Estrategias para la compresión de textos en ingles

Universidad Juárez Autónoma de TabascoDivisión Académica Multidisciplinaria De Los Ríos

Estudio en la duda. Acción en la fe.

Asignatura: Estrategias para la comprensión de textos en ingles

Catedrática: Castillo Palma Cecilia Guadalupe

Desarrollador: Manuel Eli Medina García

Periodo: Agosto 2015-Enero 2016.

ÍNDICE

Topic 1.Cognates............................................................................................................................2

Topic2.Prefixes and suffixes..........................................................................................................4

Topic3.Monolingual Dictionary.......................................................................................................5

Topic4.Technical vocabulary.........................................................................................................9

Topic5. Sustantives Phrases.......................................................................................................10

Topic6.Pronouns...........................................................................................................................11

Topic.7 Conjunctions....................................................................................................................16

Topic.8 Subordinated....................................................................................................................19

Topic 9 Simple, complex, compound sentences...............................................................................20

Topic 10 Active Voice & Passive Voice.............................................................................................21

Topic 11 Skimming and Scanning.....................................................................................................22

Topic 12 Técnica PQ4R...............................................................................................................27

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic 1.CognatesTrue cognate.Are words similar in different languages. / Son palabras similares en diferentes

idiomas:

Example 5

True cognate Spanish

Elephant Elefante

Excellent Excelente

Person Persona

Family Familia

instructions introducciones

False cognate.Are words similar and different meaning/ Son palabras similares en diferentes

significado:

Example 5

False cognate Spanish False cognate English

Dinner cena Dinero Money

Record registro recordar remember

Actual Real o verdadero actual current

advertirse anunciar Advertir warn

Advice Consejos Aviso notice

Act: textThe Bald EagleThe bald Eagle is North American bird of prey. It is our national bird and a symbol

of the United States. The bald eagle has played a prominent role in our nation´s

history. The founding fathers liked to compare the new republic to that of Rome, in

which images of eagle were often used. They chose to include the bald eagle in

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

the design for the Great seal of the United States, it appears on most of the Great

Seal of the United States, and it appears on most of the government´s official seals

and on several coins. In those images, its head is usually turned toward an olive

branch held in the right claw, symbolizing peace. The left claw clasps several

arrows, symbolizing war.

Cognate- true SignificationSymbol Símbolo

History Historia

American Americano

National Nacional

Rome Roma

Images Imágenes

Official Oficial

Symbolizing Simbolización

Significance Significado

declaration Declaración

Independence Independencia

Civilizations Civilizaciones

Cultures Culturas

consider Considerar

Central Central

religious Religioso

Spiritual espiritual

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic2.Prefixes and suffixes

Prefixes

A prefixes is a word part added to the beginning of a root word/ Es una parte de una palabra que se agrega a al inicio de una palabra raíz.

Prefixes chart Prefix Pre meaning Word meaningExwife ex Ex hace referencia algo antiguo Ex esposa

exboyfriend ex Ex hace referencia algo antiguo Ex novioindirect in In,no,sin Indirecto

inadequate in In,no,sin Inadecuadobiodiversity bio Bio relación con la biologia Biodiversidad

misrepresent mis mal Falsificarredirect re Otra vez Re direccionado

disarms dis negación Desarmado

Suffixes

A suffix is a Word part added to the end of a root word/Es la parte de una palabra que se agrega al final de una palabra.

Suffixes chart Suffix Pre meaning Word meaningdrinkable able able,ible bebibleenyoyable able able, ible disfrutablewoderful ful Ada,ado,ido,oso maravillosocolorful ful Ada,ado,ido,oso colorido

sickness ness Dad, eza enfermedadsameness ness Dad,eza igualdadWorthless less Negacion sin Initulbeautiful ful Ada,ado,ido,oso hermoso

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic3.Monolingual Dictionary

What is a monolingüe English Dictionary?is a type of dictionary designed to meet the reference needs of people learning a

foreign language/¿Qué es un monolingüe Diccionario Inglés ? es un tipo de

diccionario diseñado para satisfacer las necesidades de referencias de personas

que están aprendiendo un idioma extranjero

Compound

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Phonemic Transcription

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Past participle

Word buildingPart of speech

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic4.Technical vocabulary

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic5. Sustantives Phrases

Sustantives Phrases SpanishCow preparation Procesamiento de la vacaLung metastasis MetástasispulmonarGland tumars Tumor de glándulaCattle populations Población ganaderasWildlife protection Protección de la faunaHair buld Cuero de peloHeatlh problems Problemas de saludQuality grass Césped de calidadPasture supplements Suplemento de pasturaFiber intake Succión de fibra

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic6.PronounsTipos de PronounsPronouns

A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun or another pronoun/ Un pronombre es

una palabra que se usa en lugar de un sustantivo o pronombre otra.

1. Personal Pronouns

A personal pronoun refers to the one speaking, the one spoken to, or the one

spoken about/Un pronombre personal se refiere a el que habla , el habla, o el que

se habla sobre .

1.1 Subject PronounsWe use subject pronouns as subject of the verb/Utilizamos pronombres sujeto

como sujeto del verbo

1.2.Object PronounsWe use object pronouns,as the object of the verb/Nosotros usamos los

pronombres de objeto , ya que el objeto del verbo

2.Reflexive PronounsA reflexive pronoun is a pronoun that refers to the subject and is necessary to the

meaning of the sentence. It ends in "-self" or “-selves”/Un pronombre reflexivo

es un pronombre que se refiere al tema y es necesario el significado de la frase.

Se termina en " -placas " o " -selves "

3.Indifinitive PronounsAn indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that refers to persons, places, or things, in

general. It may or may not be specifically named/Un pronombre indefinido es un

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

pronombre que se refiere a personas , lugares o cosas , en general. Puede o no

puede ser nombrado específicamente.

4.Demostrative PronounsA demonstrative pronoun is a pronoun that replaces and points out a person,

place, thing, or idea.These are sour/Un pronombre demostrativo es un pronombre

que sustituye y señala una persona, lugar , cosa o idea.Estos son agria.

5. Interrogative PronounsAn interrogative pronoun introduces a question/Un pronombre interrogativo

introduce una pregunta.

Activity

1. Personal Pronouns

1.1 Subject Pronouns

Pronombres (enfunción de sujeto)

Ejemplo

I    I am ill/ Yo estoy enfermo.you  You are tall /Tú eres alto. / Usted es alto.he  He is handsome./ Él es guapo.she  She is pretty/ Ella es guapa.it  It is cold today/ Hoy hace frío.we  We are tired/ Nosotros estamos cansados.you  You are angry. /Vosotros estáis enfadados. /

Ustedes están enfadados.they  They are at the cinema. /Ellos están en el cine.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

1.2. Object Pronouns

Pronombres (enfunción de objeto) Ejemplo

me  Can you help me?/ ¿Puedes ayudarme?you  I can help you / Puedo ayudarte. / Puedo

ayudarle.him  Can you see him?/ ¿Le puedes ver?her  Give it to her. /Dáselo a ella.it  Give it a kick./ Dale una patada.us     Can you see us? /¿Nos puedes ver?you  I see you./ Os veo. / Les veo.them  He can help them./Les puede ayudar.

2. Reflexive Pronouns

Pronombres reflexivos Ejemplo  myself yo mismo, a mí

  I saw it myself. Yo mismo lo vi.

  yourself tú mismo (a tí), usted mismo (a usted)

  Don’t burn yourself! ¡No te quemes! / ¡No se queme!

  himself él mismo a sí mismo

  He hurt himself. Se hizo daño.

  herself ella misma, a sí misma

  She did it herself. Lo hizo ella misma.

  itself él mismo, a sí mismo

  The cat scratched itself. El gato se rascó.

  ourselves nosotros mismos

  We made it ourselves. Lo hemos hecho nosotros mismos.

  yourselves vosotros mismos, ustedes mismos

  Did you paint the house yourselves? ¿Pintasteis la casa vosotros mismos? / ¿Pintaron la casa ustedes mismos?

  themselves ellos mismos

  They were speaking to themselves. Ellos hablaban consigo mismos.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

3.Indifinitive Pronouns

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Pronombre Singular Plural Ejemplo  all todo

Singular Plural   You ate all the cookies! ¡Has comido todas las galletas!

  another otro

Singular   Another glass of wine please. Otra copa de vino por favor.

  any algún, ningún, cualquier

Singular Plural   Is there any milk? ¿Hay leche?

  anybody  anyone alguien, nadie, cualquiera

Singular   Is there anyone home? ¿Hay alguien en casa?

  anything algo, nada, cualquier

Singular   It’s so dark, I can’t see anything. Está muy oscuro, no puedo ver nada.

  anywhere cualquier lugar

Singular   We can go anywhere you want. Podemos ir donde quieras.

  both ambos/los dos

Plural   Both of my children speak French. Mis dos hijos hablan Francés.

  each cada, cada uno

Singular   Each of them is different. Cada cual es diferente.

  either cualquiera (de 2)

Singular   I’m happy to see either movie. Me da igual ver cualquier película.

4.Demostrative Pronouns

Demostrative Pronouns

Spanish image

This is his lunch. Este es su almuerzo.

This is her book. Este es su libro.

What a pleasure that was!

¡Qué placer que era!

I bought some flowers. These are the prettiest

Compré algunas flores. Estas son las más bonitas

Those are the best candies in the market.

Esos son los mejores dulces en el mercado.

Hello. This is Alicia Hola. Soy Alicia.

Peter, is that you? ¿Eres tú, Peter?

That pizza was delicious.

Aquella pizza estaba riquísima

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic.7 ConjunctionsConjuntions

Are used to join two sentences into one sentence by showing a relationship

between the two/Se utilizan para unir dos frases en una oración por los que

muestra una relación entre los dos.

First Sentence

Tim enjoys playing tennis.

Second Sentence

Tim Enjoys doing yoga.

Using a Co-ordinating Conjunction

Tim enjoys playing tennis doing yoga.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Activity

SO

Manuel was warm, he takes a bathroom

Manuel was warm so he takes a bathroom.

The class finished, leave the class to the living room.

The class finished so leave the class to the living room.

AND

I ate two cakes of chocolate, you ate a cake of strawberry.

I ate two cakes of chocolate and you ate a cake of strawberry.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

We dance salsa, they dance Tango.

We dance salsa and they dance Tango.

OR

To prepare a meal it can be made in to a stove, in the fire.

To prepare a meal it can be made in to a stove or in the fire.

To go to the university you can go by taxi, by bus.

To go to the university you can go by taxi or by bus.

BUT

To cry is good, it leaves bad memories.

To cry is good but it leaves bad memories.

To study is very hard, finish it the maximum thing.

To study is very hard but finish it the maximum thing.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic.8 Subordinated

Wereas

Manuel is beautiful  wereas maria is ugly.

Manuel is intelligent wereas carlos is sily.

Although

Although my brother is bad what I belive much.

Although us we services to whatsapp there  are many that are addicted to facebook.

Even

Even we can shop.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

First Sentence (independent clause)He'll have some lunch.Second Clause (dependent clause)he arrives.Full Sentence Using a Subordinating ConjunctionHe'll have some lunch when he arrives.

Jessica even love me.

While

While we eat you begin homeword.

While I do the food you the drink.

Because

I did not do my task because they do not the point in boot.

I do not get classes because it was raining

As

Smart children are as beautiful minds.

The UJAT is as the UPM is Better.

Since

I am studying since a foun year ago

I fell in love since I sow you.

Topic 9 Simple, complex, compound sentencesSimple They are independent sentences./Son oraciones Independientes.

Compound

They are two independent clauses and these take coordinated./Son dos oraciones independientes y llevan las coordinadas.

Complex

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Joins two sentences a dependent and one or more independent are those that use the subordinate./Une dos oraciones una dependiente y una o varias independientes son las que utilizan las subordinadas

Topic 10 Active Voice & Passive Voice

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic 11 Skimming and Scanning

Skimming and Scanning/La lectura rápida

Skimming refers to the process of reading only main ideas in a way to get a general impression of

the contents of a reading selection./Skimming se refiere al proceso de la lectura sólo ideas

principales dentro de un paso de conseguir una impresión general del contenido de una lectura de

la selección.

How to Skimming/Cómo Ski:

Read the title/ Lea el título.

Read the introduction or first paragraph./ Lea la introducción o el primer párrafo.

Read the first sentence of every other paragraph./Lea la primera frase de cada otro

párrafo

Read the headings and subheadings./Lea las partidas y subpartidas.

Note any pictures, charts or graphs./ Tenga en cuenta ninguna de las imágenes, tablas o

gráficos.

Note any word or phrase in italics or bold./Observe cualquier palabra o frase en cursiva o

negrita.

Read the summary or above./Lea el resumen o en el párrafo anterior.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Scanning reading is a technique to be used when you want to find specific information quickly. On

examination you have a question in your mind and read a passage only to find the answer,

ignoring the unrelated information./Scanning es una técnica de lectura para ser utilizado cuando

se quiere encontrar información específica rápidamente. En la exploración usted tiene una

pregunta en su mente y se lee un pasaje sólo para encontrar la respuesta, haciendo caso omiso de

la información no relacionada.

How to scanning/ Cómo escanear:

Indicate the specific information you are looking for./Indique la información específica que

busca.

Try to anticipate how the response and what clues that could be used to help locate the

answer will appear. For example, if you are looking for a date, you quickly read the

paragraph looking only numbers./ Trate de anticipar cómo aparecerá la respuesta y qué

pistas que podría utilizar para ayudar a localizar la respuesta. Por ejemplo, si estás

buscando una fecha determinada, usted leer rápidamente el párrafo buscando sólo

números.

Use headings and other aids to help you identify what sections may contain the

information you seek./Use partidas y de las otras ayudas que le ayudarán a identificar qué

secciones pueden contener la información que busca.

Selectively read and jump through the passage sections./Selectivamente leer y saltar a

través de las secciones del pasaje.

Activity

This activity involves making a skimming and scanning of text:/Esta actividad consiste en realizar

un skimming y scanning de un texto:

Components of a computer

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

In simple layman's terms, a computer is a computer system composed of several electronic

components that work together to provide output data processed. These components make up

the so-called hardware, and are responsible for processing all instructions provided by the

software which is loaded on the computer.

Hard drive/ Unidad de disco duro

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

The hard drive of the computer stores information on a hard disk, a disk or a stack of hard drives

with a magnetic surface. Because hard disks can hold large amounts of information, they usually

serve as support for primary storage of the computer, storing almost all programs and files. The

hard disk drive is normally located inside the system unit.

Mouse/Ratón

The mouse is a small device used to point and select items. Although the mouse have several

ways, the typical mouse does look that resembles a mouse, hence its name. It's small, rounded

and connected to the system unit by a cable. Some newer mouse are wireless.

Typically, a mouse has two buttons: a primary button (usually the left button) and a secondary

button. Many also have a mouse wheel between the two buttons, allowing an easy displacement

thereof.

When the mouse hand, an existing pointer moves on the screen moves in the same direction. (The

appearance of the pointer can change depending on the position in the monitor) When you want

to select an item, you just have to point to the item and click (press and release) the primary

button. Point and click with the mouse is the main way to interact with the computer.

Keyboard

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

The keyboard is used mainly for typing text into the computer. As the keyboard of a typewriter,

the computer keyboard has keys with letters and numbers, but it also has special keys:

The function keys, located on the top line, perform different functions depending on the

mode being used.

The numeric keypad, located on the right side of most keyboards, allows you to enter

numbers quickly.

The navigation keys, such as the arrow keys, allow you to change the position in a

document or web page.

Note that you can also use the keyboard to perform many of the functions that can be

performed with the mouse.

The monitor displays information in visual form, using text and graphics. The portion of the

monitor that displays the information is called the screen. As a television screen, a computer

screen can show still or moving images.

There are two basic types of monitors: CRT (Cathode Ray Tube, almost obsolete) monitors and LCD

(Liquid Crystal Display). Both types produce sharp images, but LCD monitors have the advantage of

being much thinner and lighter.

Example:

Skimming:

La idea principal en este artículo es conocer un poco más a fondo el hardware y las funciones que

cumple cada uno de estos componentes dentro de la PC.

Scanning:

Menciona los componentes de una computadora.

Las funciones que realiza el ratón, pantalla,unidad de disco duro,teclado.

De las cuales menciona que la unidad de disco duro almacena informacion,el ratón es

utilizado para dirigir el cursor, mientras que el teclado se utiliza para escribir en la

computadora y por ultimo la pantalla presenta informacion de forma visual.

Keyboard,Mouse, Hard Disk,Display.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Topic 12 Técnica PQ4R

Technical PQ4R Thomas and Robinson (mentioned in Henson, 2000) developed a

strategy based on meaningful learning to enhance the meaning or withholding

information. PQ4R technique is called by its initials in English, this strategy can be

used as follows:/Técnica PQ4R Thomas y Robinson (mencionado en Henson,

2000) desarrollaron una estrategia basada en el aprendizaje significativo para

mejorar el significado o la retención de la información. Se denomina técnica PQ4R

por sus abreviaturas en inglés, puede utilizarse esta estrategia de la siguiente

manera: 

 

1. Prior review or anticipation. They are reviewed in general the objectives and

content of the topic./Revisión previa o anticipación. Se revisan de manera

general los objetivos y contenido del tema. 

2. Prompt: After the previous review, students can make a list of questions

which they consider should be resolved with the information they are poised

to dominate. Questions can serve as advance organizers./Preguntar:

Después de la revisión previa, los alumnos pueden hacer una lista de

preguntas que consideren deban resolverse con la información que están a

punto de dominar. Las preguntas pueden servir de organizadores

avanzados. 

3. Read. The analysis of information prepares learners for reading the text.

The first reading is quick way to locate core ideas. The reading should

include titles, captions, headings, etc./Leer. El análisis de la información

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

prepara a los aprendices para la lectura del texto. La primera lectura se

realiza de manera rápida para localizar ideas centrales. La lectura debe

contemplar títulos, subtítulos, encabezados, etc. 

4. Reflect: Once inciada fast reading, learners should think about its meaning

and its implications. At this stage students should make an outline of the

material, review the parts of the information they found difficult and answer

questions related to the second step. The summary of the main points at the

end of the chapter is useful for reflection./Reflexionar: Una vez inciada la

lectura rápida, los aprendices deben pensar en su significado y en sus

implicaciones. En esta etapa los estudiantes deben hacer un esbozo del

material, revisar las partes de la información que encontraron difíciles y

responder preguntas relacionadas con el segundo paso. El resumen de las

ideas principales al final del capítulo es útil para la reflexión. 

5. Repeat: The trainees should begin to determine how well they can

remember or learn how much of the material covered./Repetir: Los

aprendices deben empezar a determinar qué tan bien pueden recordar o

qué tanto aprendieron del material cubierto. 

6. Review: Consists pay special attention to the parts that learners found

difficult./Revisar: Consiste en poner especial atención en las partes que los

aprendices encontraron difíciles.

Activity

What's inside a PC system?

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Processing/

The nerve centre of a PC is the processor, also called the CPU, or central processing unit. This is built into a single chip which executes program

instructions and coordinates the activities that take place within the computer

system.The chip itself is a small piece of silicon with a complex electrical circuit 5

called an integrated circuit.

The processor consists of three main parts:

The control unit examines the instructions in the user's program, interprets each

instruction and causes the circuits and the rest of the components – monitor, disk

drives, etc. – to execute the functions specified.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs mathematical calculations (+, -, etc.)

and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT).

The registers are. high-speed units of memory used to store and control data. One

of the registers (the program counter, or PC) keeps track of the next instruction to

be performed in the main memory. The other (the instruction register, or IR) holds

the instruction that is being executed.

The power and performance of a computer is partly determined by the speed of its

processor. A system clock sends out signals at fixed intervals to measure and

synchronize the flow of data. Clock speed is measured in gigahertz (GHz). For

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

example, a CPU running at 4GHz (four thousand million hertz, or cycles, per 20

second) will enable your PC to handle the most demanding applications.

RAM and ROM 

The programs and data which pass through the processor must be loaded into the

main memory in order to be processed. Therefore, when the user runs a program,

the CPU looks for it on the hard disk and transfers a copy into the RAM chips. RAM (random access memory) is volatile – that is, its information is lost when 25

the computer is turned off. However, ROM (read only memory) is non-volatile,

containing instructions and routines for the basic operations of the CPU. The BIOS (basic input/output system) uses ROM to control communication with

peripherals.  RAM capacity can be expanded by adding extra chips, usually

contained in 30 small circuit boards called dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs).

Buses and cards

The main circuit board inside your system is called the motherboard and contains

the processor, the memory chips, expansions slots, and controllers for peripherals,

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

connected by buses – electrical channels which allow devices inside the computer

to communicate with each other. For example, the front 35 side bus carries all data

that passes from the CPU to other devices.

The size of a bus, called bus width, determines how much data can be

transmitted. It can be compared to the number of lanes on a motorway – the larger

the width, the more data can travel along the bus. For example, a 64-bit bus can

transmit 64 bits of data.

Expansion slots allow users to install expansion cards, adding features like

sound, memory and network capabilities.

Example

Técnica PQ4R

Pre- reading

La lectura informa como está integrada un sistema de computadora

Question

¿Qué es la RAM?

¿Qué es la ROM?

¿Qué es el Bus?

¿Qué es una Tarjeta?

¿Cómo trabaja la unidad de control?

¿Cómo trabaja la unidad lógica aritmética?

¿Cómo funcionan los registros?

¿Qué es el BIOS?

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

4R

Reading

Ideas centrales

Como esta compuesto el microprocesador (arquitectura).

Que es y como funciona la memoria  RAM y ROM.

Cuales son las funciones de Buses y Tarjetas.

Reflexion

RAM: Memoria de acceso arbitrario.

ROM: Memoria de solo lectura.

BUS: Canal de comunicación entre dispositivos.

Cards: Placas de circuitos dentro de un sistema.

Unidad de control: Analiza instrucciones del programas de usuarios y las

interpreta.

Unidad logia aritmética: Realiza cálculos matemáticos y operaciones

lógicas.

Registros: Almacena y controlan datos.

BIOS: Utiliza la memoria de solo lectura para controlar la comunicación con

periféricos.

Repeat

Un sistema de computadora esta integrado por memoria RAM,ROM, Buses,

tarjetas y procesadores. Estos últimos están compuestos  de 3 partes como son la

unidad de control, la unida lógica aritmética y los registros.

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA

Los buses son canales  de comunicación entre dispositivos  de una computadora y

las tarjetas o placas son circuitos  dentro de un sistema de PC.

El BIOS (sistema básico de entrada / salida) usa ROM para controlar la

comunicación con periféricos.

 

Review

DIMMS: Módulos de memoria  dual en líneas. (son un tipo de memorias DRAN

[RAM de celdas construidas a base de  capacitadores]).

ELABORADO POR: MANUEL ELI MEDINA GARCIA