk, }kx jzrbe zrb lb ljepxjpj& Ekjlk }kx qbx zrdbf bq t ek k`dk }kx ek zrblb njab& Lranjq ybabq be jfadjfk }xb,idbxb }j`babx jfpbq zrb `bfrfadjx j }bx,

qkfjq `b qr jibapk&

]kx akfqdordbfpb% aklk be fdybe `b `b,frfadjq bq lìfdlk% jzrbeekq zrb pxjhj, cjf nkfbqpjlbfpb dfpbxbqj`kq bf ekq jf,adjfkq% `bhbf bqpjx jpbfpkq j `bpbapjxarjezrdbx pd}k `b jhrqk }jxj }k`bx jtr,

`jxekq j xbqkeybxekq% qbj bf ej `bfrfadjakxxbq}kf`dbfpb% bf ej dfikxljadñf kjqbqkxjldbfpk% bf ej akl}júìj& Jeorfkqijapkxbq j khqbxyjx }k`xìjf qbx ekq qd,

ordbfpbq3

Jfpb ZRÄ qkq}banjx3

B~}edajadkfbq akfpxj`dapkxdjq k dfyb,xkqìldebq `b ejq ebqdkfbq k `b añlkqrab`dbxkf& Lranjq ybabq arbfpjbe dfad`bfpb akf `dibxbfpbq ybxqdk,

fbq `be nbank&

@dq}jxd`j` bf be xbejpk `b ej ndqpkxdj}kx }jxpb `be jfadjfk t `be ard`j,

`kx

Be jfadjfk fk bq eebyj`k j ej akfqrepj

}kx be ard`j`kx qdfk }kx kpxj }bxqkfj

@blkxj bf ej jpbfadñf lä`daj jfpb rf

dfad`bfpb& Dfpbxyjek }xkekfoj`k b df crqpdidaj`k bfpxb be pxjrlj t ej akf

qrepj&

Ijepj `b aklrfdajadñf `be jfadjf

arjf`k akfqrepj akf be lä`dak .bq bard`j`kx be zrb xbq}kf`b }kx be jf

adjfk$

Ydydbf`j bf akf`dadkfbq dfj`barj`jq

Ndqpkxdj }xbydj `b b}dqk`dkq qkq}bankqk

`b ydkebfadj% jaad`bfpbq% ljepxjpkLjfbck dfj`barj`k `b ekq iêxljakq

B}dqk`dkq xbdpbxj`kq `b keyd`kq k jepbxjadkfbq bf ejq }xbqaxd}adkfbq& Dfad

`bfpbq `b qkhxb`kqdq k dfixj`kqdq&

Be jfadjfk qb yb jqrqpj`k% `bqakfidj`k

eekxj dfcrqpdidaj`jlbfpb&

»Zrä njabx jfpb be ljepxjpk;

Qboóf rf dfikxlb `be júk 8==8% ej DF]BJ.Dfpbxfjadkfje Fbpwkxg ikx pnb ]xbybfpdkf kBe`bxet Jhrqb$% bqpê ajearej`k zrb be }kxabfpjcb `b jfadjfkq .`b lêq `b 9= júkqjhrqj`kq+ljepxjpj`kq% bq `b% j}xk~dlj`j

lbfpb% rf 0"

Jqdldqlk qb bqpjhebab zrb : `b aj`j 8=jfadjfkq ljtkx `b 92 júkq% bq ljepxjpj`k t zrb : `b aj`j :0 ajqkq `b ljepxjpk% b

`bfrfadj`k& ]kx kpxj }jxpb% be 98" `b ekajqkq qb pxjpj `b lrcbxbq&

Bf frbqpxk }jìq% ejq adixjq qb jabxajf j ejlb`dj dfpbxfjadkfje& Bibapdyjlbfpb% be 0"`b }bxqkfjq ljtkxbq `b 9= júkq% bq yìapd

lj `b jeorfj ikxlj `b ljepxjpk& Bf adixjakxxbq}kf`dbfpbq j ej adr`j` `b Hrbfkq Jdxbq% pkljf`k }kx xbibxbfadj ejq }bxqkfjljtkxbq `b 9= júkq% be 91&8" `b ekq ajqk`b ljepxjpk qkf }xkpjokfdsj`kq }kx lrcb

xbq% t be 19&>" }kx nklhxbq&

]êodfj 8>



»Zrä njabx jfpb bqpb }jfkxjlj;

Idkfj Aejxg% kidadje `b }keìpdajq `b ej dfq,

pdpradñf NBE]JOB DFPBXFJPDKFJE akfqb`b bf Ekf`xbq% }xbqbfpj bf rf dfikxlb

`be júk 8==8 ejq qdordbfpbq qrobxbfadjqbf xbejadñf akf bqpb pblj3

Dfikxljx% pjfpk j ej aklrfd`j` aklk j ejq ijldedjq t je jfadjfk ldqlk % qk,hxb ekq lbajfdqlkq `be ljepxjpk%

qrq akfqbarbfadjq t ejq ikxljq `b

bydpjxekq&

Ajlhdk `b japdpr` xbq}bapk `be pblj %fk akfqd`bxjxek aklk jeok dfbydpj,heb% aklk jq}bapkq k akf`rapjq

fkxljebq% bq}bxjhebq% `bfpxk `bepxjpk akfydybfadje bfpxb jfadjfkq t cñybfbq& Bydpjx ej ―fjprxjedsjadñf“`b bqpj akf`rapj% crqpdidaj`j bfbybfprjebq hbfbidadkq }jxj be jfadj,

fk .―ek njok }kx qr hdbf“ $% bf akf,`rapjq jfpbxdkxbq zrb lkpdyñ beljepxjpk .―qjhb zrä njabx }jxj qj,

ajxlb“% ―lb ek njab j }xk}ñqdpk“$ kbf xbq}rbqpjq `b ajqpdok .―qb ek lb,

xbab“$

Pxjhjcjx bf frbyjq bqpxjpbodjq qkadj, ebq% qjfdpjxdjq% ebojebq % zrb }bxld,pjf j ekq jfadjfkq qbfpdxqb jakod`kq}kx ej qkadb`j` jfpb bybfprjebqljepxjpkq% aklk }&b& ijadedpjx ej xb,ab}adñf `b `bfrfadjq% jodedsjx xbq,

}rbqpjq k}bxjpdyjq% bpa&

Ikxljx abfpxkq k oxr}k `b kxdbfpjadñf ijldedjx % êlhdpkq `b `bqjxxkeek `b}xkoxjljq `b kxdbfpjadñf zrb ijaded,pbf ej akfydybfadj dfpbxobfbxjadkfjebf be qbfk `b ej ijldedj t zrb jxlk,fdabf b~}bapjpdyjq t fbabqd`j`bq

lrprjq

Ijykxbabx ajl}jújq `b }xklkadñf `b ejjfadjfd`j` % bf xbq}rbqpj j ej }xkedibxjadñf t qrhqdqpbfadj `b }xbcrdadkq t ldpkq zrb jibapjf dfqpdpradkfjelbfpb ej yd`j t `dofd`j` `b ekjfadjfkq t ijadedpjf be `bqaxä`dp

areprxje `b ej b`j`

Jqbqkxjx j ekq jfadjfkq qkhxb qrq }xk }dkq `bxbankq % ej ebodqejadñf zrb ek}xkpbob% be irfadkfjldbfpk `b dfqpjfadjq aklrfdpjxdjq t `b}bf`bfadjq zrb }rb`bf jpbf`bxek bf qr

dfzrdbpr`bq% bpa&

Lêq jeeê `b zrb be arl}edldbfpk `b bqpjqrobxbfadjq pdbf`jf ‑ t ekoxbf, ikxpjebabej qdprjadñf `be jfadjfk bf obfbxje% zrdqdbxj joxbojx bqpjq kpxjq qrobxbfadjq zr

j}rfpjf lêq je ―zrä njabx“ akf jzrbe jfadjfk akf be zrb fkq bfakfpxjlkq ajxj jajxj t }rb`b bqpjx qdbf`k yìapdlj `b jeor

fj ikxlj `b ljepxjpk3

Bqaranjxek% ldxjxek j ej ajxj% axbbbf qr }jejhxj

Fk are}jhdedsjxek qdbl}xb t }b`dxebakl}xbfqdñf xbq}bapk `b zrdbf ekljepxjpj Lranjq ybabq ajblkbf ej ―fjprxjedsjadñf“ `b ej zr

njhejlkq jfpbxdkxlbfpb bf be dfpbfpk `b akfpbfbx k crqpdidajx ej jaadñf`be ljepxjpj`kx% axbtbf`k zrb e

jakfpbad`k qbxê rf b}dqk`dk jdqej`kzrb fk qb xb}bpdxê& Pjl}kak ajbbf ej jodpjadñf `be ljepxjpj`k dfadpêf`kek ydkebfpjlbfpb j ej xb}xbqjedj& Qdbl}xb% kxdbfpjxek njadj e

xbq}rbqpj k}bxjpdyj }kqdheb&

Akfqrepjx akf ekq }xkibqdkfjebq Bq}badjelbfpb arjf`k }xbqr}kfblk

ydkebfadj iìqdaj k qb~rje& Ekq lä`d

]êodfj 84



akq% bf ej qbldkekoìj `be akfqrepk,xdk% xbydqjf`k je jfadjfk% bq be zrb}rb`b bqpjx jpbfpk j `bpbapjx df`d,aj`kxbq `b ljepxjpk& Ek }xk}dkkarxxb akf ejq bfibxlbxjq k jqdq,pbfpbq obxdêpxdajq zrb ek ndodbfd,

sjf&

Dfybqpdojx ej ybx`j` Fk akf rfj

japdpr` `bpbapdybqaj qdfk dfpbxbqj,`j% kar}j`j bf be hdbfbqpjx `be

jfadjfk&

@bfrfadjx be nbank ]kx ekq ajfjebq

zrb qb akfqd`bxbf j}xk}dj`kq&

Idfjelbfpb

B~dqpbf `kq oxr}kq bpjxdkq zrb fk njt

xbadhd`k jóf xbq}rbqpj k}bxjpdyj }kx}jxpb `b ej qkadb`j 3̀ ekq j`kebqabfpbq t

ekq jfadjfkq& Bq zrb fk qjhb hdbf zränjabx% añlk ydfarejxqb akf beekq& ]kx

bqk qb qrbebf ljfdibqpjx aklk ekq oxr,}kq `b akfiedapk }jxj ej areprxj&

Xbq}bapk `b ekq jfadjfkq% qkek nj jpdfj,`k j kixbabxeb rf ―xke qdf xke“% bq `badx% ebjqdofj rf erojx `bq`b be arje qb bq}bxjzrb j}kxpb fj`j& Rf erojx qdf b~}bapjpd,yj% rf }bxpbfbabx qdf }jxpdad}jx& @b jeeì

ej `bfkldfjadñf ―aejqb }jqdyj“% pxblbf,`jlbfpb nkqpde bf rfj areprxj `b ―ekq

hdbfbq“% rfj areprxj ―}xk`rapdyj“ zrb

kpkxoj yjekx `b ―rpded`j`“& Ekq jfadjfkqqkf ekq zrb fk }xk`rabf% ekq zrb fk}rb`bf jaab`bx j hdbfbq t ekq zrb pbxld,

fjf qdfpdäf`kqb dfópdebq&

J }jxpdx `b bqpb erojx areprxje% akffkpj,`k pjf fbojpdyjlbfpb% qb dfdadj rf adx,ardpk `b ydkebfadj t ljepxjpk je jfadjfk.ydkebfadj dfqpdpradkfje$% `be zrb qb qd,

orbf k jhkfjf ejq kpxjq ikxljq pd}didaj,

`jq&

Ej dofkxjfadj% `bqdfikxljadñf% fboedobf,

adj% be pblkx j ej ybcbs% qkf ajrqjq `dxbapjb dflb`djpjq `b ej ydkebfadj t ljepxjpk& Ejajxjapbxìqpdajq `b ej jfadjfd`j` t `b bqpjfadjfk bf }jxpdarejx% frfaj crqpdidajf bqpjakf`rapj& Ej `dofd`j` `be kpxk% ej `dofd`j``b ej yd`j% qdbl}xb bqpê }kx bfadlj `b

arjezrdbx adxarfqpjfadj&

@jx xbq}rbqpj j bqpj qdprjadñf bq rfj fbabqd`j` `b pk`kq% fk qkejlbfpb `b ekq jfadjfkq% `j`k zrb be pxjpk zrb ebq `jlkq njhej`b fkqkpxkq ldqlkq& Arjf`k ljepxjpk% l`bidfk aklk ljepxjpj`kx% jibapjf`k pjlhdäf ld `dofd`j` aklk qbx nrljfk& Fk qkek bq nrldeej`k be ljepxjpj`k qdfk zrb lnrldeek j lì ldqlk& Hdbf }k`xìj `badxq

―`ìlb aklk pxjpjf j qrq ydbckq t pb `dxä zrpd}k `b qkadb`j` bq“&

]êodfj 1=

Aejr`dk OJXADJ ]DFPKQ

ajybi M tjnkk&akl



Be @x&Ordeebxlk ]jxbcj Nbxxbxj fkq pdbfb jakq,

prlhxj`kq j qrq lbfqjcbq ydydidajfpbq% }ebfkq `b

qdofdidaj`k% ykeaj`kq bf }rhedajadkfbq `b khedoj`j

xbibxbfadj }jxj pk`k nrljfdqpj dfpbxbqj`k bf lj,

`rxjx rf }bfqjldbfpk akfqdqpbfpb t akl}xklbpd,

`k akf ej }bxqkfj nrljfj& ]bxk qr khxj fk qkekbqpê xbqpxdfod`j j edhxkq jaj`äldakq& Qr qbfqdhded,

`j` qb b~}xbqj axbjpdyjlbfpb j pxjyäq `b qrq

―Ajxpjq `bq`b be @bqdbxpk “ akf ej ldqlj ajed`bs t

}xkirf`d`j` zrb ajxjapbxdsj qr `dqarxqk adbfpìid,

ak& Lbq j lbq t akf xborejxd`j`% yjlkq }xbqbf,

pjf`k jeorfjq `b qrq ―Ajxpjq“% hxbybq xbieb~dkfbq

qkhxb ej yd`j ldqlj% ejq arjebq qkf aklbfpj`jq

aj`j ybs }kx jeoóf akejhkxj`kx `b EKOKXB@& Bf

bqpj k}kxprfd`j`% ej bfajxoj`j `b njabxek qbxê

Yjfbqj Xdybxj .AEJB$

Be oxjf êxhke

Ejk Pqb dhj ydjcjf`k akf qrq `dqaì}rekq& Eeboj, xkf j rf hkqzrb bf `kf`b adbfpkq `b ebúj`k, xbq akxpjhjf pxkfakq }jxj akfqpxrdx rf oxjf }jejadk& Njhìjf `byjqpj`k ajqd pk`k be hkq, zrb% }bxk zrb`jhj rf oxjf êxhke& Rf oxjf êxhke akf ldebq `b xjljq% pjf oxjf`bq% zrb qr qklhxj }k`ìj akhdcjx j `dbs lde }bxqkfjq& Ejk Pqb }d`dñ j qrq `dqaì}rekq zrb jybxdorjxjf }kx zrä jzrbe êxhke fk qb njhìj pjej`k& Ekq `dqaì,

}rekq irbxkf t }xborfpjxkf j ekq ebúj`kxbq&»]kx zrä fk njf akxpj`k bqb êxhke; Bqb êxhke bq pkpjelbfpb dfópde& Fk qb }rb`b njabx fj`j akf äe& ]kxzrb ejq xjljq pdbfb lrankq fr`kq&Fk njt fd rf pxjlk xbapk& Fk qb }rb`bf ebyjf, pjx }dejxbq akf äe fd qb }rb`bf ijhxdajx lrb, hebq& Pjl}kak qb }rb`b zrbljx qr lj`bxj% }kxzrb be nrlk bq lrt ljek }jxj ekq kckq% aj, qd pb }rb`b `bcjx adbok& Bqpb êxhke bq pkpjelbf, pb dfópde& ]kx bqk% fk ek nblkq akxpj`k& Ekq `dqaì}rekq ykeydbxkf& Ejk Pqb qb xdñ t b~}xbqñ3 Qbjf aklk bqb êxhke% qd zrdbxbf qkhxbydydx bf

be lrf`k& Qbjf aklk bqpb êxhke% jhqkerpjlbf, pb dfópdebq% bfpkfabq% fj`db ebq njxê `júk& Qd qkf xbapkq% ekq akxpjxjf& Jeordbf ekq akfybxpdxê bf lrbhebq& Qd qkf }xbadkqkq% jeordbf ekq ybf, `bxê bf be lbxaj`k% ekq pxjfqikxljxêf bf rf hdbf `b akfqrlk& Qbjf aklk bqpb êxhke% jhqk, erpjlbfpb dfópdebq& Bfpkfabq% fj`db ebq }k`xê njabx `júk& T axbabxêf oxjf`bq t irbxpbq% t `jxêf qklhxj j ldebq `b }bxqkfjq&

Ej eñodaj `b Ejk Pqb bq lrt `dqpdfpj `b ej eñod, aj `b pr lbfpb& Äe `dab3 qä be óepdlk& Lräybpb

bf be lrf`k aklk qd fk irbxjq& Qä rf `bqakfk,

ad`k& Fk pxjpbq `b qbx be }xdlbxk& Fk akl}dpjqFk pxjpbq `b lkqpxjx prq ydxpr`bq& Fk njab ijepj& Qä t `dqixrpj& ]kx qr}rbqpk zrb bq lrt }ka }xêapdak& ]bxk qd eebojq j bfpbf`bxpb% pb `jxêarbfpj `b zrb bq lrt }xêapdak bf kpxk fdybe& Ej

yd`j bq }jxj oksjxej t abebhxjxej% ej yd`j fk bqrf hdbf `b akfqrlk bf be lbxaj`k% `bhbxìj qbaklk ej }kbqìj% aklk rfj ajfadñf k rfj `jfsj

Rfj ajxpj `be `bqdbxpk njhejf`k `b êxhkebq& T `b rf oxjf êxhke& ]jxbabxìj rf akelk% qd ajblkq bf ej dljobf akf ej zrb xbejadkfjlkq be `bqdbxpk% `kf`b qr}kfblkjxd`bs t qkeb`j`& T crqpjlbfpb `b bqpb `bqdbxpk `b Ordeebxlk% qrxobf t iekxbabf nbx

lkqjq ndqpkxdjq t xbieb~dkfbq xbejadkfj`jakf ej yd`j&

Njab rf júk aklbfaä j bqpjx lêq jpbfpjbf ldq ydjcbq }kx ej adr`j` t kpxkq qdpdklêq ebcjfkq% j ej `dybxqd`j` `b êxhkebq zrb~dqpbf t qrq }jxpdarejxbq ikxljq& Qd q}xbqpj jpbfadñf je qdpdk `kf`b qb bfarbfpxjf% je pd}k `b pxkfak zrb }kqbbf% j ej ikxlj `b qrq ak}jq% je akekx `b qrq nkcjq% qqb bfarbfpxjf qkekq k bf akfcrfpk% qb }rb

`bf `bpbapjx `dqpdfpjq ldqdkfbq t ikxlj`b b~dqpbfadj& Pbfblkq jzrbe zrb axbab bfrfj skfj êxd`j t% jóf jqì% `j iekxbq akekxd

`jq% kpxkq zrb qb bfarbfpxjf bf qdpdk`kf`b bf ybxjfk rfj hrbfj qklhxj bqhdbf xbadhd`j% jzrbeekq akf rf pxkfak }b

zrbúk }bxk qkqpbfdbf`k rfj oxjf ak}j…`diìade `b bfpbf`bx aklk ek ekoxj& Bq rfjedf`j ikxlj `b bfpxbfjldbfpk% pjlhdäf}jxj khqbxyjx t bfpbf`bx ekq yìfarekq bfpxb ejq }bxqkfjq& Ej fjprxjebsj fkq jhxb

rf ljxjydeekqk lrf`k t zrä lbckx zrb bqpjq ajxpjq }jxj jhxdxfkq j rf crbok `b qd

ldedpr`bq&

Rfj `b ejq akqjq zrb }k`blkq ybx bf bqpjndqpkxdj% bq ek zrb lranjq ybabq qrab`bakf ej Ekokpbxj}dj3 qr ldxj`j njadj ek qjer`jheb% akfqd`bxjf`k be ―j }bqjx `b“% xbqajpjf`k ek }kak byd`bfpb }jxj kpxkq t rfjhóqzrb`j lêq jeeê `b ek zrb kpxkq bqpjhebabf& Rfj `b ejq }xdlbxjq ajxjapbxìqpdajzrb qb xbqajpj `b bqb oxjf êxhke bq% crqpj

]êodfj 1:

AJXPJQ @BE @BQDBXPK `b Ordeebxlk ]JXBCJ NBXXBXJ



lbfpb% qr aj}jad`j` }jxj `jx rfj oxjfqklhxj% aj}js `b akhdcjx j ldebq `b }bxqk,fjq& Bqk bq tj jeok qrljlbfpb xbqajpjheb t hkf`j`kqk& Jrfzrb% aklk fk bxj be khcb,pdyk `b ekq ebúj`kxbq zrb zrbxìjf akfqpxrdxrf ljcbqprkqk }jejadk% fk ek prydbxkf bfarbfpj& »Arêfpjq ybabq qrab`b bqpk akffrbqpxjq }xk}djq akqjq k adxarfqpjfadjq

`b ej yd`j;

Qrbfj xjxk ebbx rf }êxxjik `kf`b qb `bqpj,zrb ek hrbfk `b qbx óepdlk& Qkhxb pk`k bfbqpkq `ìjq `kf`b ek zrb rfk bqaranj taj}pj qkf lbfqjcbq `b añlk qbx be }xdlb,xk& Bf lrankq jq}bapkq% bf ek bakfñldak%bf ek ejhkxje% bf ek bqakejx% bf ejq xbejadk,

fbq% bpa&

Qb bqaranj qkhxb be }bxide `b ekq eì`bxbq taklk ekoxjx qbxek% qb ybf`bf ldebq `b ed,

hxkq jabxaj `b bqpk% aklk qd }jxj ej lj, tkxìj `b ekq lkxpjebq bqb irbqb qr ófdak t

oxjf khcbpdyk&

Bf idf% bqpjlkq ijldedjxdsj`kq akf beek takf ejq akfqbarbfadjq zrb fkq hxdf`jxìj qdrfk ekoxjxj bqpjx bf ek lêq jepk% jeok jqì

aklk be }jxjìqk jhqkerpk& Akl}xb% ebj% ed,

`bxb% akl}dpj% `bqpêzrbqb t qbj ibeds*

Bq dfpbxbqjfpb }k`bx njabx rf akxpb `b pk,`k bqpk& Akxxbxqb% akfbapjxqb j kpxk fdybe%jab}pjf`k t `êf`kqb rf pdbl}k `b ak,fb~dñf akf ek }xk}dk& Jfpbq zrb fj`j% bqrfj `badqdñf% erbok rfj pklj `b }kqprxj%`b japdpr`% }jxj `bq}räq ekoxjx pbfbx ejqridadbfpb akfidjfsj% be qridadbfpb akfkad,ldbfpk `b rfk ldqlk t ej bfpbxbsj }jxjqjhbx zrdäf bq rfk t lkybxqb aklk ―qd fk

irbxj“& Nrlde`j` `b fk fbabqdpjx ―lkqpxjxqbx“% }jadbfadj% ekoxjf`k rfj ldxj`j lêq

jl}edj njadj kpxkq yjekxbq% rf }xkirf`kpxjhjck dfpbxdkx% abxpbsj `b ejq }xdkxd`j`bq t rf `dqixrpb `b ek zrb bq bqbfadje& Akf,abfpxjxqb bf ek }xk}dk fk fbabqjxdjlbfpbbq qbx bokìqpj% bq akfidjx bf ek zrb qb }k,qbb t aklbfsjx j ydqrjedsjx rf }jfkxjlj t rf nkxdskfpb `dibxbfpb& Qbx& Qjhd`rxìj `bqjhbxqb zrdbf bq% lêq jeeê `b ek zrb ekq

kpxkq bqpdljf k bq}bxjf&

]êodfj 18

AJXPJQ @BE @BQDBXPK `b Ordeebxlk ]JXBCJ NBXXBXJ

Zrdsêq be eebojx j bf,

pbf`bx,lb bq axradje}jxj pxjfqdpjx `b lj,fbxj lêq jxlkfdkqj tjakx`b j frbqpxj fj,

prxjebsj% qdf pbfbxzrb bfpbf`bx be xbqpk%ek kpxk t j`j}pjxlb%lranjq ybabq `b lj,fbxj }kak qjer`jhebbf frbqpxjq xbejadkfbq& Qd eebojq j bfpbf`bxpb… jhxdxêq rf lrf`k `b }kqdhded`j

`bq% rf `bq}edborb `b frbykq qrabqkq zrbfk qrbebf `jxqb arjf`k rfk qdl}eblbfpb

j}rfpj j ek zrb njab ijepj&

Qbxìj ijfpêqpdak akfpjx akf rfj ljpbxdj bfej bqarbej3 akfkadldbfpk `b rfk ldqlkzrb fkq }bxldpj% `bq`b }bzrbúkq% dx bfpxbfjf`k j ljfbxj `b rf lóqarek% ejq `dqpdfpjq nbxxjldbfpjq }qdakeñodajq t bq}dxdprjebq zrb fkq bfxdzrbsajf aklk }bxqkfjq t fkq }bxldpj axbabx qdbf`k lbckxbq t ófd

akq akf ek }xk}dk t fk akf ek jcbfk&

Lb orqpj ej obfpb zrb&&& `baìj Ljxdk Hbfb`bppd% t joxbok3 zrb `dqixrpjf `b }bzrbújqqdprjadkfbq% lklbfpkq k qbfadeekq ekoxkqlb orqpj ej obfpb zrb bq nrlde`b `b bq}ìxdpr% qjhdj t zrb xbq}bpj j ekq `blêq% }kxzrb bf be tj ek bqpê crqpjlbfpb qr oxjf`bsj& Ej yd`j ―`bhbxìj qbx aklk ej }kbqìj% ejajfadñf k ej `jfsj…“% bq }xkirf`j% ldqpbxdkqj% `dqixrpjheb t hkf`j`kqj& T% aklkpk`k jxpb% `bcj rfj bq}badje nrbeej blkadk

fje qd fkq `bcjlkq jpxj}jx }kx beej&

Qbx oxjf`b bf ek qbfadeek% bf ek }kak% bf ek

nrlde`b% bf be hjck }bxide% bq ej lbpj `blrankq ―êxhkebq“ zrb qbordxêf axbadbf`k t`jf`k qklhxj arjf`k ekq `blêq bqpäfajfqj`kq k `byjqpj`kq% jedlbfpj`kq t ikx

pjebad`kq `b qr ―qjhdj,qjydj“&

Eda& Yjfbqj Xdybxj

yjfbqjxdybxj>=Mnkpljde&akl

mailto:[email protected]




E

j ikxld`jheb bykeradñf pbafkeñodaj

`b ejq aklrfdajadkfbq bf ekq óepd,lkq júkq% akxkfj`j akf be hkkl `b

Dfpbxfbp t ej ijaded`j` aj`j ybs lj, tkx `b jaabqk j beej t% ek zrb bq jóf lêqfrbyk }bxk fk }kx beek lbfkq fkyb`kqk% ej

aj}jad`j` `b dfpbxjaprjx bf ej ldqlj njf}xk`rad`k rf ibfñlbfk qkadje lrt dfpbxb,

qjfpb3 ekq qbxbq `dodpjebq&

Bqpkq qbxbq `dodpjebq qkf jzrbeekq pbafkj`dapkq zrb njf pxjqej`j`k qr yd`j j rfj}jfpjeej% tj qbj ej `b qr akl}rpj`kxj `be

nkojx% ej }kxpêpde t bf lranìqdlkq ajqkq ej`b qr pbeäikfk aberejx& T arjf`k `badlkqzrb njf pxjqej`j`k qr yd`j ek `badlkq edpb,xjelbfpb }rbqpk zrb fk njabf fj`j zrbfk njtj qd`k bfakfpxj`k% dfikxlj`k k }xk,

arxj`k j pxjyäq `b qrq j}jxjpkq&

Lêq jeeê `b ekq hbfbidadkq zrb obfbxj ejdflb`djpbs `b xbq}rbqpj bf lrankq ajqkq t `b añlk beej lk`didaj k }rb`b lk`didajxnêhdpkq% obfbxjx ixrqpxjadkfbq k arl}edxakf ejq }xklbqjq% akfqbarbfadjq zrb fk

bqpkt bf aj}jad`j` `b crsojx% ek dfpbxbqjf,

pb bq ybx añlk bqpjq }bxqkfjq qb xb}xbqbf,pjf j qì ldqljq arjf`k `bad`bf ―qrhdxqb“

j ej kej `b ej yd`j bf }jfpjeej&

―Ejq pbafkekoìjq lêq }xkirf`jq qkf ejq zrb `bqj}jxbabf& Qb bfojxsjf bf be pbcd`k `b ej yd`j akpd`djfj njqpj njabx, qb df`dqpdfordhebq `b beej“ ._bdqbx%:44:$

Jfpbq `b beek yjeb ej }bfj njabx rf xb}jqkzrb fkq }bxldpj pbfbx rfj }bxq}bapdyj `bek zrb bq ej yd`j bf ej wbh% t }jxj beek fj,`j lbckx zrb xb}jqjx jeorfjq bqpj`ìqpdajqartkq fólbxkq qkf dl}xbqdkfjfpbq% t axb,adbfpbq ldfrpk j ldfrpk bf `dxbapj xbej,adñf akf be `bqjxxkeek `be lrf`k t ej df,akx}kxjadñf j bqpjq pbafkekoìjq `b }khej,

adkfbq bfpbxjq `b }jìqbq blbxobfpbq3

]êodfj 11

]BXIDEBQ% JLDOKQ T LJAJFJQ BF EJ _BH]kx Ljxabek ]js

Jfpbq `b beek yjeb ej }bfj njabx rf xb}jq

zrb fkq }bxldpj pbfbx rfj }bxq}bapdyj `ek zrb bq ej yd`j bf ej wbh% t }jxj beek fj`j lbckx zrb xb}jqjx jeorfjq bqpj`ìqpdaj

artkq fólbxkq qkf dl}xbqdkfjfpbq% t axbadbfpbq ldfrpk j ldfrpk bf `dxbapj xbejadñf akf be `bqjxxkeek `be lrf`k t ej dfakx}kxjadñf j bqpjq pbafkekoìjq `b }khej

adkfbq bfpbxjq `b }jìqbq blbxobfpbq3

Bqpkq `jpkq pdbfbf rf júk `b jfpdoõb`j` t

jqì t pk`k jhxrljf }kx qrq ajfpd`j`bq% jbqj ibanj njhìj :%0 hdeekfbq `b rqrjxdk

`b akxxbk bebapxñfdak bf be lrf`k axbadbf`k j rfj pjqj `b lêq `be :=" jfrje7 810ldeekfbq `b qdpdkq wbh% axbadbf`k je 8="

jfrje7 :%?1 hdeekfbq `b rqrjxdkq `b dfpbxfbp bf be lrf`k% axbadbf`k pjlhdäf j rfj

pjqj abxajfj je 8="&

Tj njhejf`k `b xb`bq qkadjebq% bf bqb lklbfpk pbfìjlkq `jpkq zrb jeajfsjhjf ek:89 ldeekfbq `b rqrjxdkq `b hekoq% 8> ldeekfbq `b pwbbpq }kx `ìj t 12= ldeekfbq `}bxqkfjq bf Ijabhkkg& T zrb bq ek zrb

njaìjf bf bqpjq xb`bq;% njhìjf qrhd`k 1=hdeekfbq `b dlêobfbq j Ijabhkkg% t ldxj

hjf :8%8 hdeekfbq `b yd`bkq bf Tkr Prh}kx lbq qñek bf ekq Bqpj`kq Rfd`kq*

]bxk }jxj zrb fk ijepb fdfoóf `jpk `rxkjfpbq `b qbordx% xb}jqblkq ej kibxpj japrj

`b xb`bq qkadjebq3 bqpêf ejq `b dfpbxäq obfbxje bf ej zrb ed`bxj aejxjlbfpb Ijabhkkg% qbord`j }kx Pwdppbx t Lt Q}jab% }bxnjt abxaj `b rfj ybdfpbfj zrb kixbabf dfpbxjaadñf aklk Lbbp R}% Lrepd}et% Kxgrp

Hj`kk t Nd27 ejq `b ikpkoxjiìjq .qb jarbx`jf `b ekq iekoobxq;$ aklk Iedagx% Ikpgd Ikpkeko7 ejq `b yd`bk bf ejq zrb xbdfj Tkr Prhb% }bxk fk ej ófdaj7 `b prxdqlk7 `b fbokadkq7 `b cñybfbq t jqì }k`xìjlkq eebojx jrfj xb` }kx aj`j pd}k `b dfpbxäq }jxpdar

ejx&

Jnkxj hdbf% qd äqpb bq rf ibfñlbfk .be `ej axbjadñf `b xb`bq qkadjebq zrb b~dqp`bq`b zrb njt qkadb`j`bq% fk `bhbxìj qkx}xbf`bxfkq be zrb be qbx nrljf`k bf qr

akfqpjfpb hóqzrb`j ejq njtj j`j}pj`k j



ej kibxpj pbafkeñodaj& Ek zrb qì eejlj ejjpbfadñf bq ej akf`rapj `b ekq rqrjxdkqrfj ybs zrb qb njf akfybxpd`k bf qbxbq `d,odpjebq k ydxprjebq aklk ebq orqpj `badx jjeorfkq dfybqpdoj`kxbq& T crqpjlbfpb }kx,zrb bq rf ibfñlbfk pjf frbyk bq zrb fknjt oxjf`bq akfaerqdkfbq jabxaj `b ekqakl}kxpjldbfpkq bf ej xb`% t ej ljtkxìj`b ejq dfybqpdojadkfbq bf arxqk pk`jyìj fkpdbfbf byd`bfadj qridadbfpb }jxj qjajx akf,

aerqdkfbq `bpbxldfjfpbq%

Qdf blhjxok njt rf `bpjeeb zrb j arje,zrdbx khqbxyj`kx arxdkqk fk }jqj `bqj}bx,adhd`k t bqpkt qborxk zrb qbxê rfk `b ekqoxjf`bq `bqarhxdldbfpkq `b bqpkq bqpr`dkq

t bqpb `jpk bq be ―}bxide“ k be añlk fkq }xb,qbfpjlkq bf ej k ejq xb`bq zrb bedcjlkq}jxj dfpbxjaprjx& @bq`b be lklbfpk zrb

ej ljtkxìj `b bqpjq xb`bq qb rpdedsjf }jxjakl}jxpdx yjekxbq k dfpbxbqbq% ekq }bxidebqqb j`j}pjf bf ljtkx k lbfkx lb`d`j j

bqpkq dfpbxbqbq&

Rf }êxxjik j}jxpb lbxbab be päxldfk jld,okq k qbord`kxbq `b aj`j }bxide% }kxzrb qdf`r`j akfpxdhrtb j ―lke`bjx“ ej }bxqkfjed,

`j` ydxprje akf be khcbpdyk `b qbx lêq―}k}rejx ―% qdf bfpxjx bf ej `dqarqdñf}kx be rqk `b ej }jejhxj jldok% arjfpkqlêq jldokq qb pbfojf lbckx akfpjapk ydx,

prje qb bq& Bqpk }jxbab rfj `b ejq ebtbq `b

ej _bh&

Bf be kxdobf `b ej xb`% jeorfkq crbokq }bx,ldpìjf ej axbjadñf `b jyjpjxbq% }bxqkfjed,`j`bq ydxprjebq zrb fkq xb}xbqbfpjhjf bfrf lrf`k pjlhdäf ydxprje% be ajqk lêq ij,lkqk irb Qbakf` Edib% zrb bf qrq zrdfab

ldfrpkq `b ijlj pryk njqpj }rhedad`j` `belrf`k xbje* Ekq rqrjxdkq fk rpdedsjf ekqjyjpjxbq }jxj `bqaxdhdx qr d`bfpd`j` qdfk

}jxj akfqpxrdxej&

Jnkxj be ajqk }jxbab qbx zrb lranjq `bekq }bxidebq `b ekq rqrjxdkq `b ejq xb`bq }j,xbabf njhbx nbxb`j`k jeok `b jzrbeekqjyjpjxbq `be lrf`k ydxprje% }kxzrb rfj `bejq ajxjapbxìqpdajq `dqpdfpdyjq `b ekq }bxid,ebq bq zrb pk`kq qklkq lbckxbq `b ek zrb

xbjelbfpb qklkq&% ej ikpk zrb }rhedajlkq

]êodfj 10

bq ej lbckx zrb }k`blkq% frbqpxkq ekoxkq

qkf ek ófdak zrb b~}kfblkq t qjeyk akfpj`jq b~ab}adkfbq fk njt `bibapkq bfpxb

frbqpxjq ajxjapbxìqpdajq }bxqkfjebq&

―Ekq cñybfbq bqpêf bf be lb`dk ldqlk`b ejq pbafkekoìjq blbxobfpbq% }bxkpjlhdäf bf qdprjadñf `b xdbqok& Ejq rpdedsjf aklk pbxxbfk }jxj qr jrpkb~}ekxjadñf% axbjf `dibxbfpbq d`bfpd`j`bq bfxb` t }jxpdad}jf bf rf }xkabqk akfpdfrk`b xb`bidfdadñf `b ej d`bfpd`j`“ .Xkldfj Ajandj% Pnb FbpwkxgAxbjpdkf _bhqdpbq& Qkadje Jq}bapq$

J }jxpdx `b bqpjq akfaerqdkfbq }xbedldfjxbq lb }xborfpk zrb }jqjxê arjf`k crqpj

lbfpb ejq pbafkekoìjq zrb qdorbf jyjfsjf`k t bykeradkfjf`k tj fk fkq }bxldpjf

bqj hxbanj bfpxb ej d`bfpd`j` xbje t ej ydxprje;% jeok fj`j `bqajhbeej`k `b }bfqjx bfbe lrt akxpk }ejsk `j`j ej ajfpd`j` `b df

ikxljadñf zrb j}kxpjlkq j bqpjq xb`bq&

»Zrä }jqjxê pjlhdäf akf ej ikxljadñf zrb

qb obfbxj bf be qbfk `b ej ijldedj% `j`kzrb bqpkq bfpkxfkq ydxprjebq qkf ekq }xdlbxkq }jqbkq zrb ekq andakq `jf qkekq; @kf`b b~}bxdlbfpjf rfj }xdlbxj qbfqjadñf

`b df`b}bf`bfadj t `b jrpk`bpbxldfjadñf&

Ebckq `b qbx rf arbqpdkfjldbfpk lkxje ejdfañofdpj bq zrä aejqb `b qkadb`j` qb bqpjxê ikxljf`k bf beadhbxbq}jadk% }kxzrbqd ykeyblkq j ekqfólbxkq `be }xdfad}dkfkq `jxblkq arbfpj

zrb bf arjezrdbx lk,lbfpk ej idaadñf }rb,`b akfqpxrdx ej xbjed,

`j`&

Ljde `b akfpjapk3l}Mlbbpdfo}kdfp,jxo&akl




Logored - Noviembre 2011

Documents

Transcript of Logored - Noviembre 2011